The natural product salicin alleviates osteoarthritis progression by binding to IRE1α and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress through the IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling pathway

Zhu Zhenglin,Gao Shengqiang,Chen Cheng,Xu Wei,Xiao Pengcheng,Chen Zhiyu,Du Chengcheng,Chen Bowen,Gao Yan,Wang Chunli,Wang Chunli,Huang Wei 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Despite the high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in older populations, disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) are still lacking. This study was performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the small molecular drug salicin (SA) on OA progression. Primary rat chondrocytes were stimulated with TNF-α and treated with or without SA. Inflammatory factors, cartilage matrix degeneration markers, and cell proliferation and apoptosis markers were detected at the mRNA and protein levels. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by EdU assays or flow cytometric analysis. RNA sequencing, molecular docking and drug affinity-responsive target stability analyses were used to clarify the mechanisms. The rat OA model was used to evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of SA on OA progression. We found that SA rescued TNF-α-induced degeneration of the cartilage matrix, inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation, and promotion of chondrocyte apoptosis. Mechanistically, SA directly binds to IRE1α and occupies the IRE1α phosphorylation site, preventing IRE1α phosphorylation and regulating IRE1α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling. Finally, intra-articular injection of SA-loaded lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) ameliorated OA progression by inhibiting IRE1α-mediated ER stress in the OA model. In conclusion, SA alleviates OA by directly binding to the ER stress regulator IRE1α and inhibits IRE1α-mediated ER stress via IRE1α-IκBα-p65 signaling. Topical use of the small molecular drug SA shows potential to modify OA progression.

An evaluation on in-pile behaviors of SiC_f/SiC cladding under normal and accident conditions with updated FROBA-ATF code

Chen, Ping,Qiu, Bowen,Li, Yuanming,Wu, Yingwei,Hui, Yongbo,Deng, Yangbin,Zhang, Kun Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.4

Although there are still controversial opinions and uncertainty on application of SiC_f/SiC composite cladding as next-generation cladding material for its great oxidation resistance in high temperature steam environment and other outstanding advantages, it cannot deny that SiC_f/SiC cladding is a potential accident tolerant fuel (ATF) cladding with high research priority and still in the engineering design stage for now. However, considering its disadvantages, such as low irradiated thermal conductivity, ductility that barely not exist, further evaluations of its in-pile behaviors are still necessary. Based on the self-developed code we recently updated, relevant thermohydraulic and mechanical models in FROBA-ATF were applied to simulate the cladding behaviors under normal and accident conditions in this paper. Even through steady-state performance analysis revealed that this kind of cladding material could greatly reduce the oxidation thickness, the thermal performance of UO₂-SiC was poor due to its low inpile thermal conductivity and creep rate. Besides, the risk of failure exists when reactor power decreased. With geometry optimization and dopant addition in pellets, the steady-state performance of UO₂-SiC was enhanced and the failure risk was reduced. The thermal and mechanical performance of the improved UO₂-SiC was further evaluated under Loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) conditions. Transient results showed that the optimized ATF had better thermal performance, lower cladding hoop stress, and could provide more coping time under accident conditions.

Metallogenesis and hydrothermal evolution of the Saibo copper deposit in the western Tianshan: evidence from fluid inclusions, H-O-S isotopes, and Re-Os geochronology

Bowen Zhang,Xiaofei Tang,Chuan Chen,Xiaoping Gong,Chunmei Su 한국지질과학협의회 2023 Geosciences Journal Vol.27 No.1

The Saibo copper polymetallic deposit, located in the West Tianshan Sailimu-Sitaihaiquan copper lead and zinc ore belt, is a new breakthrough in medium-large copper mine. Through the thin section authentication and the thermometric analysis of fluid inclusion, it is concluded that skarnization was developed in this deposit, the mineralization stage can be divided into retrograde skarn stage (S1), quartz-sulfide stage (S2) and quartz-carbonate stage (S3). Fluid inclusions (FIs) were distinguished as liquid-rich aqueous FIs (LV-type), vapor-rich aqueous FIs (VL-type), and NaCl daughter mineral-bearing three phase FIs (S-type). The mineralization fluids indicate that the initial stage (S1 stage) is of high temperature and high salinity, with a handful of metallicmatters. During the main metallogenic stage (S2 stage), the meteoric water is mixed, the temperature and salinity gradually decrease, the fluid is distinctly boiling, and a large amount of metallic matters are precipitated, and then to the S3 stage, when the temperature and salinity decrease along with the carbonation. Chalcopyrite Re-Os dating yielded a mineralization age of 379.2 ± 7.7 Ma, which corresponds well with the zircon U-Pb age (385.9 ± 1.3 Ma) of the granite porphyry. The C-H-O isotopes indicate that the ore-forming fluid was dominated by initial mixed magmatic water in the early stage and by meteoric water in the late stage, and C is derived from limestone strata metasomatized by magmatic fluids. The S and Pb isotopes indicate that the ore-forming materials are derived from the mixed crust-mantle source, of which S is almost entirely derived from the mantle, while Pb is mainly derived from the crustal material of the orogenic belt. On the whole, the Saibo copper deposit is a typical calcium skarn type deposit, which formed in the shallower setting at active continental margin in the Late Devonian period.

