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누출특성을 통한 폭발위험장소 선정방법의 개선에 대한 연구
김대연,천영우,이익모,황용우,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Chon, Young-Woo,Lee, Ik-Mo,Hwang, Yong-Woo 대한안전경영과학회 2017 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Classify of explosion hazardous areas must be made at the site where flammable materials are used. This reason is that it is necessary to manage ignition sources in of explosion hazardous areas in order to reduce the risk of explosion. If such an explosion hazard area is widened, it becomes difficult to increase the number of ignition sources to be managed. The method using the virtual volume currently used is much wider than the result using CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics). Therefore, we tried to improve the current method to compare with the new method using leakage characteristics. The result is a realistic explosion hazard if the light gas is calibrated to the mass and the heavy gas is calibrated to the lower explosion limit. However, it is considered that the safety factors should be taken into account in the calculated correction formula because such a problem should be considered as a buffer for safety.
누적독성부하 산정을 통한 주민소산 전환시점 선정에 관한 연구 -인천지역을 중심으로-
이은지,한만형,천영우,이익모,황용우,Lee, Eun Ji,Han, Man Hyeong,Chon, Young Woo,Lee, Ik Mo,Hwang, Yong Woo 한국안전학회 2020 한국안전학회지 Vol.35 No.6
With the development of the chemical industry, the chemical accident is increasing every year, thereby increasing the risk of accidents caused by chemicals. The Ministry of Environment provides the criteria for determining shelter-in-place or outdoor evacuation by material, duration of accident, and distance from the toxic substance leak. However, it is hard to say that the criteria for determining the transition point are not clear. Transition point mean the time that evacuation method is switched from shelter-in-place to outdoor evacuation. So, the purpose of this study was to calculate appropriate transition point by comparing the cumulative toxic load. Namdong-gu in Incheon Metropolitan City was finally selected as the target area, considering the current status of the population of Incheon Metropolitan City in 2016 and the statistical survey of chemicals in 2016. The target materials were HCl, HF, and NH<sub>3</sub>. Modeling was simulated by ALOHA and performed assuming that the entire amount would be leaked for 10 min. Residents' evacuation scenarios were assumed to be shelter-in-place, immediate outdoor evacuation, and outdoor evacuation at an appropriate time after shelter-in-place. Based on the above method, the appropriate transition point from residents located in A(800 m away), B(1,200 m away), C(1,400 m away) and D(2,200 m away) was identified. In HCl, appropriate transition point was after 15 min, after 16 min, after 17 min, after 20 min in order by A, B, C and D. In HF, appropriate transition point was before 1 min or after 16 min, before 4 min or after 19 min, before 5 min or after 20 min, before 14 min or after 26 min in order by A, B, C and D. In NH<sub>3</sub>, appropriate transition point at A was before 4 min or after 16. Others are not in chemical cloud. This study confirmed the transition point to minimize the cumulative toxic load can be obtained by quantitative method. Through this, it might be possible to select evacuation method quantitatively that cumulative toxic load are minimal. In addition, if the shelter-in-place is maintained without transition to outdoor evacuation, the cumulative toxic load will increase more than outdoor evacuation. Therefore, it was confirmed that actions to reduce the concentration of chemicals in the room were necessary, such as conducting ventilation after the chemical cloud passed through the site.
문진영(Jin Young Moon),천영우(Young Woo Chon),김효진(Hyo Jin Kim),황용우(Yong Woo Hwang) 한국위험물학회 2016 한국위험물학회지 Vol.4 No.2
In this study was analysis of case on chemical accidents in the last 10 years. Chemical accidents appeared mainly in facilities aging, piping connections, explosion-proof electrical and leak cut-off facilities etc.. Category of business showed a higher rate in the manufacturing industry and chemicals using sector. This chemicals accidents showed most highly by worker carelessness. Therefore, safety training enhanced for the operator was deemed necessary for accident prevention.
항만 내 컨테이너 위험물 저장 시 위험성 평가 및 개선방안
신가영(Ka-Young Shin),김서은(Seo-Eun Kim),이익모(Ik-Mo Lee),황용우(Yong-Woo Hwang),천영우(Young-Woo Chon) 한국위험물학회 2019 한국위험물학회지 Vol.7 No.1
In this study, investigate the risk of storing dangerous goods in the port. The volume shipped by container ships doubled in 2014 from 2010 as the volume of maritime risk through ports steadily increased. Against this backdrop, when firefighters used fire water at a logistics warehouse in Tianjin, China in 2015, sodium cyanide and ammonium nitrate reacted, releasing hydrogen gas and causing 1.3 trillion won in property damage. Since then, the Environment Ministry has prepared safety management guidelines for dangerous goods in the port through inspection by the Ministry of Environment. Container companies, however, have not used direct withdrawal to set up stores among exceptions in the guidelines due to lack of land. The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the risk of indoor and outdoor storage of hazardous materials through ALOHA.
