Atomistic simulations to study crack tip behaviour in single crystal of bcc niobium and hcp zirconium

Avinash Parashar,Divya Singh,Pankaj Sharma,Sahil Jindal,Prince Kumar,Avinash Parashar 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.1

In this article, molecular dynamics based simulations were carried out to study the fracture toughness of single crystals of niobium (Nb) and zirconium (Zr). Separate set of simulations were performed with different orientations of crack plane in Nb and Zr. In each case, efforts were made to align the crack front with principal planes of corresponding crystal structure, that was bcc for Nb and hcp for Zr. Deformation in single crystal of Nb and Zr was governed either by twinning or emergence of dislocations from the crack tip and surfaces. The deformation mechanism in single crystal of Nb and Zr also helps in governing the overall toughness of the material, while deforming via twinning leads to higher change in the crack length, whereas dislocations emerging from the crack tip blunts the opening and improves the toughness.

An Unusual Case of Simultaneous Cricoid and Thyroid Cartilage Metastases from Prostatic Adenocarcinoma on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT

Avinash Tupalli,Nishikant Avinash Damle,ArunRaj Sreedharan Thankarajan,Bharadwaj Srinivas Mangu,Arunav Kumar,Dikhra Khan,Sambit Sagar,Chandrasekhar Bal 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.1

Although prostate cancer can metastasize to any part of the body, laryngeal cartilage metastasis is extremely rare and few cases have been published so far. Here we present the case of a 65-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma, referred for staging with 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT. He was found to have extensive skeletal metastasis along with cartilage metastasis involving both thyroid and cricoid cartilages.

Investigation of molten fuel coolant interaction phenomena using real time X-ray imaging of simulated woods metal-water system

Avinash Kumar Acharya,Anil Kumar Sharma,Ch.S.S.S. Avinash,Sanjay Kumar Das,Lydia Gnanadhas,B.K. Nashine,P. Selvaraj 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.7

In liquid metal fast breeder reactors, postulated failures of the plant protection system may lead toserious unprotected accidental consequences. Unprotected transients are generically categorized astransient overpower accidents and transient under cooling accidents. In both cases, core meltdown mayoccur and this can lead to a molten fuel coolant interaction (MFCI). The understanding of MFCI phenomenais essential for study of debris coolability and characteristics during post-accident heat removal. Sodium is used as coolant in liquid metal fast breeder reactors. Viewing inside sodium at elevatedtemperature is impossible because of its opaqueness. In the present study, a methodology to depict MFCIphenomena using a flat panel detector based imaging system (i.e., real time radiography) is brought outusing a woods metal-water experimental facility which simulates the UO2-Na interaction. The developedimaging system can capture attributes of the MFCI process like jet breakup length, jet front velocity,fragmented particle size, and a profile of the debris bed using digital image processing methods likeimage filtering, segmentation, and edge detection. This paper describes the MFCI process and developedimaging methodology to capture MFCI attributes which are directly related to the safe aspects of a sodiumfast reactor.

Recognizing the importance of physical activity on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease - Reply

Avinash Kumar Dubey,Jayaprakash Sahoo,Sreejith Parameswaran, Priyamvada PS 대한골다공증학회 2022 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.8 No.1

A New Methodology for Software Reliability based on Statistical Modeling

Avinash S,Y.Srinivas,P.Annan naidu International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.9

Reliability is one of the computable quality features of the software. To assess the reliability the software reliability growth models(SRGMS) are used at different test times based on statistical learning models. In all situations, Tradational time-based SRGMS may not be enough, and such models cannot recognize errors in small and medium sized applications.Numerous traditional reliability measures are used to test software errors during application development and testing. In the software testing and maintenance phase, however, new errors are taken into consideration in real time in order to decide the reliability estimate. In this article, we suggest using the Weibull model as a computational approach to eradicate the problem of software reliability modeling. In the suggested model, a new distribution model is suggested to improve the reliability estimation method. We compute the model developed and stabilize its efficiency with other popular software reliability growth models from the research publication. Our assessment results show that the proposed Model is worthier to S-shaped Yamada, Generalized Poisson, NHPP.

Facile synthesis of nanostructured n-type SiGe alloys with enhanced thermoelectric performance using rapid solidification employing melt spinning followed by spark plasma sintering

Avinash Vishwakarma,Sivaiah Bathula,Nagendra S. Chauhan,Ruchi Bhardwaj,Bhasker Gahtori,Avanish K. Srivastava,Ajay Dhar 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.12

SiGe alloy is widely used thermoelectric materials for high temperature thermoelectric generator applications. However, its high thermoelectric performance has been thus far realized only in alloys synthesized employing mechanical alloying techniques, which are time-consuming and employ several materials processing steps. In the current study, for the first time, we report an enhanced thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT)∼1.1 at 900 °C in ntype Si80Ge20 nano-alloys, synthesized using a facile and up-scalable methodology consisting of rapid solidification at high optimized cooling rate∼3.4×107 K/s, employing melt spinning followed by spark plasma sintering of the resulting nano-crystalline melt-spun ribbons. This enhancement in ZT>20% over its bulk counterpart, owes its origin to the nano-crystalline microstructure formed at high cooling rates, which results in crystallite size ∼7 nm leading to high density of grain boundaries, which scatter heat-carrying phonons. This abundant scattering resulted in a very low thermal conductivity ∼2.1 Wm−1K−1, which corresponds to ∼50% reduction over its bulk counterpart and is amongst the lowest reported thus far in n-type SiGe alloys. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, based on which the enhancement in their thermoelectric performance has been discussed.

Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4

Avinash Kumar Dubey,Jaya Prakash Sahoo,Balasubramaniyan Vairappan,Sreejith Parameswaran,Priyamvada PS 대한골다공증학회 2021 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.7 No.4

Objectives: There is limited literature on the prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in the Indian predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. The current study attempts to characterize sarcopenia in CKD stages 3 & 4 using 3-compartment model dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: This is secondary data from a randomized trial on bicarbonate supplementation for preserving muscle mass. A 3-compartment DXA was done to assess body composition in 188 subjects aged 18 to 65, with stable kidney function. Sarcopenia was defined by Asian Working Group criteria - appendicular skeletal mass index < 5.4 kg/㎡ in women and < 7 kg/㎡ in men. Results: Sarcopenia was present in 69.1% (n = 130). There was no difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia in CKD stage 3 (n = 62; 72.1%) vs CKD stage 4 (n = 68, 66.7%); P = 0.434. A lower body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.43, 2.01) and lower bicarbonate levels (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.02, 1.47), and age (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91, 0.98) was independently associated with the muscle mass. A BMI cut-off of 18 failed to identify sarcopenia in 78.4% (n = 102) subjects (Kappa statistic 0.396). The receiver operating characteristic curve for mid-arm muscle circumference for identifying sarcopenia was 0.651 (95% CI 0.561, 0.740). Conclusions: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in CKD 3 and 4. Sarcopenic individuals are older, with a low BMI and lower bicarbonate levels. The anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters did not help identify sarcopenia in the predialysis population.

Microencapsulation using aqueous dispersion of lipid matrix by fluidized bed processing technique for stabilization of choline salt

Avinash B. Gangurde,Ritesh A. Fule,Sharadchandra D. Javeer,Rahul K. Patole,Jaywant N. Pawar,Purnima D. Amin 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.2

Choline bitartrate (CBT) is a water solubleessential nutrient belongs to vitamin-B family. It is moisturesensitive in nature and marketed formulation has stabilityrelated problems during storage which curtails itseffectiveness. Waxes such as hydrogenated soya bean oil(HSO) reported to be an excellent coating carrier to reducemoisture sensitivity or hygroscopic nature of drug candidates. However, literature dictates HSO applications hasbeen explored mostly using non-aqueous methods or hotmelt techniques of formulation development. In this work,microparticles of choline bitartrate with aqueous coatingdispersion of HSO as primary carrier was successfullydeveloped using fluidized bed coating technique. Aqueousdispersion of HSO was prepared using selected binder in ahomogenizer and formed aqueous dispersion was thensprayed through 0.8 mm gun in fluidized bed processor. The microparticles were evaluated for parameters like flowproperties, morphological characteristics, drug content,encapsulation efficiency and drug release behaviour. Thesolid state characterization of optimized microparticlebased formulation was done by differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy andscanning electron microscopy. The results showed thatmicroencapsulation of choline bitartrate were successfullydone by aqueous wax coating dispersion without using anyorganic solvent or hot melt techniques. Discolouration,fishy odour and drug content variation was not observedafter 6 months stability studies. Choice of proper carrier todrug ratio and selective formulation technique are criticalparameters for dispensing CBT microparticle based formulationwhich might significantly enhance itseffectiveness.

Antibacterial Principles from Myristica fragrans Seeds

Avinash S. Dhake,Balasubramanian Narasimhan 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.3

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is used in food preparations for its aromatic flavor. The present investigation wasundertaken to evaluate the antibacterial activity of constituents of M. fragransseeds. Seeds of M. fragranswere powderedand extracted with chloroform to obtain trimyristin, which on saponification yielded myristic acid. The mother liquor re-maining after separation of trimyristin was concentrated and column-chromatographed with petroleum ether to separate myris-ticin. Antibacterial activity of these isolated constituents was evaluated by determination of minimum inhibitory concentra-tion against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. All the constituents isolated from nutmeg exhibited goodantibacterial activity. This study shows the potential of natural compounds in replacement of synthetic preservatives.

Cement Augmentation of Dynamic Hip Screw to Prevent Screw Cut Out in Osteoporotic Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Case Series

Avinash Kumar Rai,Rajesh Goel,Chirag Bhatia,Sumer Singh,Srikiran Thalanki,Ashwin Gondane 대한고관절학회 2018 Hip and Pelvis Vol.30 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe a method of inserting cement in the femoral head before fixation with dynamic hip screw to prevent screw cut out due to osteoporosis and to evaluate its clinical outcome in these patients. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 30 patients aged 60 years and older with intertrochanteric fracture were included. Bone mineral density was measured. After reaming of the femoral head and neck with a triple reamer and polymethyl methacrylate, bone cement was introduced into the femoral head using a customized nozzle and a barrel fitted on a cement gun. A Richard screw was inserted and the plate was fixed over the femoral shaft. Patients were mobilized and clinical outcomes were rated using the Salvati and Wilson’s scoring system. Results: More patients included in this study were between 66 and 70 years old than any other age group. The most common fracture according to the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification was type 31A2.2 (46.7%). The T-score was found to be –2.506±0.22 (mean±standard deviation); all patients were within the range of –2.0 to –2.8. The duration of radiological union was 13.67±1.77 weeks. Salvati and Wilson’s scoring at 12 months of follow up was 30.96±4.97. The majority of patients were able to perform their normal routine activities; none experienced implant failure or screw cut out. Conclusion: Bone cement augmentation may effectively prevent osteoporosis-related hardware complications like screw cut out in elderly patients experiencing intertrochanteric fractures.