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윤병기,김대우 대한비과학회 2013 Journal of rhinology Vol.20 No.2
Superantigens are potent immunostimulatory exotoxins well known to be produced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). These exotoxins have capacity to act as superantigens by binding with the variable beta(Vβ) region of lymphocytes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, bypassing normal antigen processing and directly stimulating a massive inflammatory response. Accumulated evidence is now convincing that S. aureus superantigens may play an important role in development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis which are thought to skew the cytokine response towards a Th2 phenotype inducing eosinophilia and the production of polycolonal IgE. This review summarizes the current evidence of characteristics and its role superantigens in pathophysiology of nasal polyposis.
윤병기,진홍률,김대우,김동규 대한비과학회 2014 Journal of rhinology Vol.21 No.1
Stem cells can be isolated from almost any tissue in the body and are capable of proliferating in an undifferentiatedmanner and, under appropriate inductive conditions, differentiating into multiple cell lineages. Numerous studies are being conducted around the world using stem cells in various medical fields, including otorhinolaryngology. This review provides a brief overview of the method used for human stem cell isolation, the current status of clinical applications in the field of otorhinolaryngology as well as in general medicine, and lastly, suggests the future potential of stem cells in otorhinolaryngologic surgery. Within the field of otorhinolaryngology, stem cells have been clinically used or studied in four main areas: bony framework reconstruction, soft tissue augmentation, cartilage repair and wound healing. Outcomes of stem cell application appear promising; however, further basic research and clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to develop safe and successful clinical applications.