지진 발생 시 산업단지 내 화학물질 누출에 따른 혼합 반응 위험성 예측에 관한 연구
최영훈(Choi Young hun),김상진(Kim Sang jin),김초롱(Kim Cho rong),천영우(Chon Young woo) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.18 No.1
최근 국내에서도 지진으로 인한 피해가 발생하면서 화학공장 등 유해위험 설비가 파손될 경우 화재·폭발 또는 위험물질 누출 등 2차적인 피해로 이어져 인근 지역사회에 큰 피해를 미칠 수도 있다. 본 연구에서는 온산국가산업단지 내에서 취급하는 화학물질을 기준으로 지진 발생 시 야기되는 혼합물질의 위험도를 추정하기 위하여 사업장 간의 거리와 물질의 피해영향거리를 기준으로 혼합 가능성을 판별하였다. 또한, 물질 간의 반응성을 예측하기 위해 CRW 4.0 프로그램을 이용하여 화학물질 혼합에 따른 37종의 Potential Gases를 확인할 수 있었고, NFPA 등급 기준으로 16종 물질에 대하여 위험 순위를 도출하였다. 그 결과, Hydrogen Cyanide, Hydrogen Fluoride 등과 같은 고위험 물질이 확인되었고, 사업장별 생성되는 Potential Gases를 확인하여 위험도가 높은 사업장 피해 최소화를 위한 대응방안을 제시하고자 하였다. Recently, damage caused by the earthquake occurred domestically, and destruction of harmful hazardous facilities such as chemical plants can cause secondary damage such as fire, explosion, leakage of hazardous substances, and can cause serious damage to local communities. In this study, we estimated the risk of mixed substances caused by earthquakes based on hazardous materials in the On-san National Industrial Complex, based of the distances between factories, damage distance of materials the possibility of mixing was determined. Also, In order to predict the reactivity between the materials, 37 kinds of Potential Gases according to the chemical mixture could be identified using the CRW 4.0 program, risk factors for 16 kinds of materials were derived as NFPA rating standards. As a result, high-risk materials such as Hydrogen Cyanide and Hydrogen Fluoride were identified, and to propose countermeasures to minimize the risk of high-risk factories by checking the Potential Gases generated by each factories.
인화성 액체 옥외저장탱크에서 풀화재 발생 시 장내 피해 저감을 위한 방화벽 설계에 관한 연구
노순미(Sun Mi Ro),천영우(Young Woo Chon),이익모(Ik Mo Lee),황용우(Yong Woo Hwang) 한국위험물학회 2017 한국위험물학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Toluene & methanol are classified as flammable liquids and regulated by the Industrial Safety And Health Act, the Chemicals Control Act, and the Safety Control Of Dangerous Substances Act. They are used widely across the industry. The chances of accidents caused by leak·fire·explosion of those two flammable liquids are growing bigger every day. This study is about designing appropriate height of firewalls for toluene & methanol outdoor storage tank’s pool fire accidents. Considering input variables, such as thermal radiation, orifice diameter and elevation, for PHAST program, we can get the result of effect distances. Moreover, regardless of weather conditions, effect distances of toluene & methanol outdoor storage tank’s pool fire cases influence buildings that are 3 m away. Therefore, we should prepare more measures to prevent property damage and casualties. In case of toluene, the calculated minimum firewall height is 10.97 m at 1.5 m distance and 8.0 m at 3.0 m distance. In case of methanol the calculated minimum firewall height is 6.65 m at 1.5 m distance and 8.0 m at 3.0 m distance. The result of the firewall height is taller than the building it needs to protect, but installing an 8 m high firewall for prevention is unpractical and unrealistic. In this context, it is better to replacing the buildings’ outer wall with fireproof constructions instead of installing a firewall to reflect reality more closely.
API 공정의 본질안전설계를 통한 위험성저감 및 비용·편익 분석에 관한 연구
박종필(Jong-Pil Park),천영우(Young-Woo Chon),이익모(Ik-Mo Lee),김홍관(Hong-Kwan Kim),황용우(Yong-Woo Hwang) 한국위험물학회 2021 한국위험물학회지 Vol.9 No.2
This study performed HAZOP, which is a qualitative risk assessment for the API(Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) process, and aimed to check the solvent change, the root cause, to reduce the derived risk, select accident scenarios and high-risk solvent materials, and identify the substitution of low-risk solvent substances. This study conducted the Consequence Analysis(CA), which is a quantitative risk assessment, to determine the extent of damage in the event of a chemical accident caused by solvents. In addition, the ALOHA of the US Environmental Protection Agency was utilized, and the estimated impact scope was quantified as the cost of disaster loss, in addition to performing a cost-benefit analysis that considers safety and economic feasibility. The difference in the impact scope in the toxic exposure was relatively larger than the difference in the impact in the impact scope in the liquid fire of methanol and ethanol. Due to the characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry, it can be fatal to the human body if methanol remains in pharmaceuticals. Accordingly, it is recommended to use ethanol instead of methanol. This study examined solvent change and suggested a cost-benefit analysis that considers safety and economic feasibility. As a study on the intrinsic safety that replaces high-risk solvents with low-risk solvents, it is expected to contribute to the prevention of serious industrial accident caused by chemicals.