이달의 과학자-천적연구로 해충방제 공헌

유문일,Yu, Mun-Il 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1995 과학과 기술 Vol.28 No.3

모든 생물이 갖고 있는 천적과의 상호작용을 체계적으로 연구하여 해충방제에 새로운 길을 열고 있는 유문일 교수가 이달의 과학자로 선정되었다. 유교수는 "우리는 농업분야에 우수한 인력들이 모일 수 있는 사회적 분위기를 만들어야 하며 농업인들의 자부심과 긍지를 높여가는 분위기가 시급하다"고 말하고 있다.

아연과 망간의 중요성

유문일,Yu, Mun-Il 대한양돈협회 1986 養豚 Vol.8 No.1

돼지의 단백질과 에너지 요구량결정에 관한 연구 3 . 비육돈의 단백질과 에너지 요구량에 관한 연구

유문일,한인규 ( Moon I . Yoo,In K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This experiments were conducted to investigate the dietary protein and energy requirements of finishing swine (60-100㎏). The experimental groups were divided into 9 groups combining three levels of dietary protein (High, Medium, and Low level) and three levels of digestible energy (High, Medium, and Low level) based on the nutrient requirements of swine in NRC (1973). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Although there were significant differences in daily gain and feed efficiency (P $lt; 0.01), the optimum levels of dietary protein and digestible energy were 12% and 3,300㎉/㎏, respectively. Daily gain was decreased and feed efficiency was depressed as the levels of dietary protein and energy were decreased. Feed intake was also decreased as the level of dietary protein was decreased from 14 to 10% but did not show any consistent tendency by the level of dietary energy. 2. The digestibility for crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber of experimental diets fed during phase 5 tended to decreased as the level of dietary protein was decreased. But the digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber were not affected by the levels of dietary energy 3. Dressing percentage, carcass length, lean-meat percentage and back fat thickness were not significantly different among groups, but there was significant difference in loin eye area among groups (P $lt; 0.05). Dressing percentage, carcass length and lean-meat percentage were not affected by the levels of dietary protein and energy, but back fat thickness tended to be decreased as the levels of dietary protein and energy were decreased. Back fat thickness was greatly affected by the level of dietary protein than that of energy. Loin eye area was enlarged as the level of dietary protein was increased and as the level of dietary energy was decreased. 4. The linear regression equations were derived from the data of feeding trials. The proper linear regression equations obtained from the present studies to calculate the protein and energy requirements are as follows: Y = 528.10 + 0.68X (Y = daily gain, X = protein intake) Y = 4.02 + 0.073X (Y =daily gain, AX = DE intake) The calculated daily protein and DE intake obtained from the equation were as follows: CP intake; 400g, DE intake; 10,904㎉, daily gain; 800g

가축분의 사료화를 위한 연구 2 . 육성돈사료에 있어서 건조계분과 조사료 분말 혼합사료에 의한 강부류 대치시험

유문일,한인규,정천용 ( Moon I . Yoo,In K . Han,Cheon Y . Chung ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.5

In order to evaluate the feeding value of mixture of DPW and roughage for growing-fattening pigs a feeding experiment was conducted employing 30 barrows of Landrace x Yorkshire crossbred weighing an average of 22.8㎏. Experimental pigs were distributed to 5 experimental treatments replacing wheat bran at the level of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40% by mixture of DPW and roughage meal (orchard grass hay). Results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Daily gains of the treatments that used 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of mixture of DPW and roughage meal were 629, 633, 596, 522, and 489 gm, respectively. Daily gains were depressed by increasing the level of mixed meal used. There was significant difference at 5% levels between the treatments fed 0, 10, and 20% mixed meal and the treatments fed 40 and 50% mixed meal. 2. Daily feed intake fed 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% of mixed meal were 2,409, 2,552, 2,554, 2,525, and 2,604 gm, respectively and the differences were significant at 5% level. 3. The pigs fed 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% mixed meal required 3.83, 4.03, 4.28, 4.84, and 5.20㎏ of feed per kilogram of gain, respectively. It was found that the feed efficiency was depressed as the level of mixed meal increased in the rations. 4. Carcass evaluation showed no definite difference among the treatments. Based on the above results, it may be concluded that substitution of mixture of DPW and roughage meal for wheat bran could be recommendable up to 10% in the feed of growing-fattening pigs.

