Protein Profile in Corpus Luteum during Pregnancy in Korean Native Cows

Chung, H.J.,Kim, K.W.,Han, D.W.,Lee, H.C.,Yang, B.C.,Chung, H.K.,Shim, M.R.,Choi, M.S.,Jo, E.B.,Jo, Y.M.,Oh, M.Y.,Jo, S.J.,Hong, S.K.,Park, J.K.,Chang, W.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.11

Steroidogenesis requires coordination of the anabolic and catabolic pathways of lipid metabolism, but the profile of proteins associated with progesterone synthesis in cyclic and pregnant corpus luteum (CL) is not well-known in cattle. In Experiment 1, plasma progesterone level was monitored in cyclic cows (n = 5) and pregnant cows (n = 6; until d-90). A significant decline in the plasma progesterone level occurred at d-19 of cyclic cows. Progesterone level in abbatoir-derived luteal tissues was also determined at d 1 to 5, 6 to 13 and 14 to 20 of cyclic cows, and d-60 and -90 of pregnant cows (n = 5 each). Progesterone level in d-60 CL was not different from those in d 6 to 13 CL and d-90 CL, although the difference between d 6 to 13 and d-90 was significant. In Experiment 2, protein expression pattern in CL at d-90 (n = 4) was compared with that in CL of cyclic cows at d 6 to 13 (n = 5). Significant changes in the level of protein expression were detected in 32 protein spots by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and 23 of them were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Six proteins were found only in pregnant CL, while the other 17 proteins were found only in cyclic CL. Among the above 6 proteins, vimentin which is involved in the regulation of post-implantation development was included. Thus, the protein expression pattern in CL was disorientated from cyclic luteal phase to mid pregnancy, and alterations in specific CL protein expression may contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy in Korean native cows.

Peroxiredoxin II promotes hepatic tumorigenesis through cooperation with Ras/Forkhead box M1 signaling pathway

Park, Y-H,Kim, S-U,Kwon, T-H,Kim, J-M,Song, I-S,Shin, H-J,Lee, B-K,Bang, D-H,Lee, S-J,Lee, D-S,Chang, K-T,Kim, B-Y,Yu, D-Y Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Oncogene Vol.35 No.27

<P>The current study was carried out to define the involvement of Peroxiredoxin (Prx) II in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying molecular mechanism(s). Expression and function of Prx II in HCC was determined using H-ras(G12V)-transformed HCC cells (H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells) and the tumor livers from H-ras(G12V)-transgenic (Tg) mice and HCC patients. Prx II was upregulated in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg mouse tumor livers, the expression pattern of which highly similar to that of forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1). Moreover, either knockdown of FoxM1 or site-directed mutagenesis of FoxM1-binding site of Prx II promoter significantly reduced Prx II levels in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells, indicating FoxM1 as a direct transcription factor of Prx II in HCC. Interestingly, the null mutation of Prx II markedly decreased the number and size of tumors in H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Consistent with this, knockdown of Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells reduced the expression of cyclin D1, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in athymic nude mice, whereas overexpression of Prx II increased or aggravated the tumor phenotypes. Importantly, the expression of Prx II was correlated with that of FoxM1 in HCC patients. The activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway and the expression of FoxM1 and cyclin D1 were highly dependent on Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Prx II is FoxM1-dependently- expressed antioxidant in HCC and function as an enhancer of Ras(G12V) oncogenic potential in hepatic tumorigenesis through activation of ERK/FoxM1/cyclin D1 cascade.</P>

Follow-Up Study on CDX1 and CDX2 mRNA Expression in Noncancerous Gastric Mucosae After Helicobacter pylori Eradication

Shin, C. M.,Kim, N.,Chang, H.,Kim, J. S.,Lee, D. H.,Jung, H. C. Plenum Pub. Corp 2016 Digestive diseases and sciences Vol.61 No.4

