Effects of Diallyl Disulfide on the Hepatic Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Rat

허근,이상일,박종민,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Park, Jong-Min The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1986 대한약리학잡지 Vol.22 No.2

Glutathione peroxidase might play an important role in the protection of cellular structures against oxidative challange by hydrogen peroxide and several organic hydroperoxides. It is widely accepted that allicin is biological active component of garlic, and allicin is easily degraded to diallyl disulfide and other components. This study was attempted to elucidate the effect of diallyl disulfide on some biological activities. It was observed that the activity of serum transaminase and glutathione level in liver were not changed by the treatment of diallyl disulfide. The liver cytosolic glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly enhanced. Whereas, mitochondrial enzyme activity was slightly increased. In the presence of diallyl disulfide in vitro, $V_{max}$ value of glutathione peroxidase for hydrogen peroxide was increased. On the other hand, Km value was not changed. 마늘성분중의 하나인 diallyl disulfide가 간 glutathione peroxidase 활성에 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 여러 농도의 diallyl disulfide를 흰쥐에 투여 하였을때 혈청 transaminase의 활성은 변동이 없었으며 또한 간 glutathione의 함량도 변화되지 않았다. 그러나 간 가용성분획의 glutathion peroxidase 활성은 현저히 증가되었다. 시험관 내에서 간 가용성분획의 glutathione peroxidase의 활성은 $15{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 이상의 diallyl disulfide를 첨가 하였을때 현저히 증가되었으며, 동력학적인 측면에서 관찰하였을때 diallyl disulfide$(20{\mu}g/m{\ell})$에 의해 Km치는 별 변화가 없었으나 Vmax치는 현저히 증가되었다. 이상의 실험결과에서 마늘 성분 중에 glutathione peroxidase 활성을 증가시키는 성분은 allicin의 분해산물인 diallyl disulfide에 기인된 것으로 사료되며 또한 이 성분은 효소의 기질결합 부위가 아닌 다른 부위에서 효소의 활성을 조절해 줄 것으로 생각되어진다.

Vitamin $B_6$와 Pyrazinamide의 약물상호작용 (II)

허근,이상일,박종민,김석환,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Park, Jong-Min,Kim, Suk-Hwan 대한약학회 1987 약학회지 Vol.31 No.4

When pyrazinamide is used in the treatment of tuberculosis, the measurement of pyrazinoic acid which is an intermediate metabolite of pyrazinamide in body is required in order to prevent its associated side-effects, especially that of hyperuricemia. Effects of vitamin B$_6$ on pyrazinoic acid metabolism were studied in this experiment. The activity of hepatic pyrazinoic acid oxidizing enzyme in the presence of pyridoxal was powerfully inhibited, and the pattern was competitive inhibition type. Whereas, its enzyme activity was significantly increased by the treatment of pyridoxal, and the characteristics of the increase may include induction of enzyme proteins. As mice received pyrazinoic acid(300mg/kg) after pyridoxal-pretreatment(40mg/kg) once daily for 4 days, the blood level of pyrazinoic acid and uric acid was decreased significantly.

Metallothionein이 지질과산화반응과 Aldehyde Oxidase활성에 미치는 영향

허근,신억섭,박종민,Huh, Keun,Shin, Uk-Seob,Park, Jong-Min 한국독성학회 1995 Toxicological Research Vol.11 No.1

The effects of metallothionein and cadmium ion on the hepatic aldehyde oxidase activity and brain lipid peroxidation were tested in vitro. The content of brain lipid peroxide at the condition of normal or $300{\mu}M$ Fe(II)-induced was remarkably reduced by the addition of metallothionein in the incubation mixture. The induced content of lipid peroxide by cadmium $(30{\mu}g/ml)$ ion was reduced by metallothionein $(100{\mu}g/ml)$. The activity of aldehyde oxidase was not affected by metallothionein, but cadmium ion $(8.38{\mu}g/ml)$ increased the activity of aldehyde oxidase about 80% compared to the control. The cadmium-induced activity of aldehyde oxidase was restored to the control level by metallothionein or penicillamine.

인삼 성분이 Ethanol의 장관내 흡수에 미치는 영향

허근,최종원,Huh, Keun,Choi, Chong-Won 대한약학회 1983 약학회지 Vol.27 No.2

The effect of ginseng butanol fraction (total sponin) on the absorption rate of ethanol in rat intestine was examined. Ginseng butanol fraction showed inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of ethanol in situ as well as in vitro test. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the ethanol blood level, delayed onset time of ethanol effect and shortened sleeping time when it was adminstered orally together with ethanol. These results suggest that ginseng may alter the ethanol blood level by decreasing the intestinal absorption of ethanol.