돼지의 단백질과 에너지 요구량 결정에 관한 연구 4. 사료의 단백질과 에너지 수준이 임신돈의 번식능력에 미치는 영향

유문일,한인규 ( Moon I . Yoo,In K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This experiment was conducted to investgate the effect of dietary protein and energy levels during gestation and lactating period on the reproductive performances of gravid swine. Fifty-four crossed sows (Landrace × Large White) which were about at 28 days in pregnancy were used in the feeding trials for a period of 17 weeks. The experimental treatment was divided into 9 groups combining 3 levels of dietary protein (CP 15-16%, 13-14%, 11-12%) and energy level (DE 3.6000kal/kg, 3,400kcal/kg, 3,200kcal/kg) during gestation and lactation periods. During 80 days after mating all sows received their own experimental diet 2.0kg per head daily, and during 5 weeks of late period of gestation received 2.3kg per daily and all sows were fed ad libitum during lactation period the same diets supplied during late pregnant period. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Body weight of sows increased during gestation and decreased during lactation period, but there were no significant effects on the protein and energy fed during gestation and lactation period. The rebreeding rate for sows fed a low protein and energy diets during gestation and lactation period was lower than for sows fed high and medium level of dietary protein and energy. 2. There were no differences in digestibilities of dry matter and total carbohydrate, but the digestibility of crude protein decreased as protein level during gestation period

돼지의 단백질과 에너지 요구량 결정에 관한 연구 1 . 이유자돈 ( 離乳子豚 )의 단백질과 에너지 요구량에 관한 연구

유문일,한인규 ( M . I . Yoo,I . K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary protein and energy requirements of weanling pig. The experimental groups were divided into 9 groups combining three levels of dietary protein (High, Medium, and Low level) and three levels of digestible energy (High, Medium, and Low level) based on the nutrient requirements of swine in NRC (1973). The feeding trials were conducted from July 14, 1979 during 22 days with a total 457 heads of crossbred. The result obtained are summarized as follows: According to the results of feeding trials during phase 1, daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were not significant among all groups. Daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were not affected by the levels of protein and energy, but feed efficiency was slightly improved as the levels of protein increased. Daily gain and feed intake were somewhat inferier to those of NRC feeding standard (1979), but feed efficiency was much superior to that of NRC (1979). The linear regression equations were derived from the data of feeding trials. The proper linear regression equations obtained from the present studies to calculated the protein and energy requirements are as follows: Y = -10.64 + 3.07 X (Y = daily gain, X = protein intake) Y = 13.03 + 0.18 X (Y = daily gain, X = DE intake) The calculated daily protein and DE intake obtained from the present studies are as follows: CP intake ; 100g, DE intake ; 1594㎉, daily gain ; 300g.

육성비육돈에 대한 Virginiamycin 의 성장촉진효과

유문일,한인규,권관,손광수,강세원 ( M . I . Yoo,I . K . Han,K . Kwon,K . S . Sohn,S . W . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.5

This experiment was conducted to compare the growth promoting effect of virginiamycin with some other antibiotics available in Korea for growing-finishing swine. A total of 288 three way crossed hogs (LW × L × D or H) weighing an average 16 ㎏ were used in six treatments, consisting of control, virginiamycin (40ppm), flavomycin(10ppm), bacitracin(100 ppm), virginiamycin(20ppm) + colistine(4ppm) and Bacitracin(20ppm) + colistin(4ppm) groups, for a period of 114 days. Daily weight gain of virginiamycin fed group was considerably (p$lt;0.05) better than that of control group. However, there were no statistical differences among hogs fed different antibiotics. Feed intake as not affected by the addition of antibiotics. Feed efficiency of virginiamycin group was superior to that or control group, although no statistical differences were found among treatments. It seemed that hogs fed antibiotics utilized the dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber more efficiently than those fed control diet, without any significant differences among antibiotics fed groups. Digestible energy values and energy utilizability of antibiotics fed groups were better than those of control group.

돼지의 단백질과 에너지 요구량 결정에 관한 연구 2 . 육성돈의 단백질과 에너지 요구량에 관한 연구

유문일,한인규 ( Moon I . Yoo,In K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.2

