말지각 능력이 우수한 인공와우 착용 아동들의 조음 특성 : 정밀전사 분석 방법을 중심으로

장선아,김수진,신지영,Chang, Son-A,Kim, Soo-Jin,Shin, Ji-Young 대한음성학회 2007 말소리 Vol.62 No.-

The purpose of this study is 1) to investigate the phoneme inventories and phonological processes of cochlear implant(CI) children and 2) to describe their utterances using narrow phonetic transcription method. All ten subjects had more than 2 year-experience with CI and showed more than 85 % open-set sentence perception abilities. Average consonant accuracy was 81.36 % and it was improved up to 87.41% when distortion errors were not counted. They showed similar phonological processing patterns to HA or normal hearing children in some way as well as different phonological processing patterns from HA or normal hearing children. The prominent distortion error pattern was weakening of consonants. Every subject had his/her idiosyncratic error pattern that demanded his/her own individualized therapy program.

언어치료사의 취업과 이직현황에서 직무만족에 대한 실태조사

장선아(Son A Chang),박희영(Hee Young Park) 한국언어치료학회 2012 言語治療硏究 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current condition for the commencement of employment, change of employer, and job satisfaction of speech language therapists who graduated with a 4-year university degree and obtained a speech language therapy licence. The subjects were 70 alumni from a university located in Daejeon. Data was obtained by telephone interview and supplemented by email. Subjects were asked about general information on commencement, change of employer, and job satisfaction. Four subcategories of job satisfaction were defined as institute itself, job itself, job environment, and payment. The employment ratio was 94.3% and the turnover rate was 28.8%. The results showed no significant differences among the graduation years, the types of institutes, and the period of employment on job satisfaction. However, there were significant differences among the 4 subcategories of job satisfaction. The respondents were significantly less satisfied with their payment than the institute and the job itself in their first job. They were also significantly less satisfied with their payment than the job itself in change of employer. It is inferred from this information that there are general needs for the improvement in working environment and payment in the profession of speech language therapy.

운율 패턴, 강도, 신호대소음비에 따른 문장 지각 변화

장선아(Chang, Son-A),장은주(Jang, Eunjoo),장재진(Jang, Jaejin) 한국음성학회 2017 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.9 No.2

This study investigates how perception of easy sentences varies with prosody pattern, sound intensity, and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in young adults with normal hearing who were in their 20’s. The results showed that the presence of proper prosody pattern in the sentences increased correct perception rate of the target sentences, and that the lower the intensity and SNR, the lower the sentence perception scores. The results also showed that SNR had a greater effect on the sentence perception scores than sound intensity. There was a significant decrease of perception scores starting at the level of 15 dB and +3 SNR for the sentences with prosody pattern, while starting at the level of 18 dB and +6 SNR for the sentences without prosody pattern, ending up with a very poor perception score as sound intensity and SNR gets lower. There was a significant difference in the perception score of the sentences with prosody pattern between 20 year-old group and 21 year or older group in several listening conditions of sound intensity and SNR.

시각 및 청각장애 아동을 위한 효과적인 부모교육 방안 연구

장선아(Son A Chang),심희정(Hee Jeong Shim),고도흥(Do Heung Ko) 한국언어치료학회 2013 言語治療硏究 Vol.22 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate effective and updated parent education content for children with visual impairment and children with hearing impairment. The focus group interview (FGI) method was used to obtain information and opinions from specialists in the impairments and the parent groups. Subject groups consisted of three specialists and three parents for visual impairment, and four specialists and three parents for hearing impairment.The data indicated there were three categories of parent education content: characteristics and diagnosis of the disorders, early education and intervention, and support for the parents and families. These categories were divided into 10 subcatergories according to the visual and hearing impairment characteristics. The specialists and the parents showed similar as well as different points of view for the disorders. Visual impairment and hearing impairment are basically very different sensory disorders and therefore require different provisions for the development and intervention for children with the respective impairments. Intervention for the children with visual impairment focused on basic self-help skills and other sensory developments. On the other hand, intervention for the children with hearing impairment focused on the restoration and habilitation of hearing in accordance to early intervention programs. There were many more issues for the two sensory impairments including genetic counseling, assistive equipment, government support, and sibling issues.