마늘성분이 간 aldehyde oxidase 활성변화에 미치는 영향

허근,이상일,박종민,김영문,김석환 ( Keun Huh,Sang Il Lee,Young Moon Kim,Jong Min Park Seok Hwan Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1987 BMB Reports Vol.20 No.1

Effects of garlic components on the hepatic aldehyde oxidase activity were studied in this experiment. Aldehyde oxidase which catalyzes the oxidation of many purine, pyrimidine and pteridine derivatives was purified by centrifugation, heat treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, acetone fractionation and dialysis, and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. Allicin, heat-treated allicin and garlic butanol fraction powerfully inhibited aldehyde oxidase activity in vitro. It was also observed that aldehyde oxidase activity was inhibited in mice fed a 5% garlic juice in vivo.

Effects of Garlic on the Hepatic Aldehyde Oxidase in Mice and Rabbits

허근,이상일,박종민,김영문,김석환,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Kim, Young-Moon,Kim, Young-Moon,Kim, Seok-Hwan Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1987 한국생화학회지 Vol.20 No.1

간 aldehyde oxidase 활성에 마늘 성분이 어떼한 영향을 주는가를 관찰할 목적으로 in vivo 및 in vitro 실험을 하였다. 마늘 수침액을 mouse에 섭취케 하였을때 간 aldehyde oxidase의 활성은 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 이와같은 마늘성분에의한 aldehyde oxidase 활성억제작용이 어떤 성분에 기인된 것인지를 확인하기 위하여 마늘로부터 추출한 allicin분획과 allicin을 열분해시킨 분획 및 butanol분획을 이용하여 토끼간으로부터 정제한 aldehyde oxidase의 활성을 비교 관찰 하였을때 3분획 모두 본 효소의 활성을 현저히 억제시켰으며 이와 같은 억제작용은 열처리한 allicin분획에서 더 강하게 나타났다. 한편 본 효소와 기질간의 반응속도에 마늘성분이 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 검토하였을때 상기 3분획 모두 $V_{max}$에는 영향이 없었으나 $K_m$치를 증가시키는 경쟁적 저해현상을 나타내었다. Effects of garlic components on the hepatic aldehyde oxidase activity were studied in this experiment. Aldehyde oxidase which catalyzes the oxidation of many purine, pyrimidine and pteridine derivatives was purified by centrifugation, heat treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, acetone fractionation and dialysis, and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. Allicin, heat-treated allicin and garlic butanol fraction powerfully inhibited aldehyde oxidase activity in vitro. It was also observed that aldehyde oxidase activity was inhibited in mice fed a 5% garlic juice in vivo.

Effect of Sinigrin on the Hepatic Xanthine Oxidase and Free Radical Scavenging Enzyme Activities in Mice

허근,이상일,송민익,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Song, Min-Ik Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Ethanol을 투여한 mouse 간에서 free radical 생성효소인 xanthine oxidase와 분해효소 활성에 미치는 sinigrin의 영향을 관찰하였다. Ethanol 투여에 의해 간 xanthine oxidase 활성은 대조군에 비해 증가하였으나 $NAD^+$ 의존성 xanthine dehydrogenase 활성은 감소하였다. 한편 sinigrin의 전처리는 ethanol 투여에 의해 증가되는 간 xanthine oxidase의 활성 및 조직 중의 과산화지질 함량을 감소시켰다. Free radical 분해효소인 superoxide dismutase와 catalase 활성을 관찰한 실험에서 sinigrin을 전처리한 실험군은 ethanol 단독 투여군에 비하여 유의적인 효소활성 변동을 나타나지 않았다. The effect of sinigrin was investigated on xanthine oxidase and free radical scavenging enzymes in ethanol-treated mice. In vivo, the treatment of ethanol increased the activity of the $O_2$-dependent hepatic xanthine oxidase compared to those of the control group. Whereas the activity of the $NAD^+$-dependent xanthine dehydrogenase was decreased about 50 percent. The pretreatmemt of sinigrin reduced the increment of the activity of xanthine oxidase and hepatic lipid peroxide content in ethanol-treated mice. On the superoxide scavenging system, the superoxide dismutase activity with the treatment of ethanol showed the trend of increasing, whereas the sinigrin pretreatment did not affect the enzyme activity. The activity of catalase which is another scavenger was not influenced by the ethanol or sinigrin treatment.

