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Prabagar, M G,Do, Y,Ryu, S,Park, J-Y,Choi, H-J,Choi, W-S,Yun, T J,Moon, J,Choi, I-S,Ko, K,Ko, K,Young Shin, C,Cheong, C,Kang, Y-S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013 Cell death and differentiation Vol.20 No.4
Complements, such as C1q and C3, and macrophages in the splenic marginal zone (MZMs) play pivotal roles in the efficient uptake and processing of circulating apoptotic cells. SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin that is highly expressed in a subpopulation of MZMs, regulates the complement fixation pathway by interacting with C1q, to fight blood-borne Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, we examined whether the SIGN-R1-mediated classical complement pathway plays a role in apoptotic cell clearance and immune tolerance. SIGN-R1 first-bound apoptotic cells and this binding was significantly enhanced in the presence of C1q. SIGN-R1–C1q complex then immediately mediated C3 deposition on circulating apoptotic cells in the MZ, leading to the efficient clearance of them. SIGN-R1-mediated C3 deposition was completely abolished in the spleen of SIGN-R1 knockout (KO) mice. Given that SIGN-R1 is not expressed in the liver, we were struck by the finding that C3-deposited apoptotic cells were still found in the liver of wild-type mice, and dramatically reduced in the SIGN-R1 KO liver. In particular, SIGN-R1 deficiency caused delayed clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β in the spleen as well as in the liver. In addition, anti-double- and single-stranded DNA antibody level was significantly increased in SIGN-R1-depleted mice compared with control mice. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of apoptotic cell clearance which is initiated by SIGN-R1 in the MZ and identify an integrated role of SIGN-R1 in the systemic clearance of apoptotic cells, linking the recognition of apoptotic cells, the opsonization of complements, and the induction of immune tolerance.
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MG Prabagar,Y Do,S Ryu,J-Y Park,H-J Choi,W-S Choi,TJ Yun,J Moon,I-S Choi,K Ko,K Ko,C Young Shin,C Cheong,Y-S Kang 한국당과학회 2013 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1
Complements, such as C1q and C3, and macrophages in the splenic marginal zone (MZMs) play pivotal roles in the efficient uptake and processing of circulating apoptotic cells. SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin that is highly expressed in a subpopulation of MZMs, regulates the complement fixation pathway by interacting with C1q, to fight blood-borne Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, we examined whether the SIGN-R1-mediated classical complement pathway plays a role in apoptotic cell clearance and immune tolerance. SIGN-R1 first-bound apoptotic cells and this binding was significantly enhanced in the presence of C1q. SIGN-R1-C1q complex then immediately mediated C3 deposition on circulating apoptotic cells in the MZ, leading to the efficient clearance of them. SIGN-R1-mediated C3 deposition was completely abolished in the spleen of SIGN-R1 knockout (KO) mice. Given that SIGN-R1 is not expressed in the liver, we were struck by the finding that C3-deposited apoptotic cells were still found in the liver of wild-type mice, and dramatically reduced in the SIGN-R1 KO liver. In particular, SIGN-R1 deficiency caused delayed clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β in the spleen as well as in the liver. In addition, anti-double- and single-stranded DNA antibody level was significantly increased in SIGN-R1-depleted mice compared with control mice. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of apoptotic cell clearance which is initiated by SIGN-R1 in the MZ and identify an integrated role of SIGN-R1 in the systemic clearance of apoptotic cells, linking the recognition of apoptotic cells, the opsonization of complements, and the induction of immune tolerance.
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( Gunhyun Park ),( Hyeonho Yun ),( Seunghan Lee ),( Fasil Taddese ),( Sungchul C. Bai ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2015 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.18 No.2
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of vitamin C and E on methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In a 3×3 factorial design, 9 experimental diets containing three different vitamin C (0, 200 or 400 mg/kg diet in the form of l-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate) and vitamin E (0, 100 or 200 mg/kg diet in the form of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) levels with the Hg toxicity level (20 mg/kg diet in the form of MeHg). Triplicate groups of fish averaging 2.3 ± 0.05 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the 9 diets in a flow through system for 8 weeks. Fish fed 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet with 100 or 200 mg vitamin E/kg diet showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight gain (WG) than did fish fed the other diets. Fish fed 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet at all vitamin E levels and those which fed vitamin C and E equally at a rate of 200 mg/kg diet showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher feed efficiency (FE), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) than did fish fed the other diets. Fish fed 200 and 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) lower Hg concentration in their muscle as well as kidney than did fish fed the other diets. Therefore, these results clearly indicated that the synergistic effects of these two vitamins on MeHg toxicity by supplementing dietary vitamin C (200 and 400 mg/kg diet) with vitamin E (100 and 200 mg/kg diet) in juvenile olive flounder.
