Indigofera jaisalmerica sp. nov. (Fabaceae): a new species from Indian desert

C.S. Purohit,R.N. Kulloli 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.4

A new species, Indigofera jaisalmerica C.S. Purohit et R.N. Kulloli. sp nov. from Indian desert (Jaisalmerdistrict, Rajasthan, India) is described and illustrated. The new species is closely related with Indigoferacordifolia Roth, but differs in having a leaf more than 2 cm long with scattered hairs on both surfaces,trichomes antler shape on leaf surface, inflorescence axillary spicate with 14e17 flowers, calyx slightlylonger than flower, fruit strictly one-seeded and enclosed by calyx lobes. Detailed taxonomic descriptionalong with colored photo plate, distribution map, SEM study of leaf and seeds, and associates are providedhere for its easy identification.

A review on genus Calligonum L. (Polygonaceae) from India and report Calligonum crinitum an addition for Flora of India

C.S. Purohit,Ramesh Kumar 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.2

Genus Calligonum is represented by only two species from Rajasthan, India belonging to family Polygonaceaeand Calligonum crinitum Boiss. is reported here for the first time from India on the basis of arecent collection from Indian desert (Rajasthan) and the same is reported here for its extended distributionfrom Pakistan to India. This paper deals with review on all three species with a brief taxonomicdescription along with photo illustration given for their easier identification.

Enhancement in hydrogen production by co-cultures of Bacillus and Enterobacter

Patel, S.K.S.,Kumar, P.,Mehariya, S.,Purohit, H.J.,Lee, J.K.,Kalia, V.C. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.27

Defined co-cultures of hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) producers belonging to Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Bacillus were used for enhancing the efficiency of biological H<SUB>2</SUB> production. Out of 11 co-cultures consisting of 2-4 strains, two co-cultures composed of Bacillus cereus EGU43, Enterobacter cloacae HPC123, and Klebsiella sp. HPC793 resulted in H<SUB>2</SUB> yield up to 3.0 mol mol<SUP>-1</SUP> of glucose. Up-scaling of the reactor by 16-fold resulted in a corresponding increase in H<SUB>2</SUB> production with an actual evolution of 7.44 L of H<SUB>2</SUB>. It constituted 58.2% of the total biogas. Continuous culture evolution of H<SUB>2</SUB> by co-cultures (B. cereus EGU43 and E. cloacae HPC123) immobilized on ligno-cellulosic materials resulted in 6.4-fold improvement in H<SUB>2</SUB> yield compared to free floating bacteria. This synergistic influence of B. cereus and E. cloacae can offer a better strategy for H<SUB>2</SUB> production than undefined or mixed cultures.

Reproductive Biotechnologies for Improvement of Buffalo: The Current Status

Purohit, G.N.,Duggal, G.P.,Dadarwal, D.,Kumar, Dinesh,Yadav, R.C.,Vyas, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.7

Reproductive biotechnologies continue to be developed for genetic improvement of both river and swamp buffalo. Although artificial insemination using frozen semen emerged some decades back, there are still considerable limitations. The major problem appears to be the lack of efficient methods for estrus detection and timely insemination. Controlled breeding experiments in the buffalo had been limited and similar to those applied in cattle. Studies on multiple ovulation and embryo transfer are essentially a replica of those in cattle, however with inherent problems such as lower number of primordial follicles on the buffalo ovary, poor fertility and seasonality of reproduction, lower population of antral follicles at all stages of the estrous cycle, poor endocrine status and a high incidence of deep atresia in ovarian follicles, the response in terms of transferable embryo recovery has remained low with 0.51 to 3.0 per donor and pregnancy rates between 15 to 30%. In vitro production of buffalo embryos is a valid alternative to recovery of embryos by superovulation. This aspect received considerable attention during the past decade, however the proportion of embryos that develops to the blastocyst stage is still around 25-30% and hence the in vitro culture procedures need substantial improvement. Embryo cryopreservation procedures for direct transfer post thaw need to be developed for bubaline embryos. Nuclear transfer and embryo cloning is a technique that has received attention in various species during recent years and can be of immense value in buffaloes as they have a low rate of embryo recoveries by both in vitro and in vivo procedures. Gender pre-selection, genome analysis, gene mapping and gene transfer are a few of the techniques that have been studied to a limited extent during recent years and are likely to be included in future studies on buffaloes. Very recently, reproductive biotechnologies have been applied to feral buffaloes as well, but the results obtained so far are modest. When fully exploited they can play an important role in the preservation of endangered species.

