http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
황건,장석권,김사혁 한국경영과학회 1997 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.2
Subscriber network investment cost is a main cost element among those constituting the access charges in telephone networks. The purpose of this paper to estimate the investment cost of installing a subscriber network in a typical metropolitan area and to develop a cost modeling framework. To this aim, a metropolitan area in Seoul was investigated. The main cost elements were identified and their relationships with the cable technology, geographical characteristics, and the number of subscribers were analyzed. The findings could be used to design an enhanced cost proxy models for estimating the access charges in a multi-operator environment.
Relationship between Locations of Facial Injury and the Use of Bicycle Helmets: A Systematic Review
황건,전윤문,고영성,김연수 대한성형외과학회 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.4
The aim of this study is to review the protective effect of a bicycle helmet on each facial location systematically. PubMed was searched for articles published before December 12, 2014. The data were summarized, and the odds ratio (OR) between the locations of facial injury was calculated. A statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager (The Nordic Cochrane Centre). Bicycle helmets protect the upper and middle face from serious facial injury but do not protect the lower face. Non-wearers had significantly increased risks of upper facial injury (OR, 2.07; P<0.001) and of middle facial injury (OR, 1.97; P<0.001) as compared to helmet users. In the case of lower facial injury, however, only a slightly increased risk (OR, 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67–3.00, P=0.36) was observed. The abovementioned results can be attributed to the fact that a helmet covers the head and forehead but cannot cover the lower face. However, helmets having a chin cap might decrease the risk of lower facial injury.
학부 성형외과학 과목평가를 위한 짧은 사례문항의 개발과 시행: 3년간의 경험
황건,박준호,이세일 대한성형외과학회 2006 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.33 No.2
The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical competence of medical student using short case test items. Development of short case test items with definition of an assessment of subject, choice of clinical stations sampling, identification of components of clinical competence to be evaluated, and assessment of practicability and results exploitation. For the last three years 28, 48 and 30 topics were developed annually. Among them 20, 23 and 23 topics were selected. About 50 students were examined annually. The mean score was 72.7, 57.1, 64.3 respectively. The mean preparation time of the students for the examination was 9.8 hours. About 60% of the students prepared the test in small group activity. Our experience suggests that short case test items be feasible for evaluation of student learning in Plastic Surgery. This method should be considered as a useful tool to assess medical student's competence or even an examination for board certification.
한국 여성에게 바람직한 유방의 위치와 크기 1990~2000 대한민국미술대전 수상작들의 계측학적 분석
황건,박준호,김명종,김대중 대한체질인류학회 2005 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.18 No.2
본 연구의 목적은 한국 화가가 그린 누드화 및 한국 조각가가 만든 조소상을 분석하여 한국여성에게 바람직한 유방의 위치와 크기를 제안하는 데 있다. 1990년부터 2000년까지 대한민국 미술대전에서 수상한 누드화 19점 및 조각 14점 합 33점을 대상으로 하였다.몸의 정면이 보이는 그림과 가쪽면이 보이는 그림으로 나누었으며, 유방 및 젖꼭지의 위치를 알 수 있는 항목이 정면에서 6항목, 가쪽면에서 1항목이었으며, 유방의 모양을 알 수 있는 항목이 정면에서 3항목, 측면에서 1항목이었다. 젖꼭지는 위아래 위치로 보아 목아래패임부터 배꼽까지 거리의 1/3위치에 있었으며, 수평으로 보아 빗장중간선으로부터 봉우리까지 거리의 1/3만큼 가쪽에 위치하였다. 유방의 가쪽 경계사이의 거리는 가슴폭과 같았다. 유방이 앞으로 나온 돌출정도는 가슴우리 앞뒤 폭의 40%에 해당하였다.젖꼭지의 위치와 유방의 형태에 대한 본 연구는 유방재건술, 유방성형술 및 유방축소술 때 참고자료로 활용가능하다. The aim of this study is to elucidate the desired location and shape of Korean women’s breast. Thirty-three awarded portraits and torsos from 1990 to 2000 were analyzed. Eleven anthropometric ratio were Vertically, nipple was located 1/3 distance from sternal notch to umblicus. Horizontally, nipple was at 1/3 distance lateral from the midclaviclar line to acromion. The distance between lateral borders of breast were same as the width of chest cage. The projection of breast was 2/5 of anteroposterior diameter of chest cage. The result of this study may be of use in breast surgeries including reconstruction, augmentation and reduction.
황건,최혁규 대한성형외과학회 2008 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.35 No.2
Purpose: The purposes of the authors' analysis were to assess the values that plastic surgery journals demonstrate in terms of the standardized measures created by the Korea Medical Citation Index, and to assess the relationship between these values and the turnaround time of these journals.Methods: The overall indexes of J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg(JKSPRS), J Korean Soc Aesthetic Plast Surg(JKSAPS), J Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofac Assoc (JKCPRA) were compared with those of journals related with Korean plastic surgery using the following parameters: impact factor, cited half-life, total articles, and the number of journals. Korean plastic surgery journals were compared with journals from relative fields. In addition, an evaluation of all original articles published in 2007, assessing the time intervals from submission to publication was conducted for Korean plastic surgery journals and various journals which were related with plastic surgery.Results: The number of articles for Korean plastic surgery journals for 2006 ranged from 19 for JKCPRA to 149 for JKSPRS. The time interval from submission to publication of an article among Korean plastic surgery journals for 2007 ranged from 73.7 days for JKSAPS to 176.2 days for JKSPRS. The variation in impact factor of JKSPRS for the period from 2002 to 2005 increased from 0.084 in the year 2002 to 0.168 in 2005. But the impact factor in 2006 has fallen to 0.112.Conclusion: JKSPRS demonstrated comparatively high overall index values and a short turnaround time in comparison to relative journals. To improve the status of Korean plastic surgery journals, members of Korean plastic surgeons should quate Korean plastic surgery journals and adjust key word to MeSH. The title written down in Korean should use medical terminology published by Korean medical association.