문화변용이론의 시각에서 본 우리나라 공공도서관의 발전과정

전명숙,Chun Myung Sook 한국문헌정보학회 1983 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.10 No.-

The concept of the public library defined by the Korean Library Association does not describe the current state of the Korean public library but describes the public libraries in the western society. Korean public library was formed after the western public library but it was modified and reconciled with the tradition of Korea. The difference between the concepts occured in the acculturation process of the Korean public library. According to the International Encyclopeadia of the Social Sciences, acculturation comprehends those phenomena which result when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous firsthand contact, with subsequent changes in the original cultural patterns of either of both groups. Korea opened its door to western world in 1876, and it began to contact with the western world. As the consequence, the concept of the public library of the West diffused to Lee Dynasty which were characterized by the confucianism and the extended family system. These two characteristics were against the public library concept and it could not function as it was and it had to be modified to fit to Korean society. The American public library was formed by the diffusion of English public library. The concept fitted in the colonial American society which was characterized by the Christianity and nuclear family system. Religion and family life were closely knitted together and they contributed much to the formation of the American public library. Also the society needed various information to form their new nation. The need of the public library grew and the public library repidly developed as the American society was urbanized and industrialized. The changes of Korean public library has passed the following process of acculturation. 1. The Korean culture contacted with Western world. 2. The public library concept diffused to Korea, but the people were illiterate and the need of the public library was for the preservation of the old books. The collection was not for people. 3. The function of the public library in Korea was altered slightly as several intellectuals who formed the first modern public library tried to literate Koreans as a means of liberation :from Japan through the library service. 4. The traditional libraries such as sodandg and hyangyo disorganized and finally disappeared as the traditional elements of the culture disappeared and the new cultural elements prevailed in Korea. 5. When the traditional elements of culture were disorganized, a reinterpretation of the diffused culture appeared. With the appearance of the vouth group which was not existed in the traditional society, cultural facilities for them were needed. They began to use public library as their reading rooms. This pattern has been institutionalized ever since in Korean public library. 6. When the new element of the culture spread, the traditional cultural elements react against this element. As the new public libraries sprung out, there were movements to restore the old Korean tradition of the family libraries and Hyangyo to counteract to the new libraries. This movements were not successful and they all disappeared as they could not keep up the rapid social change occurred in the Korean society. 7. In the process of the cultral change, cultural lag occurred between the public library and the users who could not adopt to the new library. This has been continued to the present time. 8. This diffused concept of the public library was modified and became native to Korean society. However, the acculturation of the public library concept has not changed the traditional ideas of Korean people and their behavior. The Korean society recently has been changing rapidly and the function of the Korean public library is improving accordingly; 1. The extended Korean family system is disorganizing. As the consequence, the public library could substitute the family system offering information and recreation service, etc. 2. The growth of educate

한국 대학도서관 수서(收書)에 관한 연구

전명숙,Chun Myung Sook 한국문헌정보학회 1984 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.11 No.-

Korean university libraries are increasing their library collection each year according to the standard set by the Ministry of Education. The standard states that all the university libraries are required to keep 3 books for newly enrolling students, 30 books for each enrolled student and 5, 000 books for each department. The increasing number of the university library collection brings many problems in the libraries. 1. The size of the library collection is not related to the satisfaction of the library user's requests. The satisfaction is usually related to number of the new publications received in the library. Z. The Korean publication is limited to a small number. It could not meet the university standard. Therefore, the number is filled with the foreign publications. But the use of them is not frequent. Even the number of the domestic and foreign new publications together could not meet all the requests of the university library users. Only cooperation with other libraries will be able to meet most of the diversified requests. 3. Most of the present library collection are not likely to be used in the future and they should be eventually discarded. Present library administration put too much emphasis on the size of library collection and only the aquisition of the material is main concern of the university librarians. They need to consider other factors in the aquistion of the library collection. They should make their collection development in accordance with user's requests in addition to meet the university standard.