정상아동과 말- 언어장애아동의 수용 및 표현 어휘력에 관한 연구

장선아(Son-A Chang),김향희(Hyanghee Kim) 한국언어청각임상학회 2001 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.5 No.2

본 연구에서는 수용어휘검사인 그림어휘력검사와 표현어휘검사인 한국판보스톤이름대기검사를 사용하여 2- 6세 정상아동들과 장애아동들의 한 단어 어휘능력에 대한 연령별, 장애별 비교 분석을 하였다. 전체 대상은 총 184명으로 정상아동 100명, 언어장애군아동 54명(LD 41, MR 13), 말장애군 아동 30명(조음장애 16, 말더듬 14)이었으며 표준화를 거친 아동규준을 분석에 이용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다: (1) 정상아동들의 수용 및 표현어휘는 대체적으로 매우 빠르게 증가하였으며, 표현어휘의 경우는 특히 2- 3세 및 3- 4세 사이에서 더욱 급성장하였다. (2) LD아동들은 정상아동 및 말장애군 아동들에 비해 2세 표현어휘를 제외하고 전 연령구간에서 유의미하게 낮은 점수를 보였으며, 인접한 연령구간 사이에 유의미한 점수차가 없이 전반적인 어휘의 증가가 아동규준의 절반 수준이었다. (3) 말장애군의 경우, 수용어휘상 3- 4세에서 무의미한 점수 차이를 보인 것을 제외하고는 전반적으로 정상아동들과 별 차이가 없었으며, 표현어휘는 4세 이후 그 증가가 둔화되었다. 그리고 (4) 수용어휘와 표현어휘간의 상관관계는 정상아동, LD아동, 조음장애아동 및 말더듬 아동 모두 높은 수준(.78- .90)이었으나 MR아동의 경우 .555로 비교적 낮은 수준을 보였다. 본 연구결과는 정상아동들과 장애아동들의 어휘발달 경향성을 파악하고 말- 언어장애의 선별에 어휘검사가 효과적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다. 앞으로 어휘검사에서의 오류 분석을 통해 중재 및 치료에 도움을 줄 수 있는 후속 연구가 요구된다. This study attempted to ex amine and compare receptive and expressive vocabulary abilities of children with speech and/ or language disorder s to normally developing children using the Korean Ver sion of Peabody Picture Vocabulary T est - Revised (PPVT -R) and the Korean Ver sion of Boston Naming T est (K- BNT ). The ages of the subject group of this study ranged from two to six year s. T hey were divided into 3 groups which included the normal group (100 cases ), the language disorder group (54 cases ), and the speech disorder group (30 cases ). T he speech and language disorder groups contained 2 subgroups , respectively : LD and MR for the language group, and articulation and stuttering for the speech group. The collected data were analyzed by a quantitative statistical method using SPSS 8.0. T he result s revealed the following : (1) receptive and expres sive vocabulary increased very rapidly in normally developing children in all ages while expres sive vocabulary spurt was observed at two- to- three- as well as three- tofour - year - olds ; (2) LD children s receptive and expressive vocabulary scores did not show any meaningful differences between adjacent age groups , which means slow growth . Compared to the normal and the speech groups their scores were about half except for expressive vocabulary ; (3)the speech disorder group showed a few differences in receptive vocabulary compared to the normal group. No statistical difference between three and four - year - olds was observed, whereas expres sive vocabulary lag was noted among the four - year s - old children and above; and, (4) the correlation between receptive and expres sive vocabulary was high (.78- .90) for the normal, LD, articulation , and stut - tering children. But , it was but relatively low among MR children . T his study may contribute in explaining the vocabulary development of normal and speech - language impaired children . It was also found that single-word vocabulary test s could be used as effective screening test s for speech - language disorder s. Furthermore, error analysis of vocabulary test result s is expected for efficient therapy and intervention.

그림자극의 동작성에 따른 2-3세 아동들의 초기 문장 수용 및 표현 능력

장선아(Son A Chang),이수연(Su Yeon Lee),정다혜(Da Hye Jeong),고형주(Houng Ju Ko) 한국언어치료학회 2016 言語治療硏究 Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: The easy sentences (Sentences for Infants and Toddlers, SIT) were tested on normally developing children aged two to three years to verify the adaptability of the sentences to children under three and the effect of the type of picture stimuli. Methods: A total of 32 children (five boys and three girls who were two years old and 18 boys and six girls who were three years old). Each of them was first tested with REVT and then SIT. SIT was conducted with expressive forms first and then receptive forms accompanied with picture stimuli which were either static or animated. Results: Both SIT and REVT showed significant differences between the two and three year olds in both receptive and expressive abilities. Second, correlation analysis showed a high correlation between SIT and REVT (0.662 receptive, 0.806 expressive) and the regression analysis of SIT revealed that the explanatory power of the two tests was 0.438 in the receptive test and 0.650 in the expressive test. Third, the internal reliability of the SIT was high (receptive 0.92, expressive 0.95). And fourth, animated picture stimuli did not increasing significantly in terms of percent correct in both R-SIT and E-SIT. Conclusions: The SIT differentiated the receptive and expressive abilities in two- and three-year-old children. It was highly correlated to the existing test, which can be used for children whose language age is about two to three years old. In addition, it is internally reliable. These results showed the usability of SIT for children with language difficulty

