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전기저항 값을 이용한 산불지상연료 습도 추정에 관한 연구
염찬호(Yeom Chan Ho),원명수(Won Myoung Soo),이시영(Lee Si Young),윤석희(Yoon Suk Hee),박흥석(Park Houng Sek) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회지 Vol.18 No.4
본 연구에서는 산불의 발생과 확산 위험성의 지표인 산림연료의 수분함량과 산불위험도의 변화를 예측하기 위한 산림연료습도 측정센서를 제작하여 전기저항 값과의 관계구명을 위한 실험을 실시하였다. 산림연료습도 센서에서 사용된 표준연료의 재질은 기선정된 소나무(길이 50 cm, 직경 1.5 cm)를 선정하여 산림연료습도 측정센서 함수율의 변화 추이에 따라 전기저항 값의 변화를 측정하였다. 측정결과를 통해 함수율을 전기저항을 통해 추정하는 환산식(전기저항=2E(E : Exponent of 10) + 13X(X :함수율) -9.705(R²=0.947))을 도출하였다. 이를 통해, 산불의 발생, 확산과 강도를 예측할 수 있는 기술의 개발에 도움을 줄 것으로 예상되며, 산불위험 예보기술의 고도화를 위한 기초자료 제공이 될 것으로 기대된다. In this studies, we tested for investigating the relationship between a fuel moisture and an electrical resistance which was main factor for making forest fuel moisture sensor. This sensor was made for forecasting a forest fire danger rating which was concerned with forest fuel moisture contents. The standard fuel for using sensor was made by pine tree, stick shaped. (The length was 50 cm and The diameter was 1.5 cm). We measured the electrical resistance change according to fuel moisture weight change in the standard fuel. In results, we developed the conversion formula for estimating a fuel moisture in forest(electrical resistance=2E (E : Exponent of 10) + 13X (X : fuel moisture) - 9.705, R²=0.947) This formula would give a help for development of techniques about estimating a forest fire ignition, a propagation and severity and for the construction of base data for advanced forest fire forecasting.
산불피해지역에서 숲 가꾸기 실행유무가 산불에 미치는 영향
이시영,이명욱,염찬호,권춘근,Lee. Si-Young,Lee. Myung-Woog,Yeom. Chan-Ho,Kwon. Chun-Geun 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1
Comparative analysis of forest fire danger rating on the forest characteristics of thinning area and non-thinning area on forest fire burnt area was studied in this work. To investigate the effect of thinning slash in forest fire, Gangneung-si Wangsan-myeon, Ulgin-gun Wonnam-Myeon, Samchok-si Gagok-Myeon, in which forest fire broke out, were selected. As a result that investigated forest fire danger ratio between thinning slash and non-thinning slash, leeward scorching ratio(36%), crown damage ratio(29%), mortality of branch at the former are higher than those at the latter, leeward scorching ratio of tree, where thinning slash is around, is 10%-20% higher than that of independent tree. So I estimate that thinning slash has a some effect on the intensity of forest fire. And the result to investigate damage of forest fire according to tree species shows that leeward scorching ratio of conifer is 5% higher than that of non-conifer, and mortality of branch of the former is 19% higher than that of the latter. It is considered that forest fire may affect directly to a tree trunk if it diffuse to piled thinning tree because there was no space between thinning trees and trees. Furthermore, it was found that re-ignition had a chance to occur due to lots of piled thinning trees.
이시영(Lee, Si-Young),이명욱(Lee, Myung-Woog),염찬호(Yeom, Chan-Ho),권춘근(Kwon, Chun-Geun),박흥석(Park, Houng-Sek),이해평(Lee, Hae-Pyeong) 한국화재소방학회 2008 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.춘계
Forest fire danger rate of thinning area was lower than that of non thinning area, because height rate of leewardside in burned stem of tree, damage rate of crown and mortality of tree in thinning area were 30.8%, 37% and 48.4% lower than that in non-thinning area, respectively. Intensity of forest fire varied depending upon topographical condition up slope, down slope, aspect, location as well as species, breast height diameter and forest tree density. Especially, a mountaintop area was burned down when forest fire was spread to up slope ridge of mountain.
권춘근(Gwon, Chun-Geun),이시영(Lee, Si-Yeong),염찬호(Yeom, Chan-Ho),박흥석(Park, Heung-Seok) 한국화재소방학회 2013 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.추계
본 연구는 2013년 3월 9일부터 3월 10일 동안 79ha의 산림피해와 110동의 시설물 피해를 준 포항산불에 대하여 산림 내 시설물들의 산불피해 특성분석을 위하여 현장조사를 실시하였다. 조사대상물은 전소피해를 입은 주택 10개소, 창고 1개소 등 총 11개소에 대하여 2013년 3월부터 5월까지 현지조사를 실시하였다. 조사항목은 시설물주변의 지형적 특성, 임상 및 이격거리, 수관화발생여부, 시설물의 재질 등 총 5개 항목에 대하여 피해특성을 분석하였으며, 전소지역의 피해 특성은 지형의 경우 골짜기막장형 지형, 주변임상은 침엽수, 임분밀도는 중임분, 산림과의 평균 이격거리는 3.1m, 산불의 종류는 수관화 발생지역 이었으며, 시설물의 재질은 슬레이트, 조립식 판넬인 것으로 조사되었다.