Effect of Growth Temperature, Induction, and Molecular Chaperones on the Solubilization of Over-expressed Cellobiose Phosphorylase from Cellvibrio Gilvus under in vivo Conditions

S. P. Singh,M. K. Purohit,C. Aoyagi,M. Kitaoka,K. Hayashi 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.2

In vivo folding of many proteins can be facilitated by growth temperature, extent of induction, and molecular chaperones, which prevent over-expressed protein from being trapped into insoluble inclusion bodies. In the present report, we describe the role of molecular chaperones and growth temperature on the solubilization of overexpressed Cellobiose Phosphorylase (CBP) in Escherichia coli. The growth of host at low temperature enhanced enzyme in soluble fraction. Similarly, induction of target gene at low level of IPTG also yielded higher enzyme in soluble fraction. The synergistic effect of low temperature and induction on the prevention of inclusion bodies was also evident from our results. In addition, co-expression of the target gene with two types of molecular chaperones (GroESL and KODHsp) was also attempted. However,none of these chaperones enhanced the solubilization under in vivo conditions. Nevertheless, effective role of low growth temperature coupled with low level of induction appeared to be an attractive feature for producing recombinant protein.

A Functional Domain Based Approach in Neurocognitive Rehabilitation with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: A Case Report

Vanteemar S. Sreeraj,Venkataram Shivakumar,Anushree Bose,Purohit N. Abhiram,Sri Mahavir Agarwal,Harleen Chhabra,Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy,Ganesan Venkatasubramanian 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.1

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a novel brain stimulation technique which has kindled hope in alleviating motor, language as well as cognitive deficits in neuronal injury. Current case report describes application of tDCS in two phases using two different protocols in a patient with hypoxic injury. In the first phase anodal stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improved the language fluency. Subsequently, after 6 months second phase application of anodal stimulation over posterior parietal region targeted arithmetic and working memory deficits. Individualising the treatment protocols of brain stimulation, based on the lesion and the functional deficits, for neuro-rehabilitation is emphasised.

Aloe trinervis sp. nov.: A new succulent species from Indian Desert (Asphodelaceae)

Suresh Kumar,C.S. Purohit,Ravikiran N. Kulloli 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.2

A new species of Aloe from the Indian Desert, India, is described and illustrated as Aloe trinervis sp. nov. The new species shows similarity with Aloe vera in having succulent, rosette leaves, persistent bracts, freetepals, and six stamens but differs in the recurved teeth instead of deltoid teeth on the leaf margins, 3-nerved bracts, branched and taller inflorescences (90e95 cm long), longer flowers of 31e34 mm inlength, flowers with a pale green color being brownish at middle, and longer stamens (29e33 mm). Adetailed description with data on its distribution and relevant taxonomic notes, comparative morphological,and color photo plate are provided for easy identification of the proposed new species, A. trinervisin relation to A. vera.

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Slime Formations in a Water Injection Station of Oil India Limited in Assam, India

Bhagobaty, Ranjan K.,Purohit, S.,Nihalani, M.C. Korean Society of Microscopy 2015 Applied microscopy Vol.45 No.4

Microorganisms specifically groups of bacteria exhibiting physiological activities of production of acids are a major cause of concern because of their ability to induce corrosion in oil field pipelines and metal systems involved in water handling. Water Injection Stations as a means of secondary recovery from existing oil producing reservoirs, are often employed in most upstream oil and gas industries to ensure replenishment of voidage, maintenance of reservoir pressure and optimization of crude emulsion throughput. In the present study, scanning electron microscopy of macroscopic orange coloured slime formations sampled from leaking valves on the flow-lines of a Water Injection Stations of Oil India Limited revealed the presence of filamentous bacterial mats in association with diatoms. The species composition of the acidic slime formations from the sampled locations reveal the possible role of acid producing iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB) like Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in association with Gomphonema sp. in creating conditions for bio-corrosion.