태조 왕건 친제<SUB>親製</SUB> 원주 흥법사지 진공대사 탑비의 조성배경

정성권(丁晟權) 한국국학진흥원 2016 국학연구 Vol.0 No.31

원주 흥법사지에는 진공대사 충담의 탑비가 있다. 진공대사는 921년 태조 왕건으로부터 왕사에 임명되었으며 흥법사에서 주석하다 940년 입적하였다. 입적 직후 승탑과 탑비가 조성되었다. 탑비는 941년 건립되었고 태조 왕건이 직접 비문을 작성하였다. 태조 왕건시기 비문이 작성되거나 건립된 탑비는 모두 11개이다. 이 중 유독 흥법사지 진공대사 탑비만 태조 왕건이 친제하였다. 기존의 학설은 그 이유를 진공대사 충담이 심희의 제자였다는 점에서 찾고 있다. 즉 심희로 대표되는 신라 불교의 정통성이 고려로 계승되었다는 것을 보여주기 위해 태조 왕건이 충담비의 비문을 직접 작성했다는 것이다. 이 글은 기존의 학설 이외에 진공대사 탑비가 새로운 통일왕조 고려의 등장을 신라의 유민들에게 알리고자 건립된 기념물의 성격이 있음을 주장하였다. 이에 대한 근거로 진공대사 탑비 비문과 비슷한 시기(940)에 작성된 「개태사화엄법회소」 와 동시기에 건립된 개태사 석조삼존불입상을 분석하였다. 이와 함께 탑비가 위치한 흥법사가 강원도나 경상도쪽의 구 신라 유민들이 개경으로 나아가기 위해 반드시 거쳐야 되는 병목과 같은 교통의 요지였음을 밝혔다. The Stele of the Buddhist Saint Jingongdaesa is located in Heungbeopsa temple site in Wonju city. It was erected in 941. Kign Taejo, the First King of Goryeo Dynasty reconstructed the Zen Buddhist Heungbeopsa temple for the Buddhist Saint Jingongdaesa. It was his wish to educate the people in the way of Zen, and along whith the neighboring Geodonsa Temple in Wonju and Godalsa Temple in Yeoju Heungbeopsa temple played a signigicant role during the early part of the Goryeo Dynasty period. Jingongdaesa returned from studying in China and became the royal monk to King Taejo. It is said that when Jingongdaesa entered Nirvana in 940, King Taejo wrote the epitaph himself. The epitaph is an abstract from writings of King Taejong from the Taeng dynasty of China and carved onto the monument in the character style of Wang Huiji. The original monument was damaged, and the body of it including the stone coffin containing the ashes of Saint Jingongdaesa was moved to the National Museum in Seoul. The construction style is indicative of the ambitious spirit of the people at the beginning of the Goryeo Dynasty period. To explain that why King Taejo wrote the epitaph by himself, this article study about the stone Buddha triad image at Gaetaesa that was built in 940. The Gaetaesa stone Buddha was made in the site that the Later pakje’s King surrender to Kign Taejo. In other words, the stone Buddha triad image was built in the historical and symbolic site that Wnag Geon finally achived the unification of the Later Three Kingdoms. In the same reason King Tajon built The Stele of the Buddhist Saint Jingongdaesa in Heungbeopsa temple. Because Heungbeopsa temple is a major transportation point, It was a perfect place to propagate of new country-Goryeo Dynasty-newly built.

1860년대 對日貿易과 公木 · 公作米

정성일(鄭成一) 한일관계사학회 2016 한일관계사연구 Vol.54 No.-

조선 정부는 공무역(公貿易)에서 일본이 가져온 물품에 대하여 15세기 초부터 면포 즉 공목(公木)으로 결제해 주기 시작했다. 17세기 중엽~19세기 중엽에는 공목의 일부를 쌀로 바꾸어 지급했는데 그것을 공작미(公作米)라 불렀다. 왜관을 통해 대마도로 건너간 조선의 공목과 공작미는 일본 대마도 경제의 기초를 이루었다. 이 글에서는 1860년대 공목과 공작미 문제를 분석하였다. 1862년에는 조선의 공무역 담당자가 실제로는 미지급된 공목과 공작미가 남아 있었는데도, 그들이 마치 왜관에 완납을 한 것으로 중앙정부에 보고한 적이 있었다. 그들의 상대편인 왜관의 일본 측 공무역 담당자들은 공목과 공작미를 완납 받기 위하여 온갖 노력을 다했다. 1864년에는 왜관의 일본인들이 왜관으로 들어간 조선 역관을 왜관 밖으로 나오지 못하게 했다. 그런가 하면 그들이 왜관 밖에 있던 조선 역관의 근무지인 임소(任所)까지 찾아와서 그곳에서 철야를 하다가 다시 왜관으로 돌아가는 일도 있었다. 이것은 공목과 공작미 지급이 근대 이전의 대일무역 뿐만 아니라 대일외교에서도 중요한 문제였음을 의미한다. The Joseon Korea government paid cotton cloth (gongmok) in the official trade with Japanese traders for their exports from Japan in the fifteenth century. Later, from the mid-seventeenth century to the mid-nineteenth century the Joseon government converted some of the cotton cloth into rice (gong jakmi). The cotton cloth and rice transported to Tsushima from Joseon became the foundation of Tsushima’s economy. The problems relating to cotton cloth and rice are analyzed in this paper. Korean trade officials reported untruthfully that they had paid in full to Japan, though, in fact, there was cotton cloth and rice that had not been paid to the Japan House (Waegwan) in 1862. However, Japanese trade officials (daikan) made greater efforts to receive the full payment of cotton cloth and rice from the Joseon government. For example, Japanese trade officials prevented Korean trade officials from leaving the Japan House in 1864. In addition, Japanese trade officials visited and stayed all night in the office (imso) of the Korean interpreters of Japanese language (hundo and byeolcha), and returned to the Japan House the next day. This is evidence that the payments of cotton cloth and rice could be an economic or a diplomatic problem between Joseon and Japan in the pre-modern period.