권춘근(Chun Geun Kwon)(權春根),이시영(Si Young Lee)(李時泳),염찬호(Chan Ho Yeom)(廉鑽鎬),박흥석(Houng Sek Park)(朴興錫) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2013 Crisisonomy Vol.9 No.10
본 연구에서는 산림 내 주요 시설물인 사찰 문화재 주변의 산불위험인자 도출에 대한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 사찰 문화재 주변 발화인자, 입지적인 여건, 임상여건 및 산림과의 이격거리, 산불방지 시설 여부, 숲 가꾸기 관련, 접근성 관련 등 총 6개 항목에 대해 현장 조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 시설물들이 경사가 급한 지역에 있을수록, 주변 임상이 침엽수림, 중경목 지역, 주변임상 수고가 10m 이하, 주변산림 밀도가 높을수록, 주변산림과의 이격거리가 짧을수록, 산불방지 시설 미설치 시설물, 숲 가꾸기 미실시 지역, 진화자원 진출입로의 개수가 1개이고 폭이 7m 이하일 경우 산불 발생 시 피해를 입을 가능성이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. In this study, a field investigation was conducted on 6 categories including ignition factors, locational conditions, forest conditions and separation distances with forests, existence of forest fire prevention facilities, forest caring, and accessability related factors regarding Buddhist temple cultural assets which is a key facility within forest areas in order to provide a forest fire safety diagnosis system and a basic resource of forest fire damage reducing technology regarding Buddhist temple cultural assets which is a key facility within forest areas. Study results show that Buddhist temple cultural asset areas with steeper slopes, coniferous forests, medium hard wood areas, tree heights less than 10m, higher surrounding forest densities, shorter separation distance with surrounding forests, without forest fire prevention facilities, without forest care, and one entrance with width less than 7m for fire extinguishing support had a higher possibility of suffering damage in case of forest fires.
영동지역 봄철 산불기간 중 소나무림 지표연료의 임내 연료습도변화 예측
이시영(Lee, Si-Young),이명욱(Lee, Myung-Woog),권춘근(Kwon, Chun-Geun),염찬호(Yeom, Chan-Ho),이해평(Lee, Hae-Pyeong) 한국화재소방학회 2008 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.춘계
This study is the result between the variation of fuel moisture and the risk of forest fire through measuring the change of moisture containing ratio on-site and its average analysis for each diameter of surface dead fuels in the forest. The measurement was performed on six days from the day after a rainfall. The fuel moisture on-site was measured on the day when the accumulated rainfall was above 5.0mm, and the measurements was 2 times in spring. From the pine forest which were distributed around Samcheok and Donghae in Kangwondo, three regions were selected by loose, medium, and dense forest density, and the fuel moisture was measured on the ranges which are less than 0.6cm, 0.6-3.0cm, 3.0-6.0cm, and more than 6.0cm in the forest for six days from the day after a rainfall. The study showed that the moisture containing ratio converged on 3 - 4 days for surface deads fuels which diameter are less than 3.0cm and the convergence was made more than six days for ones which diameters are more than 3.0cm except the surface dead fuel of 3.0-6.0cm diameter of loose forest density.
영동지역 봄철 소나무림에서 강우후 지표연료 직경별 연료습도변화 예측모델 개발 및 검증
이시영(Lee, Si-Young),이명욱(Lee, Myung-Woog),권춘근(Kwon, Chun-Geun),염찬호(Yeom, Chan-Ho),이해평(Lee, Hae-Pyeong) 한국화재소방학회 2008 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.추계
In this study, we developed a fuel moisture variation prediction model on each day after precipitation during a spring forest fire exhibition period. For this research, we selected plots in pine forest on Sam-Chuck si and Dong-hae si in Kangwon do according to a forest density(low, mediate, high) and classified a surface woody fuel by a diameter.(below 0.6cm, <TEX>$0.6{\sim}3cm$</TEX>, <TEX>$3{\sim}6cm$</TEX>, and above 6cm). A validity of this model was verified by applying a fuel moisture variation after precipitation in this spring. In the result, <TEX>$R^2$</TEX> was <TEX>$0.76{\sim}0.92$</TEX>. This model will be a useful for improvement of a forest fire danger rate forcast through a prediction a fule moisture in forest.