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the dietary protein and energy requirements of weanling pig and growing-finishing swine. Feeding periods were devided to three phases according to body weight (10 to 20㎏, 20 to 35㎏, 35 to 60㎏). The experimental groups were devided into 9 groups combining three levels of dietary protein (High, Medium, and Low level) and three levels of digestible energy (High, Medium, and Low level) based on the nutrient requirements of swine in NRC (1973). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In phase 2, the optimum levels of dietary and digestible energy in view of daily gain and feed efficiency were 18% and 3,300㎉/㎏, respectively. There were significant differences in the feed efficiency among groups (P $lt; 0.01) and tended to be improved with increasing levels of protein, where as energy level had no effect on feed efficiency. 2. In phase 3, the optimum levels of dietary protein and digestible energy were 16% and 3,100㎉/㎏ or above, respectively. There were highly significant differences in daily gain and feed efficiency among groups (P $lt; 0.01). Daily gain was gradually decreased as the levels of dietary protein was decreased from 18 to 14%, but was not affected by the level of dietary energy. Although there were significant differences among groups (P $lt; 0.05), no consistent tendency was found in feed intake by the levels of dietary protein and energy. Feed efficiency was depressed as the levels of dietary protein and energy were decreased. 3. In phase 4, the optimum levels of dietary protein and digestible energy were 14% and 3,300㎉/㎏, respectively. Feed intake was slightly increased as the Level of dietary protein was decreased but was not affected by the levels of dietary energy. There were significant differences in feed efficiency among groups, which was depressed as the levels of protein and energy were decreased. Requirements are as follows: 1) Linear regression equations between daily gain (Y) and protein intake (X) Phase 2 : Y = 388.32 + 0.89 X Phase 3 : Y = 4.28 + 2.55 X Phase 4 : Y = 197.83 + 1.73X 2) Linear regression equations between daily gain (Y) and DE intake (X) Phase 2 : Y = 377.39 + 0.053 X Phase 3 : Y = 58.90 + 0.120 X Phase 4 : Y = 269.71 + 0.070 X The calculated daily protein and energy intake obtained from the present studies were as follows: Phase 2 : CP intake ; 1598, DE intake ; 2,800㎉, daily gain ; 530g Phase 3 : CP intake ; 234g, DE intake ; 4,509㎉, daily gain ; 600g Phase 4 : CP intake ; 319g, DE intake ; 6,861㎉, daily gain ; 750g 4. The linear regression equations were derived from the data of feeding trials. The proper linear regressopms obtained from the present studies to calculated the protein and energy requirements are as follows:

Characteristics of the Aggregation Pattern of the Striped Rice Borer(Chilo suppressalis(Walker) during the Larval Stage

유문일,이문홍,Ryoo, Mun-Il,Lee, Moon-Hong Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1985 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.24 No.1

1973년부터 1976년까지 농촌진흥청 농업기술연구소 포장에서 수집된 성적(成績)을 분석(分析), 이화명나방유충(幼蟲)의 공간분포특성(空間分布特性)을 조사(調査)하였다. 유충(幼蟲)의 공간분포(空間分布)는 세대(世代)에 차이(差異)없이 부(負)의 이항분포(二項分布)를 따르고 있었다. 집중계수(集中係數)(Green's coefficient of dirpersion)를 지표로 하였을때 유충(幼蟲)의 집중도(集中度)는 초기고집중기(初期高集中期), 과도기(過渡期), 저집중안정기(低集中安定期)의 3 단계로 진전됨이 판명되었으며 이중 과도기(過渡期)를 제외(除外)한 각(各)단계는 각세대(各世代)에서 공통(共通) 'k'에 의해 집중도(集中度)를 정의할 수 있었다. 집중도(集中度)의 단계적 변화의 원인(原因)으로 유충(幼蟲)의 주간이동(株間移動)이 판명(判明)되었으며 제1세대에서 3령유충(齡幼蟲) 제2세대에서 5령유충(齡幼蟲)이 분산(分散)하는 것으로 나타났다. 유충집중도(幼蟲集中度)에 있어서의 이러한 특징(特徵)은 제2세대에서 뚜렷하였으며 제1세대의 경우 해(년(年))에 따른 변이폭이 컸다. 이는 제1세대 유충(幼蟲)의 생명계(生命系)(Life system)가 제2세대의 그것에 비해 외적(外的) 환경요인(環境要因)의 변이에 따라 크게 영향받고 있음을 시사하는 것으로 생각되며 Day-Degree 개념에 따른 환경변이의 수렴이 검토될 수 있을 것으로 사료(思料)된다. The data on the striped rice, borer populations, collected in the four years from 1973 to 1976, was reanalyzed to study the characteristics in the aggregation pattern of the insect larvae in the paddy fields. The distribution pattern of the larvae was well fitted to the negative binomial model in both the first and the second generation. With reference to the Green's coefficient of dispersion estimated, the aggregation of the larvae was categorized into three phases: initial high aggregation, changing, and dispersed stable phase. Except the changing phase, each phase in each generation could be defined by a common k. The phase-change was initiated by the larval dispersal between hills of the rice plants: the larvae of the third stage and those of the fifth stage, for the first and second generation, respectively. The characteristics of the aggregation pattern were stable in the second generation. In the first genaration, the pattern was more or less variable, indicating that the life system of the insect in the first generation was more susceptible to the variations of the external physical factors than that in the second generation.

가축분의 사료화를 위한 연구 1 . Broiler 사료에 있어서 건조계분·조사료분석말혼합 사료에 의한 강부류 대치시험

유문일,한인규,백인기 ( Moon I . Yoo,In K . Han,In K . Paik ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.5