청각장애 영유아 의사소통 발달척도 개발을 위한 예비연구: 신뢰도와 타당도를 중심으로

장선아(Son A Chang),신수진(Sujin Shin),김현승(Hyun Seung Kim),황혜경(Hyekyung Hwang),박현영(Hyun-Young Park),오승하(Seung Ha Oh) 한국언어치료학회 2020 言語治療硏究 Vol.29 No.4

중국인 유학생의 한국어 어휘 능력 연구

장선아 ( Son A Chang ),박희영 ( Hee Young Park ),김문홍 ( Moon Hong Kim ) 대한언어학회 2014 언어학 Vol.22 No.4

This study was to analyze the Korean vocabulary proficiency of Chinese students who study at a university in Korea and to provide a discussion about Korean vocabulary acquisition of foreign students. 23 Chinese students participated in three tests for receptive and expressive Korean vocabulary abilities. The words in each test were classified by word-class (noun, verb, adjective), word-type (Sino-Korean word, loanword, native-Korean word), and difficulty level (beginner, intermediate, advanced) and compared with each other. Chinese students had significantly lower scores on the measure of expressive than receptive vocabulary and there was no significant difference between two receptive vocabulary tests. They had more difficulty comprehending (a) verbs than norms and adjectives, (b) native-Korean words than Sino-Koreans, and (c) advanced than intermediate words. They had more difficulty expressing (a) adjectives than norms and verbs, (b) Sino-Koreans than native-Korean words, and (c) intermediate and advanced than beginner words. Significant correlations were found between all the vocabulary measures and the length of residence in Korea. The period of learning Korean in Korea was significantly correlated only with expressive vocabulary proficiency. Our findings provided advanced information about Korean vocabulary acquisition in Chinese international students and underscored the need for various approaches to Korean vocabulary assessment and education.

Fragile X 증후군 환자들의 말 - 언어적 특징

장선아(Son-A Chang),이소영(So-young Lee),홍성도(Sung-Do Hong),이강우(Kang Woo Lee) 한국언어청각임상학회 1998 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.3 No.-

Fragile X 증후군은 Down 증후군 다음으로 빈번하게 정신지체를 일으키는 유전적 성염색체 결함이다. 본 연구는 이 증후군을 보유한 환자들에 대한 말- 언어 평가를 실시하여 말 및 언어적 특성을 알아보고 말- 언어 평가의 진단적 유용성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 6- 30세의 연령 범위를 갖는 6명의 환자들을 대상으로 전반적인 언어 및 말 능력을 측정하였다. 평가 결과 언어 능력 전반에 걸쳐서 심한 정도의 지체를 보였으며, 어휘력은 약 2- 4세 수준, 수용 및 표현 언어 능력은 약 1- 3세 수준이었다. 대부분의 환자들은 한 낱말 문장이 현저하였고, 3명의 환자에서 드물게 두세 낱말 문장이 나타났다. 그리고 대부분의 대상자들에서 화용적 능력의 결함이 나타났다. 환자들은 매우 약한 정도부터 중등도의 말실행증과 말반복증을 보였다. 빈도로 측정한 말반복증의 출현율은 3- 37 %였으나 이 때 목소리 크기의 감소가 모든 환자에게서, 말속도의 증가가 4명의 환자에게서 관찰되었다. 모든 환자에서 두드러진 불완전한 조음이 나타났으며 비유창성은 나타나지 않았다. 6명의 환자들 중 5명은 유전자 검사 후 본 평가에 의뢰되었고, 1명의 환자는 말- 언어 평가 결과 Fragile X가 의심되어 유전학적 검사로 추후에 확증된 경우여서 Fragile X 증후군의 진단 과정에 말- 언어 평가의 유용성이 시사된다. Fragile X syn drome is the s econd most common cau se of ment al r etardat ion nex t t o Down syn drome. T his study was at tempted t o des cribe lan gu ag e an d speech characteristics of patient s with fragile X. T he subject group of this study includes six pat ient s with full mut at ion fr agile X. Full speech - language ev alu at ion s were condu cted on each subject . In addit ion , languag e samples wer e analy zed in th e aspect s of semantics and pragmatics. Speech was observed with respect to dy spraxia, dy sfluency , palilalia, and incomplete articulation . T he result s of language an aly sis r ev ealed that all of the subject s wer e collect ed an d s ev er ely disordered: (1) v ocabulary lev el was compat ible with th at of two to four - y ear - old childr en , (2) lev el of recept iv e and ex pr es siv e language was that of one t o thr ee- y ear - old childr en , (3) their utt er an ces , con sist in g mostly of one word, wer e limit ed t o the semantic categories of entity or deictic , and (4) pragmatics was also extremely defect iv e in that a larg e part of th eir utt er an ces was r espon ses to y es/ no qu es - t ion s with spar se identification s . T he result s of the speech ev aluat ion showed that (1) incomplet e articulation was the most dominant feature, (2) palilalia was not iced quite frequently , (3) symptoms of dy spraxia varied rather widely spanning 3- 37 % of their ut terances , and (4) dy sfluen cy was n ot foun d at all. On th e basis of the r esult s , we conclu ded that a pat ient with fr agile X syndrome could be diagnosed ex clusively with a speech - language evaluation instead of expen sive neuro- behavior al t est s such a s a cyt og enet ic test.

