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자외선흡수제(紫外線吸收劑) 처리에 의한 염색물의 내광성(耐光性)증진에 관한 연구
이내연,양철곤,이대규 忠南大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.9 No.-
In order to distinguish the effecnt of light fastness by treatment of ultraviolet absorbent, in this studies, the samples were dyed with domestic sulfur colours (Rifa) and treated with four kinds of ultraviolet absorbent. The results are as follows: 1. Dyed goods are faded proportion to the lighting time, but the goods which treated with ultraviolet absorbent are not faded in 80 hours lighting. 2. Treatments of ultraviolet absorbent do not affect on resin finishing. 3. The tensile strengths of dyed goods are decreased about 30% in longitude and 25% in latitude by weathering of 80 hours, but the tensile strength of ultraviolet absorbent treated goods are decreased about 4% in same condition. 4. There is no effects according to ultraviolet absorbens. 5. The soluble ultraviolet absorbent has more effect to treat in above 1% of saturated concentraion.
이내연,암종렬 한국섬유공학회 1992 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.29 No.8
Quaternary ammonium cornpounds(Cationon UK) were treated onto cotton fabric using a saturation pad method and a foam method, and then the cationized cotton fabrics were dyed with a milling and a levelling type acid dye. Dyeability of the cationized cotton fabrics was discussed in terms of the reflectance properties and K/S values of the dyed samples. It was found that, for the cationization of cotton fabrics, the foam method was more effective than the saturation pad method.
해외출생자의 국적 취득으로 본 미국 국적 제도의 변화: 동성혼 법제화와 보조생식기술의 영향을 중심으로
이내연 이화여자대학교 젠더법학연구소 2022 이화젠더법학 Vol.14 No.3
This article reviews how the U.S. citizenship and naturalization policy has changed for children born overseas to a U.S. citizen parent. In particular, I focus on how the U.S. citizenship and naturalization policy has changed to reflect the increased diversity in marital and family relations after the 2015 U.S. Supreme Court ruling had legalized same-sex marriage in the U.S. The nationality law in the U.S. is based on jus soli but also includes elements of jus sanguinis. A U.S. citizen parent can transmit citizenship to one’s child born overseas if the U.S. citizen parent has fulfilled a domestic residence or physical presence requirement. In terms of transmitting citizenship by bloodline, it is comparable to the Korean nationality law based on jus sanguinis. While the legal distinction between “in wedlock” and “out-of-wedlock” births has been abolished in the U.S., the conditions for transmission of U.S. citizenship to child born abroad varies practically by parents’ marital and citizenship status. With the increase in the number of births through assisted reproductive technology, particularly from overseas, the U.S. citizenship and naturalization policy distinguishes the conditions for conferring citizenship to a child born overseas by three different parental categories: legal parent, genetic parent, and gestational parent. From a long-term perspective, it is necessary to start discussions on how the Korean citizenship system should handle children born within Korea or abroad through assisted reproductive technology, children of same-sex couples legally recognized in other countries, and children with a transgender parent who has either started or finished the legal process of changing gender.
Glucose/Hydrogen Peroxide Redox System을 사용한 견직물의 저온염색
이내연,백두현,임종열,임영훈 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1993 論文集 Vol.16 No.1
The low-temperature dyeing system for silk fabrics based on a redox system has been investigated. Some factors affecting dyeing of silk fabrics with levelling acid dyes in the absence and presence of certain redox system were investigated under different conditions. The variables studied were the type and concentration of redox system with different dyeing conditions, i.e. temperature and time, dye concentration, material-to-liquor ratio (LR) and colour fastness. The colour strength (K/S value) is remarkably higher in the presence than in the absence of redox system. In the presence of redox system, free radicals are supposed to the formed both the fiber and the dye, and the interaction between free radicals bring about covalent fixation beside the usual electrostatic bonds, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces.
이내연,윤인진 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2023 디아스포라 연구 Vol.17 No.1
This study uses the US Census Bureau’s 2010 and 2021 American Community Survey data to investigate the changes in socioeconomic status as well as the demographic characteristics of Korean Americans. The main research results are as follows. First, the size and ratio of first-generation Koreans born in Korea decrease, but the second- and third-generation born in the United States increase, and naturalization to US citizens is accelerating. Second, aging is progressing, with the population under the age of 18 decreasing and the population over 65 increasing. Third, with the increase in interracial/ethnic marriage, multi-racial/ethnic families and mixed second- and third-generation Koreans are increasing. Fourth, the linguistic and cultural knowledge of the host country is improving, such as the increase in the proportion of people who speak English at home and the proportion of people who speak English well. Fifth, the socioeconomic status of Korean Americans is improving: the unemployment rate decreased, the proportion of upper level mental workers increased, but the proportion of lower manual labor and service workers decreased. Overall economic conditions have improved, with household incomes rising and home ownership rates increasing, although the poverty rate has declined. As a result, the discrepancy between socioeconomic statuses (higher education level and lower economic status) has been significantly reduced. In addition, the health insurance subscription rate has increased, contributing to the improvement of the health levels. Overall, it can be diagnosed that Korean Americans have acquired a more stable social membership as American citizens now from the status of immigrants in the past and are integrating into the mainstream American society at a higher level. 본 연구는 미국 인구조사국의 2010년과 2021년 American Community Survey 자료를 사용해서 재미한인의 인구학적 특성 변화와 함께 사회경제적 지위 변화의 양상을 조사한다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재미한인 중 한국에서 출생한 이민 1세의 규모와 비율은 감소하지만, 미국에서 출생한 이민 2, 3세는 증가하고, 미국 시민으로 귀화하는 현상이 빨라지고 있다. 둘째, 재미한인 중 18세 미만 인구는 감소하지만 65세 이상 인구는 증가하는 고령화가 진행되고 있다. 셋째, 족외혼이 증가하면서 재미한인 중 다인종・다민족 가족과 혼혈 2, 3세 한인이 늘어가고 있다. 넷째, 집에서 영어를 사용하는 사람의 비율과 영어를 잘 구사하는 사람의 비율이 증가하는 등 거주국의 언어문화적 지식이 향상하고 있다. 다섯째, 재미한인의 사회경제적 지위가 개선하고 있다. 실업률은 감소하고, 상위정신노동자의 비율은 증가하지만, 하위육체노동직과 서비스직 종사자의 비율은 감소하였다. 빈곤율은 감소하지만, 가구소득은 증가하고 자가 소유율은 증가하는 등 전반적인 경제 상황이 개선되었다. 이로 인해 재미한인이 교육 수준은 높지만 경제적 지위는 낮은, 소위 사회경제적 지위의 불일치가 크게 감소하였다. 그리고 건강보험가입률이 높아져서 건강 수준 향상에 기여하고 있다. 전체적으로 재미한인은 과거 이민자의 신분에서 현재는 시민권자로 더 안정된 사회성원권을 획득하고 미국 주류사회로 더 높은 수준으로 통합되어 가고 있다고 진단할 수 있다.