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Kim, Byung-Wook,More, Sandeep Vasant,Yun, Yo-Sep,Ko, Hyun-Myung,Kwak, Jae-Hwan,Lee, Heesoon,Suk, Kyoungho,Kim, In-Su,Choi, Dong-Kug Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2016 Acta pharmacologica Sinica. Vol.37 No.3
<P>Aim: To investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of a novel synthetic compound, 7-methylchroman-2-carboxylic acid N-(2-trifluoromethyl) phenylamide (MCAP) against LPS-induced microglial activation in vitro. Methods: Primary mouse microglia and BV2 microglia cells were exposed to LPS (50 or 100 ng/mL). The expression of iNOS and COX-2, proinflammatory cytokines, NF-kappa B and p38 MAPK signaling molecules were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA. The morphological changes of microglia and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B were visualized using phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Results: Pretreatment with MCAP (0.1, 1, 10 mu mol/L) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 in BV2 microglia cells. Similar results were obtained in primary microglia pretreated with MCAP (0.1, 0.5 mu mol/L). MCAP dose-dependently abated LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta, and mitigated LPS-induced activation of NF-kappa B by reducing the phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha in BV2 microglia cells. Moreover, MCAP attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, whereas SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly potentiated MCAP-caused inhibition on the expression of MEF-2 (a transcription factor downstream of p38 MAPK). Conclusion: MCAP exerts anti-inflammatory effects in murine microglia in vitro by inhibiting the p38 MAPK and NF-kappa B signaling pathways and proinflammatory responses. MCAP may be developed as a novel agent for treating diseases involving activated microglial cells.</P>
Pathogenic Upregulation of Glial Lipocalin-2 in the Parkinsonian Dopaminergic System
Kim, Byung-Wook,Jeong, Kyoung Hoon,Kim, Jae-Hong,Jin, Myungwon,Kim, Jong-Heon,Lee, Maan-Gee,Choi, Dong-Kug,Won, So-Yoon,McLean, Catriona,Jeon, Min-Tae,Lee, Ho-Won,Kim, Sang Ryong,Suk, Kyoungho Society for Neuroscience 2016 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.36 No.20
<P>Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the highly heterogeneous secretory protein family of lipocalins and increases in its levels can contribute to neurodegeneration in the adult brain. However, there are no reports on the role of LCN2 in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we report for the first time that LCN2 expression is increased in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with PD. In mouse brains, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment for a neurotoxin model of PD significantly upregulated LCN2 expression, mainly in reactive astrocytes in both the SN and striatum. The increased LCN2 levels contributed to neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, resulting in disruption of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) projection and abnormal locomotor behaviors, which were ameliorated in LCN2-deficient mice. Similar to the effects of MPTP treatment, LCN2-induced neurotoxicity was also observed in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated animal model of PD. Moreover, treatment with the iron donor ferric citrate (FC) and the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) increased and decreased, respectively, the LCN2-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. In addition to the in vivo results, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)induced neurotoxicity in cocultures of mesencephalic neurons and astrocytes was reduced by LCN2 gene deficiency in the astrocytes and conditioned media derived from MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y neuronal enhanced glial expression of LCN2 in vitro. Therefore, our results demonstrate that astrocytic LCN2 upregulation in the lesioned DA system may play a role as a potential pathogenic factor in PD and suggest that inhibition of LCN2 expression or activity may be useful in protecting the nigrostriatal DA system in the adult brain.</P>
Collateral status affects the onset-to-reperfusion time window for good outcome
Kim, Byung Moon,Baek, Jang-Hyun,Heo, Ji Hoe,Nam, Hyo Suk,Kim, Young Dae,Yoo, Joonsang,Kim, Dong Joon,Jeon, Pyoung,Baik, Seung Kug,Suh, Sang Hyun,Lee, Kyung Yol,Kwak, Hyo Sung,Roh, Hong Gee,Lee, Young- British Medical Association 2018 Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Vol.89 No.9
<P>Conclusions Earlier successful recanalisation was strongly associated with good outcome in poor collateral group; however, this association was weak during the tested time window in good collateral group. This suggests that the ORT window for good outcome can be adjusted according to collateral status.</P>
Kim, Jeung-Il,Kim, Hye-Young,Kim, Sun-Mi,Lee, Sae-A,Son, Yong-Hae,Eo, Seong-Kug,Rhim, Byung-Yong,Kim, Koanhoi The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2011 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.15 No.1
To understand the roles of purinergic receptors and cellular molecules below the receptors in the vascular inflammatory response, we determined if extracellular nucleotides up-regulated chemokine expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) abundantly express $PSY_1$, $PSY_6$, and $PSY_{11}$ receptors, which all respond to extracellular nucleotides. Exposure of human AoSMCs to $NAD^+$, an agonist of the human $PSY_{11}$ receptor, and $NADP^+$ as well as ATP, an agonist for $PSY_1$ and $PSY_{11}$ receptors, caused increase in chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 gene (CCL2) transcript and CCL2 release; however, UPT did not affect CCL2 expression. CCL2 release by $NAD^+$ and $NADP^+$ was inhibited by a concentration dependent manner by suramin, an antagonist of P2-purinergic receptors. $NAD^+$ and $NADP^+$ activated protein kinase C and enhanced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and Akt. $NAD^+$- and $NADP^+$-mediated CCL2 release was significantly attenuated by SP6001250, U0126, LY294002, Akt inhibitor IV, RO318220, GF109203X, and diphenyleneiodium chloride. These results indicate that extracellular nucleotides can promote the proinflammatory VSMC phenotype by up-regulating CCL2 expression, and that multiple cellular elements, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, protein kinase C, and mitogen-activated protein kinases, are involved in that process.