Effect of Garlic on the Hepatic Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Rats

허근,이상일,박종민,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Park, Jong-Min 생화학분자생물학회 1985 한국생화학회지 Vol.18 No.3

마늘성분이 간 xanthine oxidase활성변화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. rat의 간장에서 본 효소를 분리정제하고 (in vitro에서), 마늘로 부터 추출된 allicin, heat-treated allicin, crude saponin fraction 및 각 부위별 추출물을 시험관내(內)에 첨가하였을 때 아래의 결과를 얻었다. allicin 분획 또는 열처리된 allicine분획을 반응액 중에 첨가하였을 때 강력한 효소 활성 억제효과를 관찰할 수 있었으며 열처리된 allicine분획이 보다 강력한 억제헨상을 나타내었다. 한편, crude saponin fraction은 효소의 활성을 증가시켰다. 식용으로 상용하는 각 부위별 ethanol 추출물에서 뿌리와 잎추출물은 본 효소활성에 별다른 영향을 나타내지 않았으나 seed와 bulb추출물은 효소의 활성을 증가시키는 경향을 나타내었다. It was attempted to observe the effect of garlic on the hepatic xanthine oxidase activity in this study. Xanthine oxidase which catalyze the oxidation of many purine and pyrimidine derivatives was further purified by centrifugation, heating, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ fraction, acetone fraction and dialysis, hydroxyapatite column. Allicin and heat-treated allicin fraction powerfully inhibited xanthine oxidase activity in vitro. When the enzyme was incubated in reaction mixture containing garlic butanol fraction, it was found that xanthine oxidase activity was increased. Garlic bulbs and seeds ethanol extracts increased the enzyme activity, whereas leaves and roots extracts did not affected its activity in vitiro.

Sinigrin 이 Mouse 간 Xanthine oxidase 및 Free Radical 분해효소 활성에 미치는 영향

허근,이상일,송민익 ( Keun Huh,Sang Il Lee,Min Ik Song ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 BMB Reports Vol.24 No.1

The effect of sinigrin was investigated on xanthine oxidase and free radical scavenging enzymes in ethanol-treated mice. In vivo, the treatment of ethanol increased the activity of the O₂-dependent hepatic xanthine oxidase compared to those of the control group. Whereas the activity of the NAD^+ -dependent xanthine dehydrogenase was decreased about 50 percent. The pretreatmemt of sinigrin reduced the increment of the activity of xanthine oxidase and hepatic lipid peroxide content in ethanol-treated mice. On the superoxide scavenging system, the superoxide dismutase activity with the treatment of ethanol showed the trend of increasing, whereas the sinigrin pretreatment did not affect the enzyme activity. The activity of catalase which is another scavenger was not influenced by the ethanol or sinigrin treatment.

Effect of Panax Ginseng in Mouse Liver with Ethnol-Induced Monoamine Oxidase Activity

허근,이상일,송민익,신억섭,박종민,Huh, Keun,Lee, Sang-Il,Song, Min-Ik,Shin, Uk-Seob,Park, Jong-Min The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1989 대한약리학잡지 Vol.25 No.1

본 실험에서는 ethanol 및 acetaldehyde가 유도하는 MAO 활성변동에 인삼 butanol 분획이 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. Ethanol(1 g/kg)을 mouse 복강내로 투여하였을 때 간장 중 MAO 활성이 현저히 증가하였으며 이러한 작용은 인삼butanol 분획 전처리로 개선되었다. 또한 pyrazole(200mg/kg)을 전처리하였을 때 ethanol에 의해 증가된 간장중 MAO활성이 정상수준으로 감소되었다. 만성적으로 ethanol을 투여한 경우에 있어서도 MAO활성이 증가되었으며 인삼 butaonl분획 전처리로 MAO 활성이 감소됨이 관찰되었다. Ethanol의 대사산물인 acetaldehyde(100mg/kg)을 복강내로 투여하고 관찰한 실험에서도 간장중 MAO활성이 현저하게 증가되었으며 인삼 butanol분획을 전처리함으로써 정상수준 가깝게 MAO활성이 감소되었다. 이 연구결과로 ethanol에 의한 간장중 MAO활성증가는 ethanol의 대사산물인 acetaldehyde에 기인된 것으로 생각되어지며 인삼 butanol분획이 acetaldehyde에 의해 유도되는 간장중 MAO활성 변동을 조절하고 있을 것으로 사료된다. Effect of ginseng butanol fractions on the hepatic mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity with ethanol treatment was investigated in this experiment. Ethanol treatment, either acutely or chronically, increased the hepatic mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity compared to control group. Whereas, treatment with ginseng butanol fractions lowered the ethaol-induced monoamine oxidase activity. Acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of ethanol, significantly increased the hepatic mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity more than ethanol did. It was also observed that ginseng butanol fractions reduced the increase of the hepatic mitochondial monoamine oxidase activity by acetaldehyde. From these results, it is suggested that ginseng butanol fractions may be associated with the modulation of the hepatic mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity in ethanol-treated animals.