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Acetic acid production by the two-step thermal treatment of tobacco filter
Byeongcheol Lee,Huijeong Kim,Woo-Bin Lee,Young-Min Kim 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.29 No.3
The thermolysis of waste tobacco filters (WTFs) was carried out and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The WTFs showed four distinctive derivative TG (DTG) peaks. Such distinctive DTG curves were indicative of the thermal desorption of triacetin (< 220°C), thermal desorption of glycerol tricaprylate (221–270°C), decomposition of cellulose acetate (CA, 281–400°C), and char stabilization (> 400°C). The activation energy (E<SUB>a</SUB>) (223–279 kcal kg<SUP>-1</SUP>) in the additives desorption region (220–270°C) were higher than those (169 ± 5.1 kcal kg<SUP>-1</SUP>) from the WTFs at the main decomposition region of CA (281–400°C). Py-GC/MS suggested that a large amount of acetic acid (AA, 33.0 wt.%) was recovered as the major pyrogenic product stemming from WTF. An increase in AA purity up to 76.2% (except for CO₂) was achieved in the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Py step at 400°C after eliminating the non-target chemicals (nicotine, triacetin, glycerol tricaprylate, and 2-(decanoyloxy)propane-1,3-diyl dioctanoate) through the 1<SUP>st</SUP> thermal desorption (TD) step to 300°C.
도축장 출하 직장협착 돼지에서 분리된 살모넬라균 혈청형 및 항생제 감수성
Jiyeon Kim,Jinju Gwak,Doori Seo,Jaegi Lee,Daewoong Lim,Hana Kim,Jiyeong Park,Jongwoog Choi,Byeongcheol Yoon 한국동물위생학회 2023 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.46 No.2
From November 2021 to October 2022, 151 pigs were discarded due to the suspected salmonellosis, when assessed by antemortem inspection at slaughterhouses in Gwangju. Among them, 85 cases shown with the rectal stricture were confirmed to be infected with Salmonella spp, when assessed by postmortem inspection and Salmonella -oriented culture in the laboratory, accounting for 56.3% of the carcass discard cases. Salmonella spp. were isolated in 58 cases (68.2%) out of 85 total discard cases. As for serotyping of the Salmonella isolates, 28 cases (48.3%) belonged to serogroup B and 28 cases (48.3%) belonged to serogroup C, those were the most frequent isolates, and 2 cases (3.4%) belonged to serogroup E. The most prevalent serotype was Rissen (39.7%), followed by I4,[5],12:i:- (37.9%), Derby (8.6%), Bareilly (5.2%), Infantis (3.4%), Give (3.4%), and Typhimurium (1.7%). The 58 isolates of salmonellae showed resistance to tetracycline (63.8%), chloramphenicol (56.9%), ampicillin (53.4%), and ampicillin-sulbactam (51.7%). S . Rissen showed resistance to chloramphenicol (82.6%), ampicillin (52.2%), ampicillin-sulbactam (52.2%), and tetracyclin (47.8%). S . I4,[5],12:i:- was resistant to tetracycline (90.9%), ampicillin (81.8%), ampicillin-sulbactam (77.3%), and chloramphenicol (59.1%). Among the isoates, S . Bareilly (3 strains), S . Infantis (2 strains), S . Give (2 strains), S . Rissen (3 strains), and S . I4,[5],12:i:- (1 strain) showed no resistance to the tested antimicrobials. As for the prevalence of the antibiotic resistance pattern, AM-SAM-TE-C was the most common, which was shown in 15.5% of S . Rissen. At second, the resistance pattern was occurred as AMSAM— TE (12.1%) and AM-SAM-CF-CZ-FOX-CTX-NA-TE-C (12.1%), respectively in the case of S . I4,[5],12:i:-.