韓·日間 漁業紛糾와 漁業對策(1945~1965)

정성일(鄭成一) 한일관계사학회 2001 한일관계사연구 Vol.14 No.-

회장인사

丁性桂(정성계) 대한전기학회 1971 전기의 세계 Vol.20 No.5

會長 離任辭

丁性桂(정성계) 대한전기학회 1973 전기의 세계 Vol.22 No.2

倭館 開市 때 제공된 日本料理 기록의 비교(1705년, 1864년)

정성일(鄭成一) 한일관계사학회 2015 한일관계사연구 Vol.52 No.-

이 글은 왜관의 일본인들이 작성한 매일기(每日記)를 바탕으로 개시(開市) 때 조선인에게 제공된 일본 요리를 분석한 것이다. ㉠ 왜관의 개시요리 기록은 1705년부터 체계적으로 정리되기 시작하여 19세기 중엽까지 그것이 이어졌다. ㉡ 조선 역관과 도중(都中)에게는 밥 이외에 국 한 가지와 반찬 세 가지 즉 1즙 3채가(初市는 2즙 5채), 그리고 그들의 종자[수행원]에게는 1즙 1채가 기본이었다. ㉢ 개시요리는 계절마다 쓰이는 재료가 달랐지만, 무처럼 철에 관계없이 연중 고르게 사용되는 재료도 있었다. ㉣ 고정 메뉴인 밥과 국 이외에, 반찬으로는 조림이 가장 많이 제공되었고 그 다음이 무침이었으며, 생선회도 가끔씩 나왔다. 왜관의 일본인들이 조선측 관계자에게 김치를 반찬으로 내놓는 일도 드물게나마 있었다. ㉤ 통신사 일행에게 제공된 향응요리에 비하면 왜관 개시요리의 종류와 내용이 간소하였지만, 개시요리는 왜관 거주 일본인의 일상적인 식생활 문화가 반영된 것이었다고 말할 수 있다. This paper clarified some facts through the analysis on the foods of Japanese style supplied for private trade[Gaeshi in K.] between Joseon and Japan, using the daily records by the trade authority of Tsushima domain, Ichidaikan in Japanese. First, the Japanese foods supplied during the time of trades was to be recorded from 1705 to the middle of 19th century at the Japan House, directed by Tsushima domain. Second, rice, soup and three kinds of side dish were supplied to Korean translators[Hundo and Byeolcha in K.] and merchants[Dojung in K.], and one soup and two kinds of side dish added for them especially in the case of the first trade in the every year. But only one soup and one side dish were supplied, in addition to rice, to their encourages each time of trade. Third, the foods supplied during the time of trades were differed by seasons. But there were some vegetables used as usual as white radish. Fourth, adding to rice and soup, the foods boiled were most common, and the next was the foods seasoned. Gimisui[Gimchi in K.] was supplied for Korean translators and merchants infrequently. Fifth, the Japanese foods supplied during the time of trades were more simple than the foods for Korean Diplomatic Envoys to Japan. But it should be emphasized that Japanese food cultures of daily life at the Japan House was reflected in the foods for the trades.

Bisphosphonate 연관 악골 괴사에 의해 발생한 부비동염 1예

정성도,손혜란,정영준,모지훈 대한이비인후과학회 2012 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.55 No.9

Bisphosphonates are used effectively for many medical conditions, such as multiple myeloma, Paget’s disease, osteoporosis, etc. However, recent case series and retrospective studies have established a relationship between necrotic bone lesions localized to the jaw and the use of chronic bisphosphonate therapy. This condition has been named bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Although some cases with BRONJ affect the paranasal sinus, they have been rarely reported in otorhinolaryngology. Hence, we report a case of BRONJ with sinus involvement and a review of the relevant literature.