Quasi-Two-Dimensional Metal Oxide Semiconductors Based Ultrasensitive Potentiometric Biosensors

Chen, Huajun,Rim, You Seung,Wang, Isaac Caleb,Li, Chao,Zhu, Bowen,Sun, Mo,Goorsky, Mark S.,He, Ximin,Yang, Yang American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.5

<P>Ultrasensitive field-effect transistor-based biosensors using quasi two -dimensional metal oxide semiconductors were demonstrated. Quasi-two-dimensional low-dimensional metal oxide semiconductors were highly sensitive to electrical perturbations at the semiconductor bio interface and showed competitive sensitivity compared with other nanomaterial-based biosensors. Also, the solution process made our platform simple and highly reproducible, which was favorable compared with other nanobioelectronics. A quasi-two-dimensional In2O3-based pH sensor showed a small detection limit of 0.0005 pH and detected the glucose concentration at femtomolar levels. Detailed electrical characterization unveiled how the device's parameters affect the biosensor sensitivity, and lowest detectable charge was extrapolated, which was consistent with the experimental data.</P>

STATE OF CHARGE ESTIMATION OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY USING ENERGY CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS

Chen Shan,Pan Tianhong,Jin Bowen 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.2

The traditional electric current integral algorithm cannot accurately estimate a lithium-ion battery’s state of charge (SOC) under complex discharge conditions. Therefore, in this study, a new estimation method based on a power integral algorithm is proposed. First, the first-order Thevenin equivalent circuit model is selected, and the energy storage and loss of the lithium-ion battery during charging and discharging operations are analyzed. Second, the inherent disadvantages of the electric current integral algorithm are analyzed, and an SOC estimation based on the power integral algorithm is presented. The error correction for the SOC estimation is derived using the extended Kalman filter (EKF). Using the established test bench, the effects of environmental temperature, state of health, and current density on the SOC estimation are analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed method combining the power integral and EKF can accurately estimate the SOC of a lithium-ion battery.

Decreasing in pressure interval of near-miscible flooding by adding intermediate hydrocarbon components

Hao Chen,He Tang,Xiansong Zhang,Bowen Li,Baozhen Li,Xiong Shen 한국자원공학회 2018 Geosystem engineering Vol.21 No.3

Oil quality and gas sources are two main limitations for the promotion of CO2 miscible flooding in China. However, near-miscible flooding was proposed recently which can obtain comparable recovery based on both experiments and field tests. The discovery of gas reservoir, which contains high content (24–90 mol%) of CO2 in QHD offshore oilfield, provides big potential for the implementation of CO2 flooding in China. In this paper, based on the slim tube test and slim tube simulation with denser test points, specific regions of near-miscible flooding for different CO2 contents were determined by the relation curves of displacement efficiency, IFT, and pressure. For the targeted well QHD 29-2E-5, the lower limit of CO2 content for achieving near-miscible flooding is 64%. To enlarge the scope and potential of near-miscible flooding, the feasibility of adding intermediate components (C2–C6) in the injection gas to decrease the pressure interval of near-miscible flooding was investigated. Results showed that for each 10% decrease in CO2 content, 2.5% of the intermediate components (C2–C6) of the production gas are needed to add for achieving near-miscible flooding in the well QHD 29-2E-5.

Are Efficient and Inefficient Farms Heterogeneous? Evidence from Kansas Farms

김영준,Bowen Chen,Allen M. Featherstone,Dustin L. Pendell 한국농업경제학회 2023 農業經濟硏究 Vol.64 No.1

Most of the previous literature on efficiency assumes that efficient and inefficient farms are homogeneous in production, even though they may have different strategies to increase efficiency. Exploiting Super Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and quantile regression, this study examines the sources of efficiency with particular consideration of the heterogeneity between efficient and inefficient farms using a farm-level dataset. The results show that an increase in some farm characteristics, such as the number of beef cows, percentage of income from beef cows, and percentage of acres owned, affects efficiency in different ways for efficient and inefficient farms. These results imply that efficient and inefficient farms are heterogeneous in terms of how farm characteristics affect efficiency.