<P>Changes in CDX1/CDX2 in gastric mucosae following Helicobacter pylori eradication have not been clarified yet. To evaluate the changes in CDX1/CDX2 expression after H. pylori eradication, in relation to the reversibility of intestinal metaplasia (IM). Time course of CDX1/CDX2 expressions was investigated in 176 subjects with various gastroduodenal disorders. Among them, 132 patients were H. pylori positives; H. pylori were eradicated in 107 of them; 13 failed to eradicate; and 12 did not receive H. pylori eradication therapy. Forty-four subjects were H. pylori negatives. Expression levels in CDX1 and CDX2 from noncancerous gastric mucosae of the corpus, as well as the histologic findings of gastric mucosae, were evaluated during the follow-up. Average follow-up duration was 33.7 months (range 2-97 months). Expression levels in both CDX1 and CDX2 mRNAs were correlated with IM grade in the corpus (rho = 0.633 and 0.554, respectively, all P < 0.001). Changes in CDX1/CDX2 mRNA expressions following H. pylori eradication showed only insignificant results; IM grade at the antrum and corpus showed a tendency to decrease after H. pylori eradication without statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, histologic improvement of IM at the corpus was associated with a decrease in CDX2 mRNA expression during the follow-up (linear mixed model, P for slope = 0.015). In this study, eradication of H. pylori did not show any beneficial effects on aberrant CDX1/CDX2 expressions or IM. Reversibility of IM may be associated with a decrease in CDX2 mRNA expression.</P>

NO₂Sensing Properties of CuPc and H₂Pc LB Films

Kwon, H.J.,Lee, Y.-J.,Chang, Y.K.,Kim, J.-D. 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Characteristics of CuPc and H_(2)Pc Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) films were examined and their NO_(2) sensing properties were investigated on a gas sensor using 9 MHz quartz crystal microbalance(QCM). The monolayer behavior of H_(2)Pc in air-water interface was observed by inspecting its UV absorption spectra as the surface pressure was increased. On ellipsometry measurement for CuPc and H_(2)Pc LB films, the thickness of H_(2)Pc LB film was almost twice as thick as that of CuPc. X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of CuPc LB film showed that Cu2p(1/2) and Cu2p(3/2) peak shifts arised from new bond formation by NO_(2) adsorption. Both CuPc and H_(2)Pc LB film produced significant frequency changes in low ppm range of NO_(2).

한우 어미소와 송아지의 행동 특성

한지훈,김동주,전중환,장홍희,구자민,김은정,이효종,연성찬 한국동물자원과학회 2004 한국축산학회지 Vol.46 No.1

This study was performed to investigate the behavioral characteristics of Hanwoo(Bos taurus coreanae) cows and their calves. Four cows and their calves were placed in pens. The behaviors of each cow and calf were recorded using a time lapse VCR from 07:00 h to 18:00 h for 6 days and were analyzed using the scan point sampling method. The cow's behaviors in order of frequency were LD(lying down, 25%), ST(standing, 23%), EA(eating, 13%), LR(lying down rumination, 10%) and SR(standing rumination, 7%). The cows spent less than 3% of their time PG(pairwise grooming) and SF(sniffing). The calves mainly showed LD(52%), ST(28%), LF(lying flat, 4%), EA(3%) and WA(walking, 3%). The calves spent less than 2% of their time SF(sniffing) and SUK(sucking). The behavioral patterns of cows and calves at 07:00 h, 12:00 h and 18:00 h were different, especially in ST and LD.

Temperature and air pollution affected tree ring δ¹³C and water-use efficiency of pine and oak trees under rising CO₂ in a humid temperate forest

Kwak, J.H.,Lim, S.S.,Lee, K.S.,Viet, H.D.,Matsushima, M.,Lee, K.H.,Jung, K.,Kim, H.Y.,Lee, S.M.,Chang, S.X.,Choi, W.J. Elsevier 2016 Chemical geology Vol.420 No.-

<P>To better predict forest productivity under rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]), it is critical to understand how intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) and its relationship with tree growth are affected by the concomitant changes in environmental conditions such as precipitation, temperature, and air pollution that either enhance or undermine any potential CO2 fertilization effect. We investigated changes in delta C-13 and WUEi in annual rings and basal area increment (BAI) of Pinus densiflora (from 1968 to 2007) and Quercus variabilis (from 1970 to 2007) trees in relation to precipitation, temperature, and air pollution in a humid temperate forest. The WUEi of P. densiflora increased by 39.9%, whereas that of Q. variabilis did not change over time in the study period. The WUEi was not affected by precipitation for both species but increased (P < 0.001) with temperature for P. densiflora and with SO2 emissions for both species. Multiple regression models suggested that the effect of [CO2] on tree growth was much higher than temperature; however, for the period (1998 to 2007) when SO2 emissions data were available, SO2 emission was the driver of changes in BAI and WUEi, and temperature effects became stronger than [CO2]. Overall, BAI and WUEi were positively (P < 0.001) correlated for P. densiflora, but not for Q. variabilis. We conclude that temperature and air pollution rather than precipitation were key determinants of WUEi at the study site and that the two species had contrasting responses to environmental changes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