시와 도(道)의 도서관 발전과정과 현황: "한국도서관통계"를 중심으로

전명숙,Chun Myung-Sook 한국문헌정보학회 1997 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 $\ulcorner$한국도서관통계$\lrcorner$에서 시와 도의 도서관수, 직원수, 장서수, 증가책수, 이용책수. 이용자수, 예산액을 수집하여 시계열분석하여 과거의 시와 도의 도서관 발전과정을 이해하고 현재의 상황을 비교하였다. 이 결과 시$\cdot$도별 도서관은 한국의 정치, 사회의 여러 가지 조건에 따라 발전하였으며, 도서관간에는 차이가 많고 장서수, 예산액 등이 적으므로 도서관당 예산액과 장서수를 증가시켜서 지역도서관이 균형 있게 발전하게끔 해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to interpret the growth and the present status of in 6 major Korean cities and 9 provinces libraries using statistical data. The data were collected from The Statistics on Libraries in Korea, and were analyzed for a time series by using the Excel program. The result shows that there are great differences in major statistics of libraries in Korea due to the historical backgrounds and various political and social conditions of the country. The differences are also more likely related to the size of the library collections, budget and number of staffs.

학교도서관의 매체변환에 관한 이론과 실제

전명숙,Chun Myung-Sook 한국문헌정보학회 2005 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.39 No.4

학교 도서관의 이용자가 영상세대의 유비쿼터스 이용자, 포스트 디지털 이용자가 되면서 학교도서관의 소장 자료도 이미지와 디지털 자료를 수집하고 보관하여 교수-학습 자료로서 이용되어야만 학교도서관이 그 기능을 다할 수가 있다. 그러므로 사서들이 종이 자료를 다루는 기술은 물론 도서관의 자료를 변환하는 기술도 습득하여 중요한 자료를 변환 시킬 수 있어야 한다. 그리고 교사들이 교과목에 꼭 필요한 이미지나 디지털 자료를 만들 수 있도록 기술적으로 도와주어야 교수-학습자료를 충족시킬 수 있다. 이러한 역할은 사서교사들이 사서자격증을 가지는 것은 물론 첨단 정보기술능력도 갖출 때 수행할 수 있다. The major role of school librarians in Korea has been providing reading guidance and library user education with paper resources. However, digital users have become more ubiquitous and demand more information with the images and digital materials. Therefore, school libraries need to collect more images and digital materials. At the same time, school librarians have to equip themselves with the ability to cope with this transformation. The qualified school librarians not only should have a teaching certificate but also know about techniques to transform various library materials into digital formats. Teachers and students could use these materials for their Web site homepages and Powerpoint presentations.

상호대차(相互貸償) 제도의 이론(理論)과 응용

전명숙,Chun Myung Sook 한국문헌정보학회 1986 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.13 No.-

Interlibrary loan has been a very common library service in the developed countries but it is yet to be actualized formerly in Korea. As Korea is moving toward an information society where all the individual user's request in the library should be met, we need to understand, in detail, the theory and practice of interlibrary loan service. As various information technology has been applied to the libraries, the libraries became the open system. Thus, the libraries become more cooperative, form networks, and make interlibrary loan service available. This study is based on the following three hypothesis formulated from the systems theory. 1. If libraries cooperate each other and form some kind of networks by mail, computers or telecommunications, they become the open system. 2. If a library develops as the open system, interlibrary loan becomes available in the library. 3. If the interlibrary loan system works, the role of the librarians will be changed. The research was carried out by analyzing the various studies about interlibrary loan service and by examining the interlibrary loan systerns presently working in the U.S.. The conclusions are reached deductively from the data. Some of the terminology used are defined as follows: System: a network of interrelated procedures that are joined together to perform an activity or to accomplish a specific objective. It is, in effect, all the ingredient which make up the whole. Cooperation: Working together to benefit participant libraries. Network: a much more structured type of cooperation in which definite regions or areas are connected by electronic or other means to promote interlibrary loaning of materials, in-service traing & other sharing of resources. Interlibrary loan: the lending of books between libraries. The model of cooperation or networks was used to be (1) a star type, (2) a hieranchical type, (3) a distributed type or (4) the combination of aforementioned three. However, the development of the telecommunications and computers enables all kinds of libraires cooperate together. Interlibrary loan service starts with the needs of user's information. The information have to be logically accessed through bibliographies, computers, electronic mails and satellite communications. And the logical access requires the information technology and the libraries become cooperative. The physical access to the information follows next but only traditional method of mail and some commercial service are currently available for this purpose. Therefore, researches are needed to develop this physical access. If the libraries form networks, the microaspect of library changes accordingly as the macroaspect changes. If the libraries . cooperate to become one large world library, the librarians plan, organize, control library operations and report the results. And the librarians work inside and outside of the library to cooperate with other libraries. Only the cooperation of the libraries will enhance interlibrary loan and the Korean librarians have to be prepared to accept the new role of librarianship for the interlibrary loan service.

