지식기반 사회의 평생교육: UP 방송통신 대학에서의 새로운 경향을 중심으로

Alexander APEC국제교육협력원 2009 국제교육협력연구지 Vol.2 No.2

본 연구는 신흥 글로벌 대학교로써 필리핀 대학의 가상 캠퍼스이자 5번째 구성 단위인 필리핀 개방대학(UPOU)을 중심으로 지식기반 시대의 평생교육에 관한 새로운 경향에 대해 조사한 연구이다.필리핀 개방대학(UPOU)의 경험을 기반으로 본다면, 평생 학습은 본래 온라인 학습의 영향을받을 것임이 분명하다. 새로운 시대의 온라인 학습은 확장적이며 학습자 중심이 될 것이다. 그것은 교수자와 튜터의 개념을 멘토와 코치의 개념으로 대체할 것이다. 게다가 신 시대에서의평생 학습은 지리학적, 규율적, 그리고 유형적 경계간의 흔들림을 보여 줄 것이다. 국제어로서의 영어에 대한 통용 등으로 초국가적 교육이 더욱 지배적일 것이다. 또한 지식 분야간 경계들은 허물어질 것이다. 특정 노동시장의 요구를 반영한 특별한 프로그램의 형태를 지닌 초지식적융합교육이 부상하게 될 것이다. 직업교육의 기초, 고등, 기술 교육과 같이 형식적 교육, 비형식적 교육 그리고 무형식 교육 간의 엄격한 경계들은 이러한 교육의 형태들 사이의 밀접한 소통에 따라 이제는 허물어질 것이다. 더욱이 프로그램들은 다양한 시작점과 종료점을 보일 것이다.자유입학제도, 자유 교육기간, 그리고 학습자원에 대한 공개 등과 같은 교육관리적 접근에서 뚜렷하게 나타날 개방교육은 또 하나의 새로운 경향이다. 게다가 유비쿼터스 환경은 평생 학습에서 주요 경향이 될 것이다. 학습은 넷북과 이동전화와 같은 단말기와 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 그리고WiFi와 WiMAX 서비스 등을 통해서 언제 어디서든 일어날 수 있는 것이다.마지막으로, 본 연구지를 통해 평생 학습 수요자들의 변화에 관한 이야기를 나누고자 한다. 이전에는 평생 학습의 기회들이 교육에의 접근이 근본 이슈였던 외곽 지역의 극빈자들을 위한 것이었다. 평생학습은 교육의 기회가 동등히 부여되지 않았던 소외층, 과년(過年)층, 그리고 여성들을 대상으로 하여왔다. 이제는 새로운 전달 체제의 결과로써 부유층, 전문가, 그리고 고등 교육자들이 소외층보다 더 많이 평생 학습의 기회를 활용하고 있다. This paper presents emerging perspectives on lifelong education in this new knowledge era from an emerging global university, the UP Open University, the fifth constituent unit and cyber campus of the University of the Philippines system. Based on UPOU’s experience, lifelong learning will primarily be influenced by online learning. Online learning in the new era will be scalable and learner-centered. It will make use of mentors and coaches instead of instructors and tutors. Furthermore, lifelong learning in the new era will see a blurring of geographical, disciplinal and modal boundaries. With the global adoption of a lingua franca, English, transnational education will become predominant. Boundaries between and among discipline will likewise dissolve. Transdisciplinary education in the form of specialized programs that address specific workplace needs will become the norm. Strict boundaries between formal, nonformal and informal education; between basic, higher and technical vocational education will cease to exist with the provision of ladders, bridges and pathways between these educational modes. Additionally, programs will have multiple entry points and exit points. Another emerging trend is Open Education, which may manifest itself in educational governance approaches such as: open admissions; open ended timeframes for programs; and open access learning resources. Additionally, ubiquity will become a major trend in lifelong learning. One can learn at any place in any time with: mobile devices such as netbooks and mobile phones; cloud computing; and WiFi/ WiMAX services. Lastly, the paper establishes the shift on lifelong learning clientele. Before lifelong learning opportunities were targeted at the poorest of the poor, living in remote areas, where access is a primary issue. Lifelong learning was for the marginalized, the overaged and women whose cultures denied them equal access. Now, as a result of the emerging delivery systems the well off, the professional and the advanced student now avail of lifelong learning opportunities more than the marginalized

Log-concavity and zeros of the Alexander polynomial

Alexander Stoimenow 대한수학회 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.2

We show that roots of log-concave Alexander knot polyno- mials are dense in C. This in particular implies that the log-concavity and Hoste’s conjecture on the Alexander polynomial of alternating knots are (essentially) independent.