Ⅳ형의 골질로 재생된 골내에 식립된 원통형 임플란트의 유한요소법적 연구
김병옥(Byung-Ock Kim),홍국선(Kug-Sun Hong),김수관(Su-Gwan Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2004 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.30 No.4
Stress transfer to the surrounding tissues is one of the factors involved in the design of dental implants. Unfortunately, insufficient data are available for stress transfer within the regenerated bone surrounding dental implants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of stresses within the regenerated bone surrounding the implant using three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. Stress magnitude and contours within the regenerated bone were calculated. The 3.75×10-㎜ implant (3i, USA) was used for this study and was assumed to be 100% osseointegrated, and was placed in mandibular bone and restored with a cast gold crown. Using ANSYS software revision 6.0, a program was written to generate a model simulating a cylindrical block section of the mandible 20 mm in height and 10 mm in diameter. The present study used a fine grid model incorporating elements between 165,148 and 253,604 and nodal points between 31,616 and 48,877. This study was simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa (A), at the outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole (B), and at the buccal cusp (C), in a vertical and 30。lateral loading, respectively. The results were as follows; 1. In case the regenerated bone (bone quality type IV) was surrounded by bone quality type I and II, stresses were increased from loading point A to C in vertical loading. And stresses according to the depth of regenerated bone were distributed along the implant evenly in loading point A, concentrated on the top of the cylindrical collar loading point B and C in vertical loading. And, In case the regenerated bone (bone quality type IV) was surrounded by bone quality type III, stresses were increase from loading point A to C in vertical loading. And stresses according to the depth of regenerated bone were distributed along the implant evenly in loading point A, B and C in vertical loading. 2. In case the regenerated bone (bone quality type IV) was surrounded by bone quality type I and II, stresses were decreased from loading point A to C in lateral loading. Stresses according to the depth of regenerated bone were concentrated on the top of the cylindrical collar in loading point A and B, distributed along the implant evenly in loading point C in lateral loading. And, In case the regenerated bone (bone quality type IV) was surrounded by bone quality type III, stresses were decreased from loading point A to C in lateral loading. And stresses according to the depth of regenerated bone were distributed along the implant evenly in loading point A, B and C in lateral loading. In summary, these data indicate that both bone quality surrounding the regenerated bone adjacent to implant fixture and load direction applied on the prosthesis could influence concentration of stress within the regenerated bone surrounding the cylindrical type implant fixture.
관리형 온라인 받아쓰기가 토익듣기 평가에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구
김동국(Kim, Tong kug),김병렬(Kim, Byung Lyul) 새한영어영문학회 2016 새한영어영문학 Vol.58 No.4
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of on-line dictation program(henceforth, the program) by testing the general English taking students of Y University in Busan, and to suggest an effective technique in an EFL environment for improving their listening skills based on the experimental results. The experiment designed to find out to what extent the students improve their TOEIC listening skill through the program was conducted with two groups; an experimental group and a control group. The TOEIC data used at the experiment were the practical grammatical sentences which have various kinds of tense forms The result of this study is that the program is effective for the students’ understanding of a TOEIC listening part and the degree of effectiveness differs depending on the students’ individual efforts and their grammatical knowledge of English. This means that the first step to study English in an EFL environment is to practice dictation of grammatical sentences of English.
Choo, Young-Kug,Choi, Hee-Gon,Kim, Jin-Kyung,Kwak, Dong-Hoon,Cho, Jung-Ran,Kim, Ji-Yeoun,Kim, Byung-Jin,Jung, Kyu-Yong,Choi, Bong-Kyu,Shin, Min-Kyo The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2002 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.25 No.2
A high molecular ar weight water-soluble chitosan (WSC) with an average molecular weight of 300 kD and a deacethylation level of over 90% was produced using a simple multi-step-membrane separation process. It is known that WSC prevents obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Consequently, this study investigated whether or not WSC improved the ovarian dysfunction caused by obesity in mice. The mice were fed a high density protein and lipid diet for weeks, followed by the administration of WSC at 480 mg/kg body weight per day for 4 days. Thereafter, the changes in body weight, ovulation rate, in vivo and in vitro fertilization and emboryonic development were measured . WSC markedly reduced the body weight of obese mice fed with a high-fat diet, but not in mice fed with a normal diet. WSC had siginificant effects on the ovulation rate, both the in vivo and in vitro fertilization rates and embryonic development. These results indicate an improvement in the ovarian and oviduct dysfunction caused by obesity, and suggest an adjustment in the internal secretions and metabolic functions.
Differential Distribution of Ganglioside GM3 in Seminiferous Tubule and Epididymis of Adult Rats
Jung, Kyu-Yong,Kim, Bo-Hyun,Cho, Mi-Ran,Kim, Hyoung-Min,Lee, Young-Choon,Kim, Cheorl-Ho,Kim, Jin-Kyeoung,Kim, Byung-Jin,Choo, Young-Kug The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2001 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.24 No.4
Gangliosides are ubiquitous membrane components in mammalian cells and are suggested to play important roles in various functions such as cell-cell interaction, adhesion, cell differentiation, growth control and signaling. Among all ganglio-series gangliosides, GM3 has the simplest carbohydrate structure, and has been shown as a major gangliosides, in male reproductive system. To study GM3 distribution in the seminiferous tubule and epididymis, frozen sections were stained with specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) against ganglioside GM3. In the seminiferous tubule of testis, pachytene spermatocytes and spermmatids expressed ganglioside GM3, but not in spermatogonia and sertoli cells. Spermatogonia and sertoli cells near the basement membrane were negatively reacted to anti-GM3. In the epididymis, GM3 was expressed only in some interstitial cells. Taken togethers, these results suggest that the expression of ganglioside GM3 in rat seminiferous tubule and epididymis is spatio-temporally regu lated during spermatogenesis.