한국 도서관의 컴퓨터 기술 도입에 관한 연구

전명숙,Chun Myung Sook 한국문헌정보학회 1989 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.17 No.-

1. Introduction Korean society is moving toward an information society in 2000. At present a few Korean libraries are computerized and networks between libraries have yet to be formed. And there is no study done on the computerization of the Korean libraries. Therefore, this study will attempt to find elements that influence the computerization of Korean libraries. This research is composed of the following three parts. 1) Survey on the present status of computerized Korean libraries. 2) The influencing factors for Korean library computerization on the level of organization. 3) The relationship between professionalism and the access to the computer information on the level of librarians. 2. Hypothesis The basic hypothesis of this research is from the theory of the innovation of organization by Moch. He found that the size of the organization, specialization of the staffs, the task differentiation, and decentralization of decision making were the underlying influence for the organizational innovation. From this theory, hypothesis were formulated as follows. 1) The size of the library influences the library computerization. 2) Specialization of the librarians influences the library computerization. 3) Differentiation of the library services influences the library computerization. 4) The decision making process influences the library computerization. 3. Collection of the data Questionnaires were sent to 21 computerized libraries among which were 8 experimental group and 7 other controlled group libraries. Data were collected from April to July 1988. 4. Findings 1) The present status of Korean library computerization. -Korean libraries are computerized mostly in cataloguing. -The computer technology gate-keepers are mainly librarians. -The computerization budgets are not specifically allocated or funded by the organization but librarians made decisions to allocate library budget for the computer application. Gradually, more libraries are being funded specially for library computerization. 2) Factors that influence library computerization. -The size of the western books and the number of western periodical subscription influence the library computerization. -The number of annual book increase influences library computerization. -The number of annual book use influences library computerization. -The number of annual library users does not influences library computerization. - The size of the library budget influences the library computerization. -Librarian's specialization influences the library computerization. -Differentiation of library service influences the library computerization. Information service is positively related to the library computerization while data service is not related to the library computerization. -Decentralization of decision making in library service influences the library computerization.

한국 세계문화유산을 활용한 관광자원개발에 관한 연구

전명숙(Chun Myung-Sook) 한국콘텐츠학회 2005 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

일상생활을 떠나 새로운 지역에 대한 호기심과 기대로 여행하는 일은 관광의 시작이며 여행과정에서 체험하는 다양한 경험은 현대인의 생활의 질을 결정하는 중요인자로 인식되고 있다. 한국의 세계문화유산 관광자원은 외래관광객을 유인하는 주요관광매력이지만 이에 대한 관광자원개발이 미비하여 이에 대한 적극적이며 효율적인 자원개발이 필요하다. The purpose of this research is to verify what factors change a cultural heritage into a tourist product. And how to create tourist products through Korean world cultural heritage items in a way it contributes to the Korean tourism industry.<br/> To develope this theory of tourism product resources development we should organize a competitive strategy with concerted efforts to develop and maintain the cultural image of the historical site and devote great efforts for the preservation, development and creation of its own unique historical tradition and culture.

스토리텔링을 활용한 관광콘텐츠 사례연구

전명숙(Chun myung-sook) 한국콘텐츠학회 2007 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2_2