The evolutionary dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in south-central Vietnam reveals multiple clades evolving from Chinese and Cambodian viruses

Nguyen, T.H.,Than, V.T.,Thanh, H.D.,Nguyen, V.Q.,Nguyen, K.H.,Nguyen, D.T.,Park, J.H.,Chung, I.S.,Jeong, D.G.,Chang, K.T.,Oh, T.K.,Kim, W. Pergamon Press 2015 Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectiou Vol.42 No.-

In Vietnam, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), such as that caused by H5N1 viruses, is the most highly contagious infectious disease that has been affecting domestic poultry in recent years. Vietnam might be an evolutionary hotspot and a potential source of globally pandemic strains. However, few studies have reported viruses circulating in the south-central region of Vietnam. In the present study, 47 H5N1-positive samples were collected from both vaccinated and unvaccinated poultry farms in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam during 2013-2014, and their genetic diversity was analyzed. A common sequence motif for HPAI virus was identified at HA-cleavage sites in all samples: either RERRRKR/G (clades 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.2.1a) or REGRRKKR/G (clade 1.1.2). Phylogenetic analysis of HA genes identified three clades of HPAI H5N1: 1.1.2 (n=1), 2.3.2.1a (n=1), and 2.3.2.1c (n=45). The phylogenetic analysis indicated that these Vietnamese clades may have evolved from Chinese and Cambodian virus clades isolated in 2012-2013 but are less closely related to the clades detected from the Tyva Republic, Bulgaria, Mongolia, Japan, and Korea in 2009-2011. Detection of the coexistence of virus clades 2.3.2.1 and the very virulent 1.1.2 in the south-central regions suggests their local importance and highlights concerns regarding their spread, both northwards and southwards, as well as the potential for reassortment. The obtained data highlight the importance of regular identification of viral evolution and the development and use of region-specific vaccines.

Search for lepton flavor and lepton number violating <i>τ</i> decays into a lepton and two charged mesons

Miyazaki, Y.,Aihara, H.,Arinstein, K.,Aulchenko, V.,Aushev, T.,Bakich, A.M.,Balagura, V.,Barberio, E.,Bay, A.,Belous, K.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bischofberger, M.,Bondar, A.,Brad,ko, M.,Browder, T.E.,Chang, North-Holland Pub. Co 2010 Physics letters. Section B Vol.682 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We search for lepton flavor and lepton number violating <I>τ</I> decays into a lepton (ℓ=electron or muon) and two charged mesons (h,<SUP>h′</SUP>=<SUP>π±</SUP> or <SUP>K±</SUP>), <SUP>τ−</SUP>→<SUP>ℓ−</SUP><SUP>h+</SUP><SUP>h′−</SUP> and <SUP>τ−</SUP>→<SUP>ℓ+</SUP><SUP>h−</SUP><SUP>h′−</SUP>, using 671 fb<SUP>−1</SUP> of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy <SUP>e+</SUP><SUP>e−</SUP> collider. We obtain 90% C.L. upper limits on the branching fractions in the range (4.4–8.8)×<SUP>10−8</SUP> for τ→eh<SUP>h′</SUP>, and (3.3–16)×<SUP>10−8</SUP> for τ→μh<SUP>h′</SUP> processes. These results improve upon previously published upper limits by factors between 1.6 to 8.8.</P>