LOG-CONCAVITY AND ZEROS OF THE ALEXANDER POLYNOMIAL

Stoimenow, Alexander Korean Mathematical Society 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.2

We show that roots of log-concave Alexander knot polynomials are dense in C. This in particular implies that the log-concavity and Hoste's conjecture on the Alexander polynomial of alternating knots are (essentially) independent.

Rate Capability of LiFePO₄ Cathodes and the Shape Engineering of Their Anisotropic Crystallites

Alexander, Bobyl,Sang-Сheol, Nam,Jung-Hoon, Song,Alexander, Ivanishchev,Arseni, Ushakov The Korean Electrochemical Society 2022 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.13 No.4

For cuboid and ellipsoid crystallites of LiFePO₄ powders, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopic (TEM) studies, it is possible to determine the anisotropic parameters of the crystallite size distribution functions. These parameters were used to describe the cathode rate capability within the model of averaging the diffusion coefficient D over the length of the crystallite columns along the [010] direction. A LiFePO₄ powder was chosen for testing the developed model, consisting of big cuboid and small ellipsoid crystallites (close to them). When analyzing the parts of big and small rate capabilities, the fitting values D = 2.1 and 0.3 nm²/s were obtained for cuboids and ellipsoids, respectively. When analyzing the results of cyclic voltammetry using the Randles-Sevcik equation and the total area of projections of electrode crystallites on their (010) plane, slightly different values were obtained, D = 0.9 ± 0.15 and 0.5 ± 0.15 nm²/s, respectively. We believe that these inconsistencies can be considered quite acceptable, since both methods of determining D have obvious sources of error. However, the developed method has a clearly lower systematic error due to the ability to actually take into account the shape and statistics of crystallites, and it is also useful for improving the accuracy of the Randles-Sevcik equation. It has also been demonstrated that the shape engineering of crystallites, among other tasks, can increase the cathode capacity by 15% by increasing their size correlation coefficients.

Evaluation of the impact of automated specimen inoculation using Previ Isola for stool cultures on quality and technical time of cultures

Alexander Mischnik,Marlies Trampe,Stefan Zimmermann 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.2

This erratum is being published to correct the printing error on pages 82 and 88 of the article entitled ‘Evaluation of the Impact of Automated Specimen Inoculation, Using Previ Isola, on the Quality of and Technical Time for Stool Cultures’ by Alexander Mischnik, Marlies Trampe, and Stefan Zimmermann in Ann Lab Med 2015;35:82-8, DOI 10.3343/alm.2015.35.1.82 as follows.

Macrofouling Communities in the Cooling System of the Vladivostok Heat and Power Plant

Alexander V. Moshchenko,Alexander Yu. Zvyagintsev 한국해양과학기술원 2010 Ocean science journal Vol.45 No.1

The composition, structure, and distribution of flora and fauna on hydraulic facilities in the cooling system of the Vladivostok combined heat and power plant-2 were studied in summer and autumn of 2001. Cluster analysis was applied to differentiate Balanus rostratus, Mytilus trossulus, Jassa marmorata,Crassostrea gigas + Balanus rostratus, Modiolus modiolus + Pachycheles stevensii, Hydroides ezoensis, and Amphibalanus improvisus communities. The groups of fouling organisms found on the studied objects were shown to be assigned both to “physically controlled” and “biologically balanced” benthic communities. This study stresses the high similarity between the fouling communities of anthropogenic substrata and natural intertidal and subtidal benthic communities from adjacent areas of Peter the Great Bay.

