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식물 플랑크톤과 박테리아에 대한 zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha ) 의 섭식효과 : 플랑크톤의 크기에 따른 선태적 섭식
황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 1996 생태와 환경 Vol.29 No.4
Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) grazing on natural planktonic communities from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, USA, were studied in July, August, and October, 1992. Mussels were collected from a eutrophic site and incubated in 41 bottles with oligotrophic and eutrophic water in an environmental chamber. Zebra mussels preferentially glazed phytoplankton smaller than 40㎛ (or < 1000㎛^3, biovolume), including diatoms, phototrophic nanoflagellates and small chlorophytes, reducing their biovolume by 80% to 100%. Mussels eliminated somewhat large phytoplankton (40∼200㎛ or < 10,000㎛^3) when they occurred as individual cells. Most large chlorophytes, colonial cyanophytes, and chrysophytes surrounded by a gelatinous layer (>20,000㎛^3) were not affected by mussels. As a result, the phytoplankton community was shifted towards larger inedible forms. Zebra mussel grazing on the phytoplankton community was greater at the oligotrophic site than at the eutrophic site due to more diverse composition and relatively low density of phytoplankton. Zebra mussels had a variable grazing effect on the bacterioplankton community, and appeared to have a greater effect on large bacteria(>1㎛). The results of this study indicate that zebra mussels select prey based on body size and can cause significant changes in phytoplankton composition when they are abundant.
섬강 수계에서 하천 형태복잡도와 토지이용, 수질 및 부착규조류 군집 분포와의 관계
황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2012 생태와 환경 Vol.45 No.1
This study examined the benthic diatom community distribution, land cover/use and water quality in relation to stream shape complexity (SSC) in the Seom River watershed. SSC showed a significant relation to the riparian land cover/use pattern and also water quality variables of the studied streams. Streams with high stream shape complexity (HSC) appeared to have a high proportion of forest and farmland, while streams having a low stream shape complexity (LSC) appeared to have high proportion of city. Streams with lower SSC showed higher nutrients concentration in the stream waters. Benthic diatom species composition and dominant species appeared to be similar regardless of SSC differences among the studied streams, while the variation of diatom density was manifested with SSC. The relative abundance of dominant benthic diatoms varied with SSC. Saprophilic diatoms were dominant in the streams of LSC, while saproxenic diatoms were dominant in the streams of HSC. During the evaluation of biological water quality using the benthic diatom indices, Trophic Diatom Index (TDI) and Diatom Assemblage Index to organic water pollution (DAIpo), the streams of LSC generally showed poorer water quality than those of MSC (Middle stream shape complexity) and HSC. In particular, BOD, TP, and PO4-P showed significant relationships with DAIpo. In conclusion, shape complexity of streams in the Seom River watershed showed a close relation with benthic diatom distribution. This relation seemed to primarily be resulted from the effect of proximate factors, such as water quality, which might be affected by the land use types determining the degree of SSC.
국내 담수산 조개의 섭식활동이 호수 수질에 미치는 영향
황순진(Soon Jin Hwang),김호섭(Ho Sub Kim),최광현(Kwang Hyun Choi),박정환(Jung Hwan Park),신재기(Jae Ki Shin) 한국하천호수학회 2002 생태와 환경 Vol.35 No.2
This study was conducted to compare filtering abilities of three species of freshwater mussels(Cobicula fluminea, Corbicula leana and Unio douglasiae) and to evaluate their filter feeding effects on water quality change in experimental enclosure systems. Mussel feeding in both laboratory and enclosure resulted in decrease of particulate material, such as chlorophyll, total P, SS. In the treatment with 600 individuals of mussels, chllorophyll concentration and net primary productivity decreased from 87.3±4.5㎍/ℓ and 106.3±8.8㎍C L^-1 hr^-1 to nearly the same level as the mussel-free enclosure(25.0±0.5㎍/ℓ and 15.6±13.3㎍C L^-1 hr^-1, respectively) (P<0.05, n=6, ANOVA). In concert with the decrease of chlorophyll concentration, not only was the transparency enhanced from 0.48m to 1.2m but also the suspended solids and total phosphorus decreased from 22.0±1.0㎎/ℓ to 7.5±0.5㎎/ℓ ad 133±0.8㎎/ℓto 70±0.0㎍/ℓ, respectively(P<0.001, r^2>0.71, n=11). Although slight decrease of SRP concentration and the increase of inorganic nitrogen(NH_3-N and NO_2-N) were observed in the mussel additon enclosure, there was no statistical difference between two enclosures. Based on the filtering rate on phytoplankton and nutrient release rate in forms of feces and pseudofeces, Corbicula leana appeared to be the most efficient filter-feeder among three mussel species. These results indicate that Corbicula play an important role in controlling particulate sestons and thus it could be applied as biocontroler for the water quality management in lakes and reservoirs with algal blooms.
몇 가지 여재를 이용한 부영양수 내의 조류 및 인 제거효과
황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 2012 생태와 환경 Vol.45 No.1
In this study, the four different filter media (sponge, volcanic stone, activated carbon and magnesium hydroxide) were tested for the removal of algae and phosphorus in the two eutrophic water samples (natural water and artificial algal culture with BG- 11 medium). These filter media were used in the column device as single or combined applications. The effect of the Mg(OH)2 on phosphorus removal was examined using different particle sizes (/2 mm and ¤2 mm) and concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 g L-1) of magnesium hydroxide. The removal efficiency of phosphate by magnesium hydroxide was increased with longer experimental time and higher concentration. However, there was no significant difference in the degree of phosphorus removal between any two particle sizes (1 mg P L-1: F=0.109, P=0.685; 10 mg P L-1: F=1.542, P=0.355). Among the four media, activated carbon showed the most potent effect on the removal of both algae and phosphorus. The highest removal efficiency of algae and phosphorus was obtained by combining four columns of each filter medium. Interestingly, integration of four filter columns showed higher removal efficiency than activated carbon alone. The highest removal efficiency by integrated filter columns seemed to be caused by a synergistic effect of combined activated carbon and magnesium hydroxide.