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Doil Choi 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Nonhost resistance is a plant immune response to resist most pathogens. The molecular basis of nonhost resistance remains poorly understood but recognition of pathogen effectors by immune receptors, a response known as effector-triggered immunity, has been proposed as a component of nonhost resistance. We performed transient expression of 54 P. infestans RXLR effectors in pepper accessions using optimized heterologous expression methods and analyzed the inheritance of effector-induced cell death in an F2 population derived from a cross between two pepper accessions. Pepper showed a localized cell death response upon inoculation with P. infestans, suggesting that recognition of effectors may contribute to nonhost resistance in this system. Nonhost pepper accessions recognized from 2 to 36 effectors. Among the effectors, PexRD8 and Avrblb2 induced cell death on a broad range of pepper accessions. Segregation of effector-induced cell death in an F2 population derived from a cross between two pepper accessions fit a 15:1, 9:7 and 3:1 depending on the effector. Our genetic data suggests that single or two independent/complementary dominant genes are involved in the recognitions RXLR effectors. Our findings indicate that multiple loci recognizing a series of effectors underpin nonhost resistance of pepper to P. infestans and may confer resistance durability.
Doil Choi 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the most important vegetable crop for human being as a rich source of nutritions and spicy condiments. To make reference genome sequence of pepper, we sequenced the whole genome of Capsicum annuum, CM334 using Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer GA2. The genome size of CM334 is estimated as 3.5 Gb. A total of 716 Gb (205.96x coverages of the whole genome) of raw sequences were generated. After filtering out the low quality sequences, a total of 233 Gb (66.7x) of the raw sequences were used for assembly. Total assembled contig length and number were 2.93 Gb and 295,502, respectively. N50 and average length were 25.72 kb and 6,5 kb, respectively. By sequencial scaffolding with mate-pair sequences of 2 kb - 20 kb sizes, a total of 3.04 Gb of scaffold which is approximately 90% of the whole genome was assembled. The total number of scaffolds was 33,876 with N50 length of 1,605 kb. For annotation of the pepper genome, a total of 46 Gb of transcriptome sequences were generated from 12 different tissues using Illumina GA2 and Hi-seq 2000. We are under way of analyzing the characteristic traits of pepper using transcriptome data. The progress of pepper genome sequencing project including gene annotation, gene family analysis, comparative genomics studies on evolution of hot taste, genome expansion and fruit development will be presented in the meeting.
Genome-wide identification of pepper NB-LRR gene family and their evolutionary history in Solanaceae
Eunyoung Seo,Seon-In Yeom,Seungill Kim,Joohyun Lee,Saet-Byul Kim,Eunbi Choi,Eun Hye Choi,Doil Choi 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Plants have evolved elaborate innate immune systems against invading pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, viruses and insects. Among them, intracellular immune receptors known as nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) play critical roles in effector-triggered immunity (ETI) regarding to plant defense. Here, we identified potential NB-LRR coding sequences from pepper genome using bioinformatics analysis and performed comparative analysis with Solanaceae plants. As a result, we identified 267, 443, and 755 NBS-encoding genes in the genome of tomato, potato, and pepper, respectively. These may indicate that the Solanaceae NB-LRRs were evolved through species-specific unequal-duplication event. Further phylogenetic and clustering analyses revealed that Solanaceae NB-LRRs were classified into the 14 subgroups with 1 TNL and 13 CNL types. We found that the genes in CNL-G1 and CNL-G2 subgroup were highly expanded compared to other subgroup showing a large portion of NB-LRR in pepper genome. Among 755 NB-LRRs in pepper genome, 623 were physically mapped on all 12 pepper chromosome pseudomolecules. Furthermore, a number of NB-LRRs in the same group were physically clustered by tandem array in the specific chromosome. Genome-wide identification of pepper NB-LRR family and their evolutionary analysis could provide an important resource for identification and characterization of genes for breeding of disease resistance crops.