LncRNA SNHG6 promotes glycolysis reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma by stabilizing the BOP1 protein

Kai Chen,Xi Wang,Bowen Wei,Rongcun Sun,Chunlin Wu,Hong-ji Yang 한국통합생물학회 2022 Animal cells and systems Vol.26 No.6

Metabolic reprogramming is an important feature in tumor progression. Long noncoding RNA’s (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) acts as a proto-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but its role in glycolysis is mostly unknown. The role of SNHG6 and Block of proliferation 1 (BOP1) on glycolysis is assessed by glucose uptake, lactate production, oxygen consumptive rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and glycolytic enzyme levels. The regulatory effect of SNHG6 on BOP1 protein was confirmed by Western blotting, MS2 pulldown, RNA pull-down, and RIP assay. SNHG6 and BOP1 levels were increased in HCC tissues and cells. SNHG6 and BOP1 were prognostic factors in HCC patients and significantly correlated to TP53 mutant and tumor grade. SNHG6 promoted proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, enhanced glucose uptake and lactate production, decreased OCR, and increased ECAR in HCC cell lines. SNHG6 could bind the BOP1 protein and enhance its stability. BOP1 overexpression rescued the change of proliferation, apoptosis, and glycolysis in HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721 cells. Our data indicate that SNHG6 accelerates proliferation and glycolysis and inhibits the apoptosis of HCC cell lines by binding the BOP1 protein and enhancing its stability. Both SNHG6 and BOP1 are promising prognostic and therapeutic markers in HCC.

Calculation of cavitation evolution and associated turbulent kinetic energy transport around a NACA66 hydrofoil

Xiaojun Li,Bowen Li,Benxu Yu,Yun Ren,Bo Chen 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.3

The physical mechanism of flow unsteadiness is one of the key problems in cavitating flow. Significant efforts have been exerted to explain the cavitation-vortex interaction mechanism. As well, the process of kinetic energy transport during the evolution of unsteady cavitating flow must be elucidated. In this work, 2D calculations of cavitating flow around a NACA66 hydrofoil were performed based on the open source software OpenFOAM. The modified shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model, which considers curvature and turbulent eddy viscosity corrections, was employed to close the governing equations. The Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model was adopted to capture the cavitation phase change process. Numerical results showed reasonable consistency with the results of the experiments conducted by Leroux et al. (2004). The results showed that cavitation promotes turbulence intensity and flow unsteadiness around the hydrofoil. During the attached sheet cavity growth stage, high-value regions of turbulent kinetic energy are located substantially at the interface of the cavity, particularly at the rear portion of the cavity region. During the cloud cavity shed-off stage, the cavity begins to break off and the maximum value of turbulent kinetic energy is observed inside the shed cavity. Finally, the influence of cavitation on the turbulence intensity is illustrated using the turbulent kinetic energy transport equation, which shows that the pressure diffusion and turbulent transport terms dominate as cavitation occurs. In addition, cavitation promotes turbulence production and increases dissipation with fluid viscosity and flow unsteadiness. The viscous transport term only acts in the cavitation shedding stage under large-scale vortex shedding. Overall, these findings are of considerable interest in engineering applications.

DATCN: Deep Attention fused Temporal Convolution Network for the prediction of monitoring indicators in the tunnel

Junchen Ye,Bowen Du,Zhixin Zhang,Xuyan Tan,Wentao Li,Weizhong Chen 국제구조공학회 2022 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.30 No.6

The prediction of structural mechanical behaviors is vital important to early perceive the abnormal conditions and avoid the occurrence of disasters. Especially for underground engineering, complex geological conditions make the structure more prone to disasters. Aiming at solving the problems existing in previous studies, such as incomplete consideration factors and can only predict the continuous performance, the deep attention fused temporal convolution network (DATCN) is proposed in this paper to predict the spatial mechanical behaviors of structure, which integrates both the temporal effect and spatial effect and realize the cross-time prediction. The temporal convolution network (TCN) and self-attention mechanism are employed to learn the temporal correlation of each monitoring point and the spatial correlation among different points, respectively. Then, the predicted result obtained from DATCN is compared with that obtained from some classical baselines, including SVR, LR, MLP, and RNNs. Also, the parameters involved in DATCN are discussed to optimize the prediction ability. The prediction result demonstrates that the proposed DATCN model outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines. The prediction accuracy of DATCN model after 24 hours reaches 90 percent. Also, the performance in last 14 hours plays a domain role to predict the short-term behaviors of the structure. As a study case, the proposed model is applied in an underwater shield tunnel to predict the stress variation of concrete segments in space.