석회유황합제 처리에 따른 철원 양파의 생육특성 및 페놀화합물 분석

김연복,이희종,김동현,구현정,장광진,Kim, Y.B.,Lee, H.J.,Kim, D.H.,Koo, H.J.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2020 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 양파에 친환경제제로 사용되는 석회유황합제를 농도별(100, 200, 300배)로 희석하여 양파에 처리하여 생육특성과 페놀화합물 함량의 변이를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 그 결과 석회유황합제 처리 후 양파의 구 중, 구 너비, 구 고와당 함량에 영향을 미치지는 못했다. 또한 페놀화합물 함량에서 p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, kaempferol은 무 처리구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 benzoic acid는 석회유황합제 100배를 처리하였을 때 유의하였고, quercetin 함량은 처리구인 석회유황합제 200배(106.7 ㎍/g D.W.)와 300배(106.1 ㎍/g D.W.)가 100배(89.4 ㎍/g D.W.)와 무 처리구(96.4 ㎍/g D.W.) 보다 다소 높은 함량을 보여 유의하였다. 따라서 석회유황합제는 bezoic acid와 quercetin 함량 변화에 영향을 미쳤다고 판단된다. 본 연구결과가 농가 현장에 적용되기 위해서는 좀 더 넓은면적에서 실증 시험을 더 해야할 것으로 판단된다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of phenolic compounds after lime-sulphur mixture treatment on Cheorwon onion. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Onion is a good name for the 'Okchong' to drop blood cholesterol and cardiovascular blood flow to increase the prevention of adult diseases. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. After the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture, the weight, width and plant height of the onion were not affected. In the phenolic compounds, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol except benzoic acid and quercetin were similar to or less than the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture had some effect on phenolic compound contents, benzoic acid and qurercetin.

Effects of Fertilization Time and Culture Medium of Pig Oocytes Matured In Vitro by Liquid Boar Sperm Stored at 4℃

Park, C.S.,Yi, Y.J.,Kim, M.Y.,Chang, Y.J.,Lee, S.H.,Jin, D.I 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

This study was to investigate the effects of fertilization time and culture medium of pig oocytes matured in-vitro by liquid boar sperm. The sperm rich fraction (30∼60 ml) was slowly cooled to room temperature (20∼23℃) by 2 h after collection. Semen was transferred into 15 ml tubes, centrifuged at room temperature for 10 min 800×g, and the supernatant solution was poured off. The concentrated sperm was resuspended with 5 ml of the LEN diluent to provide 1.0×10^(9) sperm/ml at room temperature. The resuspended semen was cooled in a refrigerator to 4℃. The medium used for oocyte maturation was TCM-199 supplemented with 26.19 mM sodium bicarbonate, 0.9 mM sodium pyruvate, 10μg/ml insulin, 2μg/ml vitamin B_(12), 25 mM HEPES, 10μg/ml bovine apotransferrin, 150μM cysteamine, 10IU/ml PMSG, 10 IU/ml hCG, 10 ng/ml EGF, 0.4% BSA, 75μg/ml sodium penicillin G, 50μg/ml streptomycin sulfate and 10% pFF. After about 22 h of culture, oocytes were cultured without cysteamine and hormones for 22 h at 38.5℃, 5% CO₂in air. Oocytes were inseminated with liquid boar sperm stored at 4℃ for 2 days after collection. Oocytes were coincubated for 1, 3, 6 and 9 h in 500 μl mTBM fertilization media with 1.0×10^(6) sperm/ml concentration, respectively. Thereafter, oocytes were transferred into 500 μl NCSU-23, HEPES buffered NCSU-23, PZM-3 and PZM-4 culture media, respectively, for further culture of 6, 48 and 144 h. The rates of sperm penetration and male pronuclear formation were higher in the fertilization times for 6 and 9 h than in those for 1 and 3 h. The rates of cleaved oocytes were higher in the fertilization times for 6 and 9 h (85.0 and 84.6%) than in those for 1 and 3 h (61.1 and 76.8%). The percentage of blastocyst formation from the cleaved oocytes was highest in the fertilization time for 6 h (33.6%) than in that for 1, 3 and 9 h (11.4, 23.0 and 29.6%). Mean cell numbers per blastocyst were 32.9, 27.6, 26.3 and 24.4 in the fertilization times for 6, 9, 3 and 1 h, respectively. The rate of blastocyst from the cleaved oocytes and the number of cells per blastocyst were higher in HEPES buffered NCSU-23 culture medium than in NCSU-23, PZM-3 and PZM-4 culture media. In conclusion, we found out that liquid boar sperm stored at 4℃ could be used for in-vitro fertilization of pig oocytes matured in-vitro. Also, we recommend the coincubation time of 6 h in 500 μl TBM fertilization medium with 1×10^(6) sperm/ml concentration and the HEPES buffered NCSU-23 culture medium for in-vitro fertilization of pig oocytes matured in-vitro.