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- 저자 : Croce, Fausto (검색결과 7 건)
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Serendipity and bubble plus hierarchic finite elements for thin to thick plates
Croce, Lucia Della,Scapolla, Terenzio Techno-Press 2000 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.9 No.5
In this paper we deal with the numerical solution of the Reissner-Mindlin plate problem with the use of high order finite elements. In previous papers we have solved the problem using approximation spaces of Serendipity type, in order to minimize the number of internal degrees of freedom. Since further numerical experiences have evidenced that the addition of bubble functions improved the quality of the results we have modified the previous family of hierarchic finite elements, adding internal degrees of freedom, to make a systematic analysis of their performance. Of course, more degrees of freedom are introduced. Nonetheless the numerical results indicate that the reduction of the error outnumbers the increase of degrees of freedom and therefore bubble plus elements are preferable.
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MicroRNA: trends in clinical trials of cancer diagnosis and therapy strategies
Kim Taewan,Croce Carlo M. 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
As a type of short noncoding RNAs, microRNA (miRNA) undoubtedly plays a crucial role in cancer development. Since the discovery of the identity and clinical functions of miRNAs, over the past few decades, the roles of miRNAs in cancer have been actively investigated. Numerous pieces of evidence indicate that miRNAs are pivotal factors in most types of cancer. Recent cancer research focused on miRNAs has identified and characterized a large cohort of miRNAs commonly dysregulated in cancer or exclusively dysregulated in specific types of cancer. These studies have suggested the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognostication of cancer. Moreover, many of these miRNAs have oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions. MiRNAs have been the focus of research given their potential clinical applications as therapeutic targets. Currently, various oncology clinical trials using miRNAs in screening, diagnosis, and drug testing are underway. Although clinical trials studying miRNAs in various diseases have been reviewed before, there have been fewer clinical trials related to miRNAs in cancer. Furthermore, updated results of recent preclinical studies and clinical trials of miRNA biomarkers and drugs in cancer are needed. Therefore, this review aims to provide up-to-date information on miRNAs as biomarkers and cancer drugs in clinical trials.
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Stress and strain state in the segmental linings during mechanized tunnelling
Do, Ngoc-Anh,Oreste, Pierpaolo,Dias, Daniel,Antonello, Croce,Djeran-Maigre, Irini,Livio, Locatelli Techno-Press 2014 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.7 No.1
The application of the mechanized tunnelling has been extended in recent years. There are at present different approaches that are used in the design of segmental tunnel linings supported in mechanized tunnels. Even though segmental lining is utilized for mechanized tunnels, its behaviour is still quite unclear under in situ stress and there is a lack of data regarding the distribution of stresses inside segmental linings. So far no single effective calculation method exists for segmental lining design. The lack of clear solutions makes the use of segmental lining to be more expensive due to the adoption of greater safety factors. Therefore, a particular attention must be given in order to obtain data from monitored tunnels which permits to validate design methods. In this study, strain measurements, which were conducted during the construction of twin tunnels in the Bologna-Florence railway line, have been presented. The behaviour of segmental lining during the excavation and the influence of a new tunnel excavation on an existing tunnel have been shown through the measured data. The data are then compared with the results obtained with Einstein and Schwartz's method and Duddeck and Erdmann's method, which permits to highlight the fact that the two analytical methods underestimate structural forces induced in the segmental lining and then must be used with caution.
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Suh, Sung-Suk,Yoo, Ji Young,Cui, Ri,Kaur, Balveen,Huebner, Kay,Lee, Taek-Kyun,Aqeilan, Rami I.,Croce, Carlo M. Public Library of Science 2014 PLoS genetics Vol.10 No.10
<P>Metastasis is the principal cause of cancer death and occurs through multiple, complex processes that involve the concerted action of many genes. A number of studies have indicated that the Fragile Histidine Triad (<I>FHIT</I>) gene product, FHIT, functions as a tumor suppressor in a variety of common human cancers. Although there are suggestions of a role for FHIT loss in progression of various cancers, a role for such loss in metastasis has not been defined. Here, via <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> assays, we reveal that the enforced expression of FHIT significantly suppresses metastasis, accompanied by inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process involved in metastasis through coordinate modulation of EMT-related genes. Specifically, miR-30c, a FHIT-upregulated microRNA, contributes to FHIT function in suppression of EMT and metastasis by directly targeting metastasis genes Metadherin (<I>MTDH</I>), High-mobility group AT—hook 2 (<I>HMGA2</I>), and the mesenchymal markers, Vimentin (<I>VIM</I>) and Fibronectin (<I>FN1</I>), in human lung cancer. Finally, we demonstrate that the expression pattern of FHIT and miR-30c is inversely correlated with that of MTDH and HMGA2 in normal tissue, non-metastatic and metastatic tumors, serving as a potential biomarker for metastasis in lung cancer.</P><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Although Fragile Histidine Triad (<I>FHIT</I>) is known as a potential tumor suppressor gene in terms of tumor initiation and progression, the role of FHIT in the metastatic process is not well characterized. Here it is shown that FHIT reduces the motility and invasiveness of lung cancer cells <I>in vitro</I> and ability to metastasize <I>in vivo</I>, at least partially through the miR-30c-mediated suppression of EMT, a critical process during tumor metastasis. This study provides new insights into the role of FHIT and a FHIT-activated miRNA, miR-30c, as crucial modulators in lung metastasis.</P>
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Lee, J-Y,Park, J-H,Choi, H-J,Won, H-Y,Joo, H-s,Shin, D-H,Park, M K,Han, B,Kim, K P,Lee, T J,Croce, C M,Kong, G Nature Publishing Group 2017 Oncogene Vol.36 No.39
<P>Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which has been considered as a potential therapeutic target in human cancer, has been known to regulate many biological functions through its non-histone substrates. Although LSD1-induced hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF1 alpha) demethylation has recently been proposed, the effect of LSD1 on the relationship between HIF1 alpha post-translational modifications (PTMs) and HIF1 alpha-induced tumor angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we identify a new methylation site of the HIF1 alpha protein antagonized by LSD1 and the interplay between HIF1 alpha protein methylation and other PTMs in regulating tumor angiogenesis. LSD1 demethylates HIF1 alpha at lysine (K) 391, which protects HIF1 alpha against ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. LSD1 also directly suppresses PHD2-induced HIF1 alpha hydroxylation, which has a mutually dependent interplay with Set9-mediated HIF1 alpha methylation. Moreover, the HIF1 alpha acetylation that occurs in a HIF1 alpha methylation-dependent manner is inhibited by the LSD1/NuRD complex. HIF1 alpha stabilized by LSD1 cooperates with CBP and MTA1 to enhance vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)induced tumor angiogenesis. Thus, LSD1 is a key regulator of HIF1 alpha/VEGF-mediated tumor angiogenesis by antagonizing the crosstalk between PTMs involving HIF1 alpha protein degradation.</P>
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