오늘날 관광콘텐츠개발은 온라인 콘텐츠 세대의 등장과 문화콘텐츠산업의 발달, 여가생활의 대중화에 힘입어 지속적으로 증가추세에 있으며 앞으로 관광상품의 다양성과 차별성을 위하여 다각도로 검토되어야할 대상이다. 특히 관광대상을 관광객에게 보여주는 과정에서 스토리텔링은 관광자원에 대한 안내자의 설명이나 해설을 의미하며 관광객의 유인역할을 하여 관광객의 기대감을 충족시켜 관광객의 이미지를 결정짓는 중요한 요소로 작용한다. 관광지는 관광객이 추구하는 관광지만의 특별한 내용으로 방문하는 대중에게 색다른 의미를 부여하여 관광지의 정체성을 깨닫게 하는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 스토리텔링을 활용한 관광콘텐츠 활용사례를 통하여 궁극적으로 관광콘텐츠에서의 스토리텔링의 의의를 살펴 보고자한다. In these days, tourism contents development has been continuously increases due to the appearance of online contents generation, development of cultural contents industry and the spreads of leisure life among the ordinary people's life and it needs more significant research and development for the tourism product's varieties. Story telling means that the explanation or interpretation of tour guide or guide book of the tourist spots, they role as important pull factor which can determine the image of tourism destination. And it make tourist discover the identification its own specific contents. The purpose of this study is on to examine methods tourism contents development through storytelling.

통역안내원 자격제도 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

전명숙(Myung-Sook Chun) 한국여행학회 2000 여행학연구 Vol.11 No.-

The roll of tour guide is the key of the tour itself. Especially foreign language speaking tour guide show to the tourist not only the tour site but also the history, culture, tradition and the way of life of a country. To develop of the Korean tourism indusry and improve the level of the tour guide I submit such alternative as follow: 1. Practical and realuistic education system needed in any kind of tourism institute or school. 2. Instead of giving a licence to the people those who get certain points from the exam, limit the numberof the professinal tour guide and reeducate and manage them throughly. 3. The juries of the interview of the tour guide exam should be professional and expert for tourism. 4. The developement of the tourism industry and tour guide's quality needed strong supper from the government. 5. The treatment of the tour guide should make reasonable salary basis or daily charges and guarantee the stabilized social status. 6. It needs to make a professional tour guide association system under the governmental tourism organigation to get new infomation and training, reeducation.etc.

방한 중국단체관광객의 관광행동 특성 분석

전명숙 ( Myung Sook Chun ),오수경 ( Soo Kyung Oh ) 한국사진지리학회 2009 한국사진지리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

세계은행의 자료에 의하면 2004년 중국의 GDP는 1조 3,651억 달러로 세계7위를 기록하였으며 2010년 에는 1인당 년 평균소득이 3,000달러로 예상되고 있다. 이러한 중국의 눈부신 경제성장과 소득 향상은 중국의 국내여행 및 해외여행 수요를 촉진시키는 가장 큰 요인이 되고 있다. 또한 2005년에는 3,100만 명이 해외여행을 다녀와 아시아 최대의 관광객 송출국 자리를 굳혔으며 2020년까지 중국해외여행자 수는 1억~1억5천만 명이 될것으로 전망하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 in-bound 관광시장에서 지속적인 성장세를 나타내고 있는 중국인관광객의 방한 관광행동 특성을 분석하여 중국인 관광객을 만족시키는 관광상품을 개발하고 재방문을 촉진하는데 도움이 되는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해서 중국의 out-bound 시장 및 중국인의 해외여행 특성 및 방한관광 특성을 분석하였다. 연구방법으로는 문헌적 연구방법으로 각종 보고서 및 1990년대 후반부터 중국인 관광객의 관광행동에 관해 연구한 논문이 주로 활용되었다. 분석결과에 따라 관광상품 개발방안 및 유치방안이 제시되었다. According to the World Bank, China was the worlds seventh largest economy with a GDP of US$1,365 trillion in 2004, its average annual income per capita is expected to reach US$3,000 in 2010. The countrys striking economic and income growth is be coming the greatest factor that increases Chinese demand for travel to Korea and other foreign countries. More than 31 million Chinese peopel traveled out of their country, and now China become the largest outbound travel market in Asia. The annual number of Chinese tourists traveling abroad is expected to increase to 100-150 million by 2020. This study aims to suggest programs that will encourage Chinese tourists to revisit Korea and help develop a tourism market with which they will be more satisfied, by analyzing the behavioral characteristics of Chinese tourists, the number of which has continued to increase in Koreas inbound tourism market. For the purpose, the study analyzed the Chinese outbound tourism market and Chinese tourists behavioral characteristics in terms of their overseas travel and visit to Korea.Methodologically, the study conducted a review of literature including different related reports and other papers on the travel behavior of Chinese tourists since the late 1990. Finally, based on the results from the analysis, it proposed programs for development of tour packagees and attraction of Chinese tourists.