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Park, Gunhyun,Yun, Hyeonho,Lee, Seunghan,Taddese, Fasil,Bai, Sungchul C. The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2015 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.18 No.2
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of vitamin C and E on methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In a $3{\times}3$ factorial design, 9 experimental diets containing three different vitamin C (0, 200 or 400 mg/kg diet in the form of l-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate) and vitamin E (0, 100 or 200 mg/kg diet in the form of dl-${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate) levels with the Hg toxicity level (20 mg/kg diet in the form of MeHg) were formulated. Triplicate groups of fish averaging $2.3{\pm}0.05g(mean{\pm}SD)$ were fed one of the 9 diets in a flow through system for 8 weeks. Fish fed 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet with 100 or 200 mg vitamin E/kg diet showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight gain (WG) than did fish fed the other diets. Fish fed 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet at all vitamin E levels and those which fed vitamin C and E equally at a rate of 200 mg/kg diet showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher feed efficiency (FE), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) than did fish fed the other diets. Fish fed 200 and 400 mg vitamin C/kg diet exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) lower Hg concentration in their muscle as well as kidney than did fish fed the other diets. Therefore, these results clearly indicated that the synergistic effects of these two vitamins on MeHg toxicity by supplementing dietary vitamin C (200 and 400 mg/kg diet) with vitamin E (100 and 200 mg/kg diet) in juvenile olive flounder.
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노윤찬,이승렬,윤영균,남기대 ( Y . C . Ro,S . Y . Lee,Y . K . Yun,K . D . Nam ) 한국공업화학회 1994 공업화학 Vol.5 No.5
새로운 기능성을 갖는 sodium monogtycerol α-sulfonated alkanonate류에서 소수성 부분의 알킬기의 탄소수에 따른 세정력을 비교한 결과 C_(16)>C_(18)>C_(14)>C_(12)의 순으로 나타났고, 이들 중 세정력이 가장 우수한 sodium monoglycerol α-sulfonated hexadecanonate는 무공해 세정제로서 기대성이 있는바 현재 공업적으로 대량 사용하고 있는 sodium α-sulfonated alkanoic acid methyl ester와 sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate를 상대 비교한 결과, 보다 우수한 세정력을 나타내며 공업적 응용성에 기대성이 크다. The detergencies of these new functional anionic surfactants, sodium monoglycerol α-sulfonated alkanoates, were investigated and compared with those of two commercial surfactants, that is, sodium α-sulfonated alkanoic acid methyl ester and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate. According to the variation of the hydrophobic alkyl chain length, the order of detergency was shown to be C_(16)>C_(18)>C_(14)>C_(12). From the comparision experiment for the detergency and the various fundamental properties of two other surfactants, it was found that sodium monoglycerol α-sulfonated hexadecanonate has the most outstanding characteristics of detergency. Possibly this result shows light on its industrial application as a nonpolluting detergent.
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Hwang, Y.H.,Park, B.K.,Lim, J.H.,Kim, M.S.,Park, S.C.,Hwang, M.H.,Yun, H.I. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 european journal of pharmacology Vol.556 No.1
To evaluate the anti-endotoxin activity of surfactin C, we studied its lipopolysaccharide-binding activity in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in experimental models of gram-negative septic shock. The ability of surfactin C to bind LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 was determined using a limulus chromogenic assay. Male ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal administration of 1x10<SUP>9</SUP> colony forming units of E. coli ATCC 25922. After bacterial challenge, all animals were randomized to receive intraperitoneally saline, polymyxin B or surfactin C. Surfactin C not only completely bound to the LPS (its median effective concentration being 13.75 μM) but also improved the survival and reduced of the number of inoculated bacteria in the mouse model of septic shock. Surfactin C reduced the plasma endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide levels in response to septic shock in rats.
