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朴正三 慶北專門大學 (영주경상전문대학) 1981 慶北專門大學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-
The main purpose of this paper is to study adverbial particles which form phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs consist of verbs and adverbial particles, but prepositional verbs consist of verbs and prepositional particles. The adverbial particle differs from the prepositional particle in both syntax and phonology. The most obvious syntactical difference between two particles is the mobility of the particle, If the object is a noun, the adverbial particle can either precede or follow the noun object. Next, it the object is a pronoun, the pronoun must precede the particle. Third, the adverbial particle and verb should yield an action nominal. The fourth, the adverbial particle cannot shifted to the front of sentences when questions are asked. The fifth difference is that pure adverbs cannot intervene between the verb and the particle. In point of phonoloy the adverbial particle is normally stressed whereas prepositions are not. On the other hand the prepositional particle can be either stressed or unstressed. As learners of English better understand ,the characteristics of both adverbial and prepositional particles, they can use this knowledge to improve their facility with the language.
박정삼,장기택,이상훈,김종철,손동수,김진태,한세현,Park, Jeong-Sam,Jang, Ki-Jaeg,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Chong-Chul,Shon, Dong-Su,Kim, Jin-Tae,Hahn, Se-Hyun 대한소아치과학회 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2
It has widely known for speech problem in patients with malocclusion, but there have been insufficient studies on degrees of severity. Patients with openbite and Cl III malocclusion usually have speech problem. It has widely known that fricative /s/is pronunciated most abnormally in Cl III malocclusion than any other consonant. Therefore 20 children with anterior crossbite were selected for study groups and 40 children with normal anterior occlusion were selected for control group. 7 sounds such as / 사(sa), 서($s{\delta}$), 소(so), 수(su), 스($s{\omega}$), 시(si), 세(se) / were recorded, and the formants and formants ratios were measured by using Sensimetric Speech Station, which is speech analyzing program in IBM PC. The results were as follows : 1. In anterior crossbite group, F1 of all 7 sounds were significantly higher than normal anterior relationship group(p<0.05). 2. There were no significant difference in F2 between two groups except / 소(so), 수(su)/(p>0.05). 3. In anterior crossbite group, F2/F1 ratio of all 7 sounds were significantly smaller than normal anterior relationship group(p<0.05). 4. There were no significant difference in accordance with tongue position(p>0.05).