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Other up-to-date treatment modalities of vitiligo
최종원 ( Chong Won Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder that occurs in about 1% of the population. The white macules and patches in vitiligo patients are the consequence of melanocyte destruction in the skin and they can be an emotional stress on the vitiligo patients. The immune modulating agents (systemic/topical steroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors) and phototherapy (narrow band UVB and excimer laser) are the mainstay of current modalities for the treatment of vitiligo. Despite the increased knowledge of pathogenesis and the enthusiastic use of above-mentioned treatment modalities, current management for vitiligo cannot ensure the complete cure. To overcome the limitation, diverse attempts have been tried and various results have been reported. Herein, I will talk about the up-to-date treatment modalities of vitiligo through a review of recently published papers. The talk will include the use of cytokines and its analogue (α-MSH analogue, afamelanotide), inhibitors for cell signaling pathways (Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib), antibiotics (tetracycline and its derivative, minocycline), and lasers (CO<sup>2</sup> fractional laser) in the treatment of vitiligo. Recent clinical trials and the possible mechanism of each modality will be briefly reviewed.
허근,최종원,Huh, Keun,Choi, Chong-Won 대한약학회 1984 약학회지 Vol.28 No.1
After pretreatment with ginseng followed by induction of acute intoxication of alcohol, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(Ald DH) increased respectively compared to the groups treated with alcohol alone. In case that ginseng was given to rats fed with 5% alcohol instead of water for 60 days, the activities of ADH and MEOS increased compared to the groups treated. On the contrary, the activity of Ald DH in mitochondrial fraction decreased to an extent of about 35% in chronic alcoholism, but after pretreatment of ginseng the activity was restored to the control level. On the other hand, the catalase activity was not significantly affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction significantly increased the serum isocitrate dehydrogenase activity which is inhibited by alcohol-treated in rat. Alcohol-induced lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased to control level in liver by ginseng treatment. And the serum level of lactic acid also decreased by ginseng treatment in alcohol-intoxicated rat. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the xanthine oxidase activity in the ethanol-treated rat liver. It was also observed that ginseng reduced the blood concentration of uric acid on experimentally reduced hyperuricemia by alcohol treatment. Uricase activity was not affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction decreased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which was induced by alcohol-treated rat. These results suggest that the treatment with ginseng can be promoted the recovery from alcohol intoxication and some therapeutic effect on alcoholinduced metabolic disease.
인삼 성분이 Ethanol의 장관내 흡수에 미치는 영향
허근,최종원,Huh, Keun,Choi, Chong-Won 대한약학회 1983 약학회지 Vol.27 No.2
The effect of ginseng butanol fraction (total sponin) on the absorption rate of ethanol in rat intestine was examined. Ginseng butanol fraction showed inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of ethanol in situ as well as in vitro test. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the ethanol blood level, delayed onset time of ethanol effect and shortened sleeping time when it was adminstered orally together with ethanol. These results suggest that ginseng may alter the ethanol blood level by decreasing the intestinal absorption of ethanol.
알코올 투여후 마우스 간 크산틴 산화효소 활성에 미치는 인삼의 영향
허근(Keun Huh),최종원(Chong Won Choi) 대한약학회 1979 약학회지 Vol.23 No.3,4
A dose, 1g/kg of ethanol produced experimental hyperuricemia in mouse. Ginseng saponins were tested for their ability to alter the hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and the blood level of uric acid in the ethanol-treated mouse. Intraperitoneal injection of ginseng saponin 4mg/kg markedly decreased the xanthine oxidase activity in the ethanol-treated mouse liver. It was also observed that ginseng saponin reduced the blood concentration of uric acid in experimentally induced hyperuricemia by alcohol treatment. In vitro, it was found that a low concentration of ginseng saponin in the reaction mixture incresed the hepatic xanthine oxidase activity, while a high concentration inhibited both enzyme preparations of normal and ethanol treated mice. In contrast with the xanthine oxidase, uricase activity was not influenced by ginseng saponin as well as in vivo. These results suggest there is a possibility that ginseng saponin may have some therapeutic effect on gout and other hyperuricemia syndrome.
마우스의 아세트알데히드 대사에 미치는 인삼 부탄올 분획의 영향
허근,박종민,이상일,최종원,Huh, Keun,Park, Chong-Min,Lee, Sang-Il,Choi, Chong-Won 대한약학회 1985 약학회지 Vol.29 No.1
The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible effect of ginseng butanol fraction on the hepatic acetaldehyde metabolism. Experimental animals were used for the subject of the study. When, in case of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (Ald DH), ginseng butanol fraction was added, enzyme activity was increased in a small dose, while, in a large dose, it showed inhibitory effect. In terms of kinetic aspect, ginseng butanol fraction has the effect to decrease the Km values of Ald DH. In vivo studies, the activity of Aid DH increased by induction of acute intoxication of ethanol was further increased through pretreatment with ginseng butanol fraction. When ginseng butanol fraction was given to mice fed with 5% ethanol instead of water for 60 days, the activity of Ald DH in mitochondrial fraction decreased to about 35% in chronic alcoholism, but after pretreatment of ginseng butanol fraction the activity was restored to the control level. By the pretreatment with disulfiram, the Ald DH activity was inhibited in normal and alcohol-treated groups, but after the treatment with ginseng butanol fraction the activity was restored to the control level. The results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction enhance the Ald DH activity inhibited by the treatment of disulfiram with no relation to NAD. It was observed that ginseng butanol fraction markedly decrease the acetaldehyde levels in plasma and liver. All these observations suggested that reduction of acetaldehyde in blood and liver should be dependent upon increased activity of mitochonclrial Ald DH. It is concluded that the recovery from alcohol intoxication should be prompted by treatment with ginseng.