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이광원(Lee Kwang-Weon) 한국국가법학회 2010 공법논총 Vol.6 No.1
The application of constitutionalism(“Rule of law”) is not excluded even from the area of army, and the gist of that application to the army is the ruling of military service. On this issue, there has been “Special power relation theory” or “Revisionism”. But this theory has critical defect. Because this theory suggests that the constitutionalism is not applied to the army and, in addition, basic human rights are categorically excluded from the military personnel. That is why “Special administrative legal relationship theory” emerged. But this has also much problems. According to “Special administrative legal relationship theory”, the constitutionalism is also applied to the military personnel, but the depth and length of that application is(and should be) different from that in the realm of general administrative legal territory. Nevertheless, there has been no satisfactory answer on why(and to the what extent) that different application is valid. So, this thesis is, above all, mainly focused on investigation about the ground of such different application. To this purpose, we will also research the right and obligation of military personnel. I from the present paper first made clear the ground of the special rule about the military personnel, and explained the right and the duty of the military personnel. The ground of the special rule about the military personnel is the legal character of the military personnel. The military personnel has the character of the citizen, the government employee, the national defense obligatory accomplishment person, the warfare accomplishment person, the belligerent. The military personnel who is a citizen has the basic human rights. But these rights are restricted because of national defense duty and warfare accomplishment duty. The military personnel has the right and duty of government employee. These most part are Occupational right and duty. The military personnel is supported with the form which is various. It is compensation about national defense obligatory accomplishment and warfare accomplishment. The military personnel who is a belligerent has the right which will be able to attack the enemy. The belligerent is protected in terms of the international law, when he becomes a prisoner of war. According to many kinds character of the military personnel, we will be able to classify the right and the duty of the military personnel. Also we will be able to understand those contents and limit.
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두경부(Head & Neck) CT 검사 시 장기의 유효선량 측정
윤재혁(Jae-Hyeok Yun),이광원(Kwang-Weon Lee),조영기(Young-Ki Cho),최지원(Ji-Won Choi),이준일(Joon Il Lee) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2011 방사선기술과학 Vol.34 No.2
두경부(Head & Neck) CT(Computed Tomography)검사에서 환자가 받는 피폭선량 측정을 위하여 인체등가물질로 만든 Rando phantom과 유리선량계를 이용하여 두경부 검사에 따른 환자의 흡수선량의 변화를 실험을 통하여 연구하였다. 인체두부모형을 안와신경(optic nerve), 교뇌(pons), 소뇌(cerebellum), 갑상선(thyroid)으로 나누어, 두경부(Head & Neck) 부위의 검사를 단독검사(Brain, 3D Facial, Temporal, Brain Angiography, 3D Cervical Spine)와 복합검사(Brain+Brain Angiography, Brain+3D Facial, Brain+Temporal, Brain+3D Cervical spine, Brain+3D Facial+Temporal, Brain+3D Cervical Spin+Angiography)로 구분하여 유효선량의 변화를 실험한 후 결과를 측정하였다. 단순 Brain검사와 Brain Angio검사에는 optic nerve에 유효 선량이 높게 분석되었으며, 또한 Temporal검사에는 Pons에, 3D facial 검사와 3D Cervical Spin검사에는 thyroid의 유효선량 값이 높게 나타났다. 복합적으로 이루어는 검사 중 두경부의 Brain+Brain Angio의 검사는 cerebellum의 부위, Brain+3D facial 검사와 Brain+3D Cervical Spin의 복합검사는 thyroid의 부위, Brain+Temporal의 검사에는 pon’s 부위 유효 선량 값이 높게 나타났다. Brain +3D facial +Temporal의 복합검사와 Brain+3D Cervical Spin+Angio의 복합검사는 thyroid의 부위에 유효 선량 값이 높게 분석 되었다. 본 연구 결과 Brain+3D Cervical Spin+Brain Angio 복합검사인 경우의 유효 선량은 2.51858 mSv로 일반인의 연간 유효선량한도 1 mSv의 피폭을 초과하는 결과가 나왔다. 또한, Brain 단순 검사 시 optic nerve는 0.31312 mSv의 유효선량으로 향후 방사선학 검사가 이루어질 경우, 두경부의 일반인의 연간 유효선량을 훨씬 초과할 것이라 사료된다. 따라서 진료의 필요성에 의해서 시행되는 CT검사일지라도 질환 병변의 특성에 맞게 CT촬영조건 변화를 주면서 환자의 피폭선량을 최소한으로 할 수 있는 다양한 검사방법의 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. In this study, we present the measurements of effective dose from CT of head & neck region. A series of dose measurements in anthropomorphic Rando phantom was conducted using a radio photoluminescent glass rod dosimeter to evaluate effective doses of organs of head and neck region from the patient. The experiments were performed with respect to four anatomic regions of head & neck: optic nerve, pons, cerebellum, and thyroid gland. The head & neck CT protocol was used in the single scan (Brain, 3D Facial, Temporal, Brain Angiography and 3D Cervical Spine) and the multiple scan (Brain+Brain Angiography, Brain+3D Facial, Brain+Temporal, Brain+3D Cervical spine, Brain+3D Facial+Temporal, Brain+3D Cervical Spine+Brain Angiography). The largest effective dose was measured at optic nerve in Brain CT and Brain Angiography. The largest effective dose was delivered to the thyroid grand in 3D faical CT and 3D cervical spine, and to the pons in Temporal CT. In multiple scans, the higher effective dose was measured in the thyroid grand in Brain+3D Facial, Brain+3D Cervical Spine, Brain+3D Facial+Temporal and Brain+3D Cervical Spine+Brain Angiography. In addition, the largest effective dose was delivered to the cerebellum in Brain CT+Brain Angiography CT and higher effective dose was delivered to the pons in Brain+Temporal CT. The results indicate that in multiple scan of Brain+3D Cervical Spine+Brain Angiography, effective dose was 2.52 mSv. This is significantly higher dose than the limitation of annual effective dose of 1 mSv. The effective dose to the optic nerve was 0.31 mSv in Brain CT, which shows a possibility of surpassing the limitation of 1 mSv by furthre examination. Therefore, special efforts should be made in clinical practice to reduce dose to the patients.
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Hyun-Uk Jun(전현욱),Jae Won Kim(김재원),Jae-Hun Kim(김재훈),Kwang-Weon Lee(이광원),Jooyong Cheon(천주용),Changwook Ji(지창욱) 대한용접·접합학회 2021 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.39 No.1
This study investigate the effect of weld mechanical properties and the failure mode on the distance of misalignment that occurs during resistance element welding (REW) when the base sheet (steel plate) overlaps the cover sheet (aluminum plate). Differences exist in the tensile shear strength, cross tension strength, ductility ratio, and failure mode based on the distance of misalignment. The length of the nugget diameter is a major factor that influences the mechanical properties and failure mode in the REW. In addition, it is necessary to consider, the asymmetrical nugget shape derived from the abnormal current path which itself results from an increase in the misalignment distance, as well as the stress concentration generating mechanism resulting from the gap between the cover sheet and base material.
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