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Whitney H. Blanchard 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2012 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11
The purpose of the paper is to serve as a review of current research and development ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) projects and other activities in the United States. The U.S. Navy and the U.S. Department of Energy funded a number of OTEC projects primarily from Fiscal Year 2008 ? 2010; and since 2008, there has been over $20 M invested in OTEC technology development from the Federal Government. Major research and development projects include: system designs for OTEC pilot facilities, an onshore heat exchanger test facility, cold water pipe susbsystem component developments, OTEC resource assessments, and potential environmental impacts (e.g., biological impacts from OTEC discharge plumes and intake pipes). There have also been private indsutry advancements from OTEC companies pursuing commericial OTEC systems in Hawai’i and abroad.
Introduction to the Special Issue
( Jean-marc F. Blanchard ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2016 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.40 No.4
There is a relative dearth of research on China-Latin America political economic relations, especially where Chinese outward foreign direct investment (COFDI) is concerned. In my introductory article, I aim to enrich our knowledge about how external and internal political and economic factors interact to shape Sino- Latin American links. I offer background information on Chinese investment in Latin America, identify several analytical questions that have arisen in conjunction with COFDI in Latin America, and specify some of the key findings of the other articles in this special issue. The contributors indicate that COFDI and other Sino- Latin American economic ties may not be dramatically reshaping host country foreign policies toward China, that positive political relations are not sufficient to ensure smooth economic relations or growing COFDI, and that the activities of Chinese firms in Latin America may be shaped by the host country`s institutional environment and their own operational interests rather than by any dictates from Beijing.
Contemplating Chinese Foreign Policy: Approaches to the Use of Historical Analysis
Jean-Marc F. Blanchard,Kun-Chin Lin 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2013 Pacific Focus Vol.28 No.2
Many have contemplated Chinese foreign policy and its future direction, but few have queried how Chinese history might illuminate both. This is unfortunate since researchers have shown that history can influence foreign policy agendas, discourses, and national goals. Moreover, it provides an invaluable tool for comparative analysis. The purpose of this introduction is to provide historical background to the articles comprising this special issue, whose contributors employ historical analysis, with the period preceding and following the Xinhai Revolution as a basis, to illuminate contemporary Chinese foreign policy – e.g., China’s interest in remaking the international order and its security norms – or to suggest differences between past and present – for example, in regards to China’s Asia–Pacific posture. This introduction also hopes to stimulate further work on Chinese history and foreign policy by highlighting similarities and differences between past and present with respect to, inter alia, pressures against China’s territorial integrity, sovereignty,and independence, the penetration of foreign actors and ideas into China, and domestic factors limiting China’s efforts to filter external influences and to respond to them.
Thinking Hard About Soft Power: A Review and Critique of the Literature on China and Soft Power
( Jean-marc F. Blanchard ),( Fujia Lu ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2012 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.36 No.4
This article critically reviews the literature on China and soft power. Among other themes, it tackles the conceptualization and operationalization of soft power, measurement of the effectiveness of Chinese soft power, and the analysis of variables that intervene between China`s soft-power tools, realized images, and policy influence results.
Oxytocin receptor knockout mice display deficits in the expression of autism-related behaviors
Pobbe, R.L.H.,Pearson, B.L.,Defensor, E.B.,Bolivar, V.J.,Young, W.S.,Lee, H.J.,Blanchard, D.C.,Blanchard, R.J. Academic Press 2012 Hormones and behavior Vol.61 No.3
A wealth of studies has implicated oxytocin (Oxt) and its receptors (Oxtr) in the mediation of social behaviors and social memory in rodents. It has been suggested that failures in this system contribute to deficits in social interaction that characterize autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the current analyses, we investigated the expression of autism-related behaviors in mice that lack the ability to synthesize the oxytocin receptor itself, Oxtr knockout (KO) mice, as compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates. In the visible burrow system, Oxtr KO mice showed robust reductions in frontal approach, huddling, allo-grooming, and flight, with more time spent alone, and in self-grooming, as compared to WT. These results were corroborated in the three-chambered test: unlike WT, Oxtr KO mice failed to spend more time in the side of the test box containing an unfamiliar CD-1 mouse. In the social proximity test, Oxtr KO mice showed clear reductions in nose to nose and anogenital sniff behaviors oriented to an unfamiliar C57BL/6J (B6) mouse. In addition, our study revealed no differences between Oxtr WT and KO genotypes in the occurrence of motor and cognitive stereotyped behaviors. A significant genotype effect was found in the scent marking analysis, with Oxtr KO mice showing a decreased number of scent marks, as compared to WT. Overall, the present data indicate that the profile for Oxtr KO mice, including consistent social deficits, and reduced levels of communication, models multiple components of the ASD phenotype. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Social Behavior.