Landsat 8/9 및 Sentinel-2 A/B를 이용한 울진 산불 피해 탐지: 다양한 지수를 기반으로 다시기 분석
김병철 ( Byeongcheol Kim ),이경일 ( Kyungil Lee ),박선영 ( Seonyoung Park ),임정호 ( Jungho Im ) 대한원격탐사학회 2022 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.38 No.5
본 연구에서는 Landsat 8/9 OLI와 Sentinel-2 MSI 위성 영상을 활용한 다시기 영상 데이터를 이용하여 다양한 분광 지수를 기반으로 국내 산불 피해 면적 탐지 정확도를 분석하였다. 2022년 3월 경상북도 울진에서 발생하였던 산불을 대상으로 Difference Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), Relative Difference Normalized Burn Ratio (RdNBR), Burned Area Index (BAI) 등의 지수를 활용하여 산불피해 면적 탐지에 활용하였다. 비교적 높은 공간 해상도를 가진 Sentinel-2 영상을 기반으로 참조 자료를 제작하였다. 총 6개의 지수 산출물을 기반으로 Sentinel-2, Landsat 8/9으로 총 4개 위성에 대해 산불 피해 정확도를 각각 분석하였다. Landsat 8/9과 Sentinel-2는 각각 16일, 10일 주기로 영상을 제공하고 있지만 구름으로 인해 영상 취득에 어려움이 많은 편이며, 우리나라는 4월부터 식생의 생장이 시작되어 봄철 산불 피해 분석 시 산불발생 전후 영상을 활용하는 경우 식생의 생장으로 인한 변화가 커서 정확도 높은 탐지에 어려움이 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 2월에서 5월까지의 다시기 Landsat 8/9과 Sentinel-2 영상 중 같은 날짜를 기반의 영상을 서로 사용하여 시간해상도의 한계를 극복하고 탐지 정확도가 상대적으로 높은 지수를 비교 분석했다. 본 연구 결과는 한국형 산불피해 탐지 지수/모델 개발을 위한 입력 자료 등으로 활용되어 최적화된 산불 지수를 기반으로 정확도 높은 산불 피해 면적 탐지에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study evaluates the accuracy in identifying the burned area in South Korea using multitemporal data from Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat 8/9 OLI. Spectral indices such as the Difference Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), Relative Difference Normalized Burn Ratio (RdNBR), and Burned Area Index (BAI) were used to identify the burned area in the March 2022 forest fire in Uljin. Based on the results of six indices, the accuracy to detect the burned area was assessed for four satellites using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8/9, respectively. Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8/9 produce images every 16 and 10 days, respectively, although it is difficult to acquire clear images due to clouds. Furthermore, using images taken before and after a forest fire to examine the burned area results in a rapid shift because vegetation growth in South Korea began in April, making it difficult to detect. Because Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8/9 images from February to May are based on the same date, this study is able to compare the indices with a relatively high detection accuracy and gets over the temporal resolution limitation. The results of this study are expected to be applied in the development of new indices to detect burned areas and indices that are optimized to detect South Korean forest fires.
김병철(Byeongcheol Kim),김창진(Changjin Kim),윤성철(Sungcheol Yun),한경숙(Kyungsook Han) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2018 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.23 No.12
In this paper, we implemented a static analysis tool for weakness. We implemented on JavaCC using syntax information and control flow information among various information. We also tested the performance of the tool using Juliet-test suite on Eclipse. We were classified using information necessary for diagnosis and diagnostic methods were studied and implemented. By mapping the information obtained at each compiler phase the security weakness, we expected to link the diagnostic method with the program analysis information to the security weakness. In the future, we will extend to implement diagnostic tools using other analysis information.
김병철(Byeongcheol Kim),권영미(Youngmi Kwon),김기응(Kieung Kim),유재형(Jae-Hyoung Yoo) 대한전자공학회 2007 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.11
This paper proposes and implements the remote control system using separate console network. Console network provides a detour way to target system, so even when the main networking facilities are malfunctioning, remote control system can diagnose and fix the problem. In addition, the proposed system can control the power on/off of the remote devices. This system improves time and cost in remote control and management.