Accumulation and Decay of Macroscopic Correlations in Elementary Reactions Kinetics

Alexander B. Doktorov,Alexander A. Kipriyanov,Alexey A. Kipriyanov 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.3

In the present contribution the Encounter Theory (ET) (the prototype of the classical Collision Theory in rarefied gases) concepts for widely occurring diffusion assisted irreversible bulk reactions A + A → C and A + B → C in liquid solutions examined by the authors in the literature are analyzed and compared with each other for these different types of reactions. It is shown that for a particular case of equal initial concentrations [A]0 = [B]0 in the reaction A + B → C, when the kinetics of both reactions A + A → C and A + B → C in the framework of formal chemical kinetics and ET are the same, the accumulation of macroscopic correlations breaking the concepts of independent encounters and leading to the Generalized Encounter Theory (GET) are drastically different. The influence of the force interaction and the decay of nonstable reactants on the time behavior the macroscopic correlations is also briefly discussed.

Interaction between UN and CdCl2 in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic. II. Experiment at 1023 K

Alexander Zhitkov,Alexei Potapov,Kirill Karimov,Anna Kholkina,Vladimir Shishkin,Alexander Dedyukhin,Yury Zaykov 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2

The interaction between UN and CdCl2 in the LiCleKCl molten eutectic was studied at 1023 K. Thechlorination was monitored by sampling and recording the redox potential of the medium. At 1023 K thechlorination of UN with cadmium chloride in the molten LiCleKCl eutectic proceeds completely andresults in the formation of uranium chlorides. The melts of the LiCleKCleUCl3 or LiCleKCleUCl4 compositions can be obtained by the end of experiment depending on the presence of metallic cadmium inthe reaction zone. The higher the concentration of the chlorinating agent, the faster the reaction rate. At[CdCl2]/[UN] ¼ 1.65 (10% excess) the reaction proceeds to completion in about 7.5 h. At [CdCl2]/[UN] ¼ 7the complete chlorination takes 2.5e3 h.

Investigating the Competitiveness of the Russian Oilfield Services Market

Alexander N. Semin,Vadim V. Ponkratov,Alexander A. Sokolov,Olga V. Lenkova,Andrey S. Pozdnyaev 대한산업공학회 2019 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.18 No.3

Amidst the worldwide transformation of energy markets, competition in the global oil services sector has intensified, exposing the Russian oilfield services market to many challenges and risks. This study determines the ranking of the Russian oil services market at the global level. We employ expert assessments to identify relevant factors and indicators for evaluating competitive advantages in the oilfield industry. Using additive design and Saaty’s hierarchy analysis method, we determine the hierarchical structure of the factors influencing the development of oil services on the overall level of competitiveness of the oil services market. Using the integral analysis method, we develop a universal model for assessing competitiveness in the oilfield industry. Application of the model reveals that Russia ranked eighth among its main global competitors in 2017, and ranked ninth in terms of development growth rates for the period from 2007 to 2017. Practical implementation of the proposed measures can help monitor and address the major detrimental factors (i.e., decline in investments, high taxation, primitive technology, and high proportion of foreign service providers) affecting the development of Russia’s oilfield services market, the elimination of which may raise Russia’s status as an energy leader.

The problem of religious freedom in late imperial Russia: The case of Russian Baptists

Alexander Polunov 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2012 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.3 No.2

The paper deals with the development of the Baptist movements (Stundism and Pashkovism) in late Imperial Russia, their perception by the ecclesiastical and secular authorities, the measures undertaken by the Church and government in order to combat the Protestant sectarianism. Different approaches of the contemporaries to the religious dissent are being investigated. While the members of educated society, liberals and moderate conservatives viewed evangelical movements as a reflection of social changes in postreform Russia and a reaction to the shortcomings of the official Church, the ecclesiastical authorities treated the rise of evangelicalism as a result of the sectarians' “ignorance” and as a threat to the political and social order of Russia. When conservative tsar Alexander III ascended in 1881 to the throne, his former tutor and the Chief Procurator of the Holy Synod Constantine Pobedonostsev launched an energetic campaign against the heterodoxy based on a combination of repressive and educational measures. This campaign turned out to be a failure mostly due to passiveness of the official Church which was paralyzed by the strict control of the state. The position of the secular administration which was not eager to be drawn into religious struggle also hampered the attempts to combat the heterodoxy. Finally, the effective repressions against the sectarianism were paralyzed by the protests of the Senate, supreme juridical body of the Empire which had to overview the compliance with the law. Though the repressions against the Baptists were stopped in 1905, they made a negative impact on the Russia's development contributing to the sharpening of the social and political contradictions on the eve of revolution.