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Rajagopal Reddy, V.,Sri Silpa, D.,Yun, H.J.,Choi, C.J. Academic Press 2014 Superlattices and microstructures Vol.71 No.-
The electrical and structural properties of a fabricated W/p-InP Schottky barrier diode (SBD) have been investigated as a function of annealing temperature. The W/p-InP SBD exhibits good rectification behavior. The barrier height (BH) and ideality factor of the W/p-InP SBD are determined to be 0.82eV (I-V)/0.98eV (C-V) and 1.34, respectively. However, the BH is increases to 0.87eV (I-V)/1.08eV (C-V) after annealing at 300<SUP>o</SUP>C. When the SBD is annealed at 400<SUP>o</SUP>C, the BH decreases to 0.74eV (I-V)/0.86eV (C-V) and the ideality factor increases to 1.45. Results indicate that a maximum BH is obtained on the W/p-InP SBD at 300<SUP>o</SUP>C. Norde method is also employed to determine BHs of W/p-InP SBD which are in good agreement with those estimated by the I-V method. Further, Cheung method is used to estimate the series resistance of the W/p-InP SBD, and the consistency is checked using the Norde method. Besides, the energy distribution of interface state density is determined from the forward bias I-V data at different annealing temperatures. Auger electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the formation of W-P interfacial phases at the W/p-InP interface may be the cause for the increase of BH upon annealing at 300<SUP>o</SUP>C. AFM results indicated that the overall surface morphology of the W/p-InP SBD did not change significantly at elevated temperatures.
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Role of Leu188 in the Fatty Acid Hydroxylase Activity of CYP102A1 from Bacillus megaterium
Jang, H.H.,Shin, S.M.,Ma, S.H.,Lee, G.Y.,Joung, Y.H.,Yun, C.H. Elsevier 2016 Journal of molecular catalysis Enzymatic Vol.133 No.-
<P>P450 BM3 (CYP102A1) from Bacillus megaterium catalyzes the subterminal hydroxylation of fatty acids with 12-22 carbons at the omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions. Several amino acids located at the substrate channel and active sites are known to be important for the catalytic activity of CYP102A1. The L188 residue at the C-terminus of alpha-helix F undergoes a large shift upon substrate binding and has frequently been found in different combinations of multiple mutations showing enhanced and altered activities. In this study, we examined the role of the L188 residue by comparing the catalytic activities of wild-type CYP102A1 and 19 mutants of L188. The mutants were made with site-directed mutagenesis and functionally expressed in Escherichia coll. The enzymatic properties of the mutants for a set of fatty acids (C-10-C-16) were compared to the properties of the wild-type. L188Q and L188 P mutants showed especially strong increases in hydroxylase activity toward C-10-C-13 fatty acids, although they did not have activity changes for C-14-C-16 fatty acids. Although most mutants showed very similar overall hydroxylation rates for myristic acid, 14 mutants showed apparent changes in the regioselectivity of hydroxylation with a preference for the omega-3 position over the omega-1 position. A possible role for the L188 residue has been discussed in the context of the structure and function of CYP102A1. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
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Ubiquitin specific protease 4 positively regulates the WNT/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer
Yun, S.I.,Kim, H.H.,Yoon, J.H.,Park, W.S.,Hahn, M.J.,Kim, H.C.,Chung, C.H.,Kim, K.K. Elsevier BV 2015 Molecular Oncology Vol.9 No.9
β-catenin is a key signal transducer in the canonical WNT pathway and is negatively regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. Through screening of various deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), we identified ubiquitin specific protease 4 (USP4) as a candidate for β-catenin-specific DUB. The effects of USP4 overexpression or knockdown suggested that USP4 positively controls the stability of β-catenin and enhances β-catenin-regulated transcription. Domain mapping results revealed that the C-terminal catalytic domain is responsible for β-catenin binding and nuclear transport. Examination of colon cancer tissues from patients revealed a correlation between elevated expression levels of USP4 and β-catenin. Consistent with this correlation, USP4 knockdown in HCT116, a colon cancer cell line, reduced invasion and migration activity. These observations indicate that USP4 acts as a positive regulator of the WNT/β-catenin pathway by deubiquitination and facilitates nuclear localization of β-catenin. Therefore, we propose that USP4 is a potential target for anti-cancer therapeutics.
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