조사시찰단의 보고로 본 1880년 조선의 수출입 통계

정성일(鄭成一) 한일관계사학회 2020 한일관계사연구 Vol.68 No.-

이 글은 1880년 조선의 수출입 통계에 관한 것이다. 첫째, 분석 자료는 두 가지이다. 하나는 1881년 조사시찰단의 한 사람으로 일본을 다녀온 이헌영(李헌永)의 보고 자료이다. 다른 하나는 일본 대장성(大藏省)이 발간한 일본의 조선무역 자료이다. 둘째, 분석 대상은 1880년 한 해 동안 조선과 일본 사이에서 이루어졌던 무역 실적이다. 이 분석을 통해서 조선의 해관(海關) 설치와 각국에 대한 개항이 본격화되기 전인 1880년 조선의 수출입 실상을 파악할 수 있게 한 점이 이 논문의 특징이다. This paper verifies the statistics of trade between Korea and Japan in 1880. First, the materials for analysis are two. One is the set of reports by Lee Heon-Yeong who visited Japan as a member of Korean Embassy to Japan in 1881. The other materials are the foreign trade reports published by the Japanese Ministry of Finance in 1881. Second, the subject of analysis is the performance of trade between the two nations for one year. It may be suggested that the actual conditions of the trade between Korea and Japan in 1880 were grasped through analyses of the trade materials reported by Lee Heong-Yeong and the Japanese Ministry of Finance in 1881.

절연물의 연면섬락 전압에 미치는 금속 격벽의 영향

정성계(Sung Kae Chung) 대한전기학회 1965 전기의 세계 Vol.14 No.1

It is expected that the impurities contained in a solid state insulation material will affect a considerable influence on its break-down voltage, dielectric loss, and insulation resistance. In this thesis, as a preliminary experimental research for the investigation described above, the effect of metalic barrier between the electrodes on the creepin flash over discharge voltage along the surface of a solid insulation material has been investigated, and got some interesting results. It was found that generaly the flash over voltage rises when a metalic barrier is located between the electrodes. The results of this investigation will be taken into account as an important components on the insulation design to prevent the creeping flash over discharge in insulators, bushings, and so on.

소련의 대북한 전략적 인식의 변화와 점령 정책 : 1945~1948년 점령 기간을 중심으로

정성임 경남대학교 북한대학원 1999 현대북한연구 Vol.2 No.2

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to analyze the evolution of Soviet perceptions toward North Korea between 1945 and 1948. In the first year of occupation policy, the Soviet Union regarded 'The Korean issue' as a problem within the framework of cooperation with the West. The Moscow Agreement had provided an opportunity for the Soviet Union to view the division of Korea on political terms. When the Soviet Union rejected exchanges between North and South Korea on October 1945, it was not because of its closed door policies, but the shortage of preparatory measures, especially the process of forming occupation organizations. I. M. Chistiakov did not have the authority to decide on the political and economic exchanges between the two Koreas. Although decisions had yet to be made concerning the occupation body and who should take charge of the post in mid-October, 1945. This was why Chistiakov had rejected the U. S. proposal for exchange and postponed the issue until a suitable candidate could be found. The Soviet Union took the initiative in transforming North Korea into a socialist regime. Externally, the Soviet Union blocked American policy in North Korea with the help of the Joint American-Soviet Commission. We now know that the Joint Commission disintegrated due to the Soviet Union own desires to establish 'friendly' relations with North Korea. However, it would not be true to say that the Soviet Union had not been cooperative in negotiations in the first talks. Judging from Soviet Military reports and the diaries of T. F. Shtytkov, the Soviet representative of the Joint Commission, the Soviet Union seems to realize after the first talks that its position differed greatly form that of the U. S.. On June 12, 1946, after the break down of the first talks, Shtytkov asserted that both sides had merely clearly stated their positions on the matter and drew bleak prospects for the future possibility of any successful deal. Later, during the second Talks, N. G. Lebedev, chief of the SCA, dismissed any chance of the U. S. making and concessions to the Soviet Union. Furthermore, the leftist powers in South Korea had lost their influence, causing problems in plans to form a 2 : 1 proportional representation in the temporary government. When the Soviet Union had indeed withdrawn from North Korea, the political agenda had completed the process of socialization by forming both a pro-Soviet government and leadership. However, the economic field was still under reform. The reason why the Soviet Union withdrew its troops and chose favorable view of the occupation policy was because it had brought North Korea into its fold, while turning it against the U. S., Japan and South Korea. North Korea was moving smoothly on its way to socialism, confident it would in near future carry out its promise to adopt socialistic rules in economic matters.