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하부요로증상을 호소하는 남성에서 전립선결석의 임상적 의미와 약물치료 반응도와의 관계
임민식,김천일,박철희,장혁수 대한비뇨의학회 2008 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.49 No.11
Purpose: In present study, we evaluated the relationship between prostate stone and lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) and the effect of medications. Materials and Methods: Between July 2005 and June 2007, 328 male patients who underwent transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) were included in this study. 237 patients who had prostate stone with or without LUTS were divided into 3 groups by the prostate stone size(3-5mm, 6-10mm and larger than 11mm). These patients were also divided into 3 groups according to the prostate stone location(the periurethral group, the peripheral group and the multiple site group). The change of the maximum flow rate(Qmax) and the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) were measured 6 months after treatment with alpha-blocker and 5-alpha reductase inhibitor(5-ARI). Results: 275 of the 328 patients who underwent TRUS complained of LUTS and 200(72.7%) of these 275 patients had prostate stone; 37(69.8%) of the 53 patients who did not have LUTS had prostrate stone. No statistical significance was found between LUTS and the presence of prostate stone (p=0.664). We found that the patients with LUTS showed a trend to have larger stone, but this was not statistically significant(p=0.792). The location of prostate stone tended to be periurethral for the patients with LUTS (p=0.047). The patient group with resistant to pharmacological manage of their LUTS had stones larger than 11mm, but this had no statistical significance(p=0.615). A lesser therapeutic result was related with periurethral stones(p<0.001). Conclusions: There is no statistical relation for the presence of prostate stone with LUTS. The patients with prostate stone that was located in the periurethral area had more LUTS and less medical benefit. Purpose: In present study, we evaluated the relationship between prostate stone and lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) and the effect of medications. Materials and Methods: Between July 2005 and June 2007, 328 male patients who underwent transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) were included in this study. 237 patients who had prostate stone with or without LUTS were divided into 3 groups by the prostate stone size(3-5mm, 6-10mm and larger than 11mm). These patients were also divided into 3 groups according to the prostate stone location(the periurethral group, the peripheral group and the multiple site group). The change of the maximum flow rate(Qmax) and the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) were measured 6 months after treatment with alpha-blocker and 5-alpha reductase inhibitor(5-ARI). Results: 275 of the 328 patients who underwent TRUS complained of LUTS and 200(72.7%) of these 275 patients had prostate stone; 37(69.8%) of the 53 patients who did not have LUTS had prostrate stone. No statistical significance was found between LUTS and the presence of prostate stone (p=0.664). We found that the patients with LUTS showed a trend to have larger stone, but this was not statistically significant(p=0.792). The location of prostate stone tended to be periurethral for the patients with LUTS (p=0.047). The patient group with resistant to pharmacological manage of their LUTS had stones larger than 11mm, but this had no statistical significance(p=0.615). A lesser therapeutic result was related with periurethral stones(p<0.001). Conclusions: There is no statistical relation for the presence of prostate stone with LUTS. The patients with prostate stone that was located in the periurethral area had more LUTS and less medical benefit.
임민식 한국청각언어장애교육학회 2012 한국청각·언어장애교육연구 Vol.3 No.2
The purpose of this study was to illustrate what were the status, needs and limitation, and the effects related with leisure activities for people with hearing impairment. The qualitative research method with individual interview was utilized for this study. Three hearing impaired adults were participated for this study. The semi-structured questionnaire was developed. The results of this study were that: (a) hearing impaired adults were participated to various leisure activities and spent much times for leisure; (b) the main problem was effective communication in leisure activities, therefore the hearing impaired adults had chances to participate the leisure activities with sign language interpreter; (c) the leisure activities were affective to solve stress and to improve the quality of life; and (d) sign language interpreter, and captioned film in TV, movie, and musical were supported to ensure more effective leisure activities of the hearing impaired people. 본 연구의 목적은 청각장애인들의 여가활용 실태 및 여가제약 요인을 규명하여 여가활동 지원방안에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구에서 개별면담 등 심층면접을 통해 여가활동의 실태와 제약 및 지원방안에 대한 방법을 모색하고자 청각장애인 3명이 참여하였다. 개별 면담에 필요한 반구조화된 면담지를 개발하여 활용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 청각장애인들은 다양한 여가 활동에 참여 하고 있으며, 또한 여가 활동으로 많은 시간들을 사용하고 있다. 둘째, 청각장애인들의 여가 활동을 제약하는 문제점은 의사소통의 어려움이다. 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 수화 통역사 및 친구의 도움을 받아서 여가 활동에 참여하고 있다. 셋째, 청각장애인들은 여가 활동에 대하여 정신적인 스트레스 해소 및 심적인 여유 모색, 삶의 질 향상을 위한 긍정적 자아 개념 형성 등에 효과적이라고 인식한다. 그러나 여가 활동이 스트레스를 가중시키는 요인이 되기도 한다. 그래서 청각장애인들은 자신 만의 방법으로 여가 활동 참여하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 청각장애인들을 위한 여가 활동 지원 방안에는 수화 통역의 필요성 및 TV나 영화, 뮤지컬 등에서는 자막이 가능한 장르와 시간대 지원, 그리고 개개인의 맞춤 여가 활용이 지원되기를 희망한다. 특히 청각장애인들의 여가 활동 제약을 해결하기 위한 의사소통 지원 방안이 다각도로 모색되어야 한다.
신좌섭,임민식,김석화 대한의료정보학회 2004 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.10 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate learners' opinion about the experience of online continuing medical education, and the effectiveness of it. The study was conducted on online continuing medical education courses conducted as a model case by Konggi-do Medical Association and VirtualMD Co., Ltd with the approval of Korean Medical Association, from July through December, 2002. Fifteen online multimedia courses, supported by learning management system and e-test(electronic assessment) system, were opened. Learners' internet log data, and answers to a questionnaire were collected. And a pre-test post-test design experiment was implemented to measure the effectiveness of learning. The results showed that doctors are already technically and environmentally ready to take online continuing medical education and have correct understanding about the necessity and benefits of online continuing medical education. The difference between the pre-test score and the post-test score was statistically significant(t=3.24, p<.01), and practically significant(Effect Size=.89).