Job Searching and Postings for Speech Language Pathologists in Korea

Son A Chang(장선아),Hyo Jung Kim(김효정),HyangHee Kim(김향희),Seong Hee Choi(최성희),BoMyung Hwang(황보명),Hee-June Park(박희준),Hyun Rin Park(박현린),Jaeock Kim(김재옥) 한국언어청각임상학회 2018 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.23 No.2

Objectives: In order to provide a fundamental understanding and prospective suggestions for the profession of speech-language pathology (SLP), job searching prospects were investigated via a review in the field, and job postings were analyzed based on advertisements posted on the Korean Association of Speech-Language Pathologists (KSLP) website. Methods: A total of 14 studies were reviewed to analyze the current status of job hunters and 1,326 job postings were analyzed. Results: The main focus of job searching literature had been on ‘job status’, ‘job description’, and ‘job satisfaction’. More specifically, ‘job location’, ‘employment facility’, and ‘salary/wage’ were the most frequently surveyed aspects. Most of the respondents were SLPs working in private practice or for service providers. Their ‘job satisfaction’ was higher than ‘wage satisfaction’. The job postings on the KASLP website contained information about ‘job location’, ‘employment facility’, ‘type of employment, working, and wage’ and ‘benefits’. Most of them were posted by private practice organizations or service providers located in big cities, and were primarily seeking temporary, part-time based, and/or revenue-sharing fee-based employees. Conclusion: Job searching and posting occurs primarily in the private practice or service provider context in cities. Currently 80% of the SLPs in Korea are in their 20’s and 30’s; the profession has flexible positions for those with professional expertise and provides a wide range of choices for employment in terms of types of facilities and work. There should be a constant effort to improve working condition as well as therapy quality in the SLP profession. 배경 및 목적: 본 연구는 언어재활사 교육과정 졸업생들의 구직 및 언어재활현장의 구인 현황을 파악하여 교육기관인 학교와 사회의 직업을 잇는 정책적 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 방법: 구직정보 파악을 위해 총 50여 편의 관련 논문들 중 분석에 적합한 14편을 분석하였으며, 구인정보 파악을 위해 2013년부터 5년간 한국언어재활사협회에 게시된 구인공고 2,853건 중 1,326건을 분석하였다. 결과: 구직연구에서는 ‘언어재활사 근무 실태’와 ‘언어재활 관련 요인들’, ‘직업 및 급여 만족도’ 정보를 주요하게 다루고 있었다. 특히 근무 지역, 근무기관 형태, 급여 관련 조사가 활발하게 이루어졌으며, 업무 만족도가 급여 만족도보다 높게 나타났다. 구인영역에서는 2013년 이후 매년 600여 건의 구인공고가 게시되어 왔으며 주로 겨울에 가장 많이 공고되었다. 지역으로는 서울/경기 지역에서, 근무기관 형태로는 사설 언어재활센터의 공고가 가장 많았다. 고용형태는 정규직보다 비정규직이 약간 많았으며, 근무형태는 전일제보다 시간제가 많았고, 급여형태는 연봉제보다 비율제가 높게 나타났다. 논의 및 결론: 구직과 구인 모두 대도시의 사설 언어재활센터가 가장 높은 비중을 차지하는 일관된 맥락을 보였다. 현재 주로 20-30대로 구성되어 있는 언어재활사 직종은, 근무형태의 자율성과 업무의 전문성을 가지고 다양한 근무기관을 선택할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 젊은 언어재활사들의 경력이 증가함에 따라 2012년 국가자격 법제화로 발전의 기틀을 다진 언어재활사의 직업안정성을 확보하기 위한 체계적인 노력이 필요하다.