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22Cr-5.5Ni-3Mo 이상계 스테인리스강 용접부의 응력부식균열 전파 특성
김충언,강춘식 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1988 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.26 No.2
The characteristics of SCC crack propagation in duplex stainless steel weldment made by SMAW GTAW and GMAW processes were investigated in 42% MgCl₂,142℃ boiling solution. From these experiments, it could be concluded that the strycture anisotrpy of y phase as well as the phase ratio played an important role in SCC resistance. GTA and GMA weld metal showed higher SCC resistance than base meta1 because of randomly distributed γ phase. The crack in weld metal had same opportunity of receiving keying effect as that in base metal, but it had less possibility of intersecting γ phase. The SCC resistance of the SMA weld metal and the HAZ was lower than that of the base metal because their phase ratio deviated from the proper phase ratio.
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이충언(Chung-Eun Lee) 한국산업경제학회 2013 산업경제연구 Vol.26 No.4
본 연구는 지방은행이 지역에 대한 신용공급 증가로 지역의 경제성장을 촉진시킨다는 주장에 대한 실증적인 검정을 시도하였다. 인과성검정, 패널분석 등을 통해 검정해 본 결과 우리나라에서 지역별 신용공급이 지역의 경제성장률에 유의한 영향을 미치지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 현상은 은행 신용과 비은행 신용으로 나누어 검정한 경우에도 동일하게 나타났다. 또한 금융기관의 신용공급이 경제성장에 미치는 영향력은 최근에 접어들수록 점점 더 약해지고 있다. 지방은행이 퇴출 또는 합병된 후 그 지역에서 자금공급이 줄어든 현상도 발견되지 않고 있다. 과거 투자자금이 절대적으로 부족했던 산업화 초기에는 많은 자금이 공급된 지역이 더 빠르게 성장할 수 있었다. 그러나 이제는 금융기관들이 개인대출에 치중한 정도로 자금이 풍부한 상태이기 때문에 자금 부족으로 유망한 사업이 추진되지 못하는 경우는 거의 없는 것으로 보인다. 이와 같은 상황의 변화가 자금공급과 지역의 경제성장간의 상관관계를 약화시킨 것으로 보인다. 이와 같은 점에서 지방은행의 필요성을 주장하기 위해서는 단순한 자금공급량의 차원을 넘어서는 논리가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 즉 관계금융과 같은 지역토착형 금융기법, 지역 금융시스템의 효율화 등과 같이 보다 질적인 부분에서 지역경제를 위한 지방은행의 역할을 찾을 필요도 있을 것이다. This study empirically investigates the claim that local banks increase credit supply for the region and promote the regional economic growth. The Granger causality test and the panel analysis show that the regional credit supply does not significantly affect the regional economic growth in Korea. These empirical results are same even if the credit supply is divided into bank credit and non-bank credit. In addition, the impact of credit supply on economic growth is weakened recently. The reduction of credit supply has not been found in that area where the local bank withdrawal or merger area. Credit supply enables the local economy to grow faster when the funds for investment is not enough in the market. Now, since credit is enough for the financial institutions to focus on the personal loan, there is little chance for the promising business fail to be financed. Such a change in the financial market is seemed to weaken the correlation between credit supply and regional economic growth. Thus, the logical reasons more than the supply of credit is needed to claim more local banks. The candidates may be the quality of finance such as relationship banking or the efficiency of the local banking system. It seems to be such, beyond the mere supply of funds in order to insist on the necessity of the local banks dimensional logic is needed. In other words, you will need to find the role of a local bank for the local economy than qualitative, such as indigenous to the region, such as the relationship between finance and financing techniques, the efficiency of the local banking system.
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배추흰나비 (Pieris rapae)의 변태에 따른 유충호르몬(JH)과 유충호르몬 에스테라제(JHE)의 활성도
이충언,안기흥,김유경,손흥대,이경로 한국곤충학회 1991 Entomological Research Vol.21 No.2
배추흰나비 (Pieris rapae)의 발생단계에 따른 유충호르몬 농도와 유충호르몬 특이 에스테라제의 활성도를 비교, 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 유충호르몬 농도(JH titer)는 4령 유충에서 23,500GU/g으로 가장 높게 나타난 반면 번데기 0일에는 1,100 GU/g으로 그 농도가 가장 낮았다. 2. 유충호르몬 특이 에스테라제(JHE)의 활성도는 종령 유충에서 증가하기 시작하여 번데기 0일에서 가장 높은 피이크인 3.5 n㏖/min/$m\ell$의 활성도를 나타냈다. 3. 유충호르몬 농도와 유충호르몬 특이 에스테라제의 활성도를 비교한 결과 서로 길항적 경향을 나타내 변태과정에서 두 생리활성물질의 특성을 나타냈다. 4. 변태기간 중 용화는 유충호르몬 농도의 감소시기와 일치하였다. The juvenile hormone (JH) titer and juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) activities of homogenates of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L. were measured at different developmental stages. JHE levels were monitored using JHI as a substrate while JH titer was measured by Galleria bioassay. The results obtained are as follows: The highest titer of JH was demonstrated at the 4th instar larvae and the lowest at the pupae 0 day. The JHE activity started to increase after the stage of 5th instar larvae and then reached the maximum at the pupae 0 day. In conclusion, the relationship between JH titer and JHE activity was shown to be inversely proportional.
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고등학교 생물과 교육과정에서 추구하는 목표와 (目標) 학력고사문제 (學力考査問題) 내객의 (內客) 비교
김충언 韓國生物敎育學會 1986 생물교육 Vol.14 No.2
Nowadays, everyone knows the importance of natural science education in the elementary school, junior and senior high school. It is true that many school-teachers of natural science exert all possible efforts to get a excellent result in science education. However one of the most important things is the preparation for the entrance examination to higher level education institutes. Therefore the contents of entrance examination must be in accordance with the objectives of natural science education which are regulated in the curriculum by the Ministry of Education. So in this article we have analysed the contents of items which have been see in university entrance examination after 1985, when the present curriculums were put into practice, and compared them with the objectives of biology education of present senor high schools curriculum. The results are as follows. The items of both subjects-$quot;BIO. I$quot; and $quot;BIO. II$quot;-in the entrance examination of 1987 educational year are successfully well suggested in respect of estimating the degree of achievement in the subject learning. So they are, as a whole, well accorded with the objective of the curriculum. On the other hand they seem to be somewhat unsatisfactory in respect of estimating the degree of systematic understanding of the $quot;basic concepts$quot;. However, we can find some defects in the items of entrance examination before 1986 educational year in following respect that the weights of subject contents were unevenly treated by the favour of suggesters. In addition, the problems of lowering and of simplication of the format still have rooms to be improved, Finally we can conclude that every suggester of entrance examination must have a good grasp of text contents of senior high school and of $quot;the curriculum$quot; before the setting of items.
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