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선언적 과학 지식의 생성 과정에 대한 과학철학적 연구 - 귀납적, 귀추적, 연역적 과정을 중심으로 -
권용주 ( Yong Ju Kwon ),정진수 ( Jin Su Jeong ),박윤복 ( Yun Bok Park ),강민정 ( Min Jeong Kang ) 한국과학교육학회 2003 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.23 No.3
The present study is to analyze the arguments about the generation of declarative scientific-knowledge in the philosophy of science and invent a structured model of the process of scientific-knowledge generation with the types of the generated scientific-knowledge. The invented model shows that scientific-knowledge generation is a distinctive process with the processes of inductive, abductive, and deductive thinking. Furthermore, inductive process is included with observation, which is consisted of simple observation and operative observation, and rule-discovery which is involved with the processes of commonness discovery, classification, pattern discovery, and hierarchical relationship. Also, abductive process has two components. One component generates question and second component generates hypothesis in which the process consists of representing question situation, identifying experienced situation, identifying causal explicans, and generating hypothetical explicans. Finally, deductive process is involved with logical inventing test method and evaluation criteria, concrete inventing test method and evaluation criteria, evaluating hypothesis, and making conclusion.
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대학생들의 귀납적 탐구에서 나타난 과학적 사고의 유형과 과정
권용주 ( Yong Ju Kwon ),최상주 ( Sang Ju Choi ),박윤복 ( Yun Bok Park ),정진수 ( Jin Su Jeong ) 한국과학교육학회 2003 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.23 No.3
The purpose of this study was to analyze scientific thinking types and processes generated in inductive inquiry by college students. Subjects were three college students. Three inductive tasks were developed: Caminalcules set 1 which is a task consisted of 6 imaginary animals, a potato task which is a task about the interaction between juiced potato and H_2O_2 and Caminalcules set 2. Subjects` performances were recorded on videotapes and analyzed. Subjects have shown 5 types of inductive thinking in the first task; recorded on videotapes commonness, discovering pattern, classifying, discovering hierarchy. the processes of inductive thinking shown by students are followed: observing-discovering commonness-classifying-discovering pattern-discovering hierarchy. the subtypes of inductive thinking on observing were investigated by the analysis of subjects` performance on the second task. In analysis of protocol, students` thinking types on classification have been searching criteria for classifying and selecting criteria for classifying. Subtypes of discovering hierarchy have been classifying groups and hierarchical ordering by students. Processes of classifying groups proceeded from searching criteria for classifying to selecting criteria for classifying.
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생물 윤리 의사결정 활동이 고등학생들의 합리적인 의사결정능력에 미치는 영향
김영신(Young Shin Kim),정완호(Wan Ho Chung),박윤복(Yun Bok Park) 한국과학교육학회 2002 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.22 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of decision-making activities in lesson on improving decision-making ability to meet bioethical issues in everyday situation. Worksheet for decision-making was consisted of six steps; Identification of problem. searching relevant information, generation of alternatives, identification of values for selection criteria, evaluation of alternatives, review of consequence. The results of this study showed that the scores of decision-making were increased by the activities of worksheets. The scores of identification of problem, generation of alternatives, and evaluation of alternatives were increased meaningfully. However, the scores of searching relevant information, identification of values for selection criteria, and review of consequence were not increased. It seems that all steps of decision-making ability could not improve by short-term learning. Low level performance was appeared on the step of searching relevant information and evaluation of alternatives. This result indicated that students could not apply the biological knowledge to decision-making in the face of bioethical issues. In conclusion, the learning experience of decision-making is essential to foster rational decision-making ability. The activity of decision-making should be included in science class and curriculum.
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과학적 규칙성 지식의 생성 과정 : 경향성 지식의 생성을 중심으로 Focused on the Generation of Scientific Pattern-Knowledge
권용주,박윤복,정진수,양일호 한국초등과학교육학회 2004 초등과학교육 Vol.23 No.1
The purpose of this study was to suggest a grounded theory on the process of undergraduate students' generating pattern-knowledge about scientific episodes. The pattern-discovery tasks were administered to seven college students majoring in elementary education. The present study found that college students show five types of procedural knowledge represented in the process of pattern-discovery, such a s element, elementary variation, relative prior knowledge, predictive-pattern, and final pattern-knowledge. Furthermore, subjects used seven types of thinking ways, such as recognizing objects, recalling knowledges, searching elementary variation, predictive-pattern discovery, confirming a predictive-pattern, combining patterns, and selecting a pattern. In addition, pattern-discovering process involves a systemic process of element, elementary variation, relative prior knowledge, generating and confirming predictive-pattern, and selecting final pattern-knowledge. The processes were shown the abductive and deductive reasoning as well as inductive reasoning. This study also discussed the implications of these findings for teaching and evaluating in science education.
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과학적 관찰과 규칙성 발견 활동에서 나타나는 감성단어 유형과 과학 지식 생성력과의 관계
권용주,신동훈,한혜영,박윤복 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6
본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 학생들이 과학적 관찰 및 규칙 발견 활동을 수행할 때 나타나는 과학적 감성 단어의 유형과 빈도, 강도를 분석하고, 둘째, 과학 지식 생성력과 과학적 감성지수(ISE)와의 상관관계를 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위해 연구에서는 먼저 선행 연구를 고찰하여 과학적 감성을 정의하고, 효과적인 지식 생성 활동을 위해 겨울눈과 화석 관찰, 씨앗과 암석 분류의 4개의 과제를 개발 하였다. 연구대상은 교원양성대학교 4학년 학생 161명으로 하였다. 피험자들은 각 과제를 수행하면서 인지적 사고과정과 느낀 과학적 감성을 기록하고 형용사 이모티콘 척도 용지에 자신의 감성 강도를 나타내었다. 연구 결과, 관찰 활동에서는 '흥미-수용-사랑-거부'의 순으로 감성유형이 나타났고, 규칙성 발견 활동에서는 '흥미-거부-수용-기대'의 순으로 감성유형이 나타났다. 각각의 감성 단어 빈도는 감성 강도와 통계적으로 상관관계가 있었다. 과학적 감성 빈도(FSE)와 과학적 감성 강도(SSE)를 곱한 과학적 감성지수(ISE)는 과학적 감성능력을 나타내는 하나의 지표로서 과학 지식 생성력과 높은 정적인 상관관계를 가진다. 개별적인 과학적 감성 지수에서는 '수용-사랑-슬픔-흥미'순으로 과학 지식 생성력과 정적인 상관관계를 나타낸다. The purposes of this study were to analyze types of scientific emotion word and to investigate the relationship between the ISE(Index of Scientific Emotion) and the ability of science-knowledge generation in subjects' scientific observation and rule-discovery. The subjects were asked to perform four scientific tasks. The tasks were developed that are suitable for scientific observation and rule-discovery. In performing tasks, the subjects were asked to describe their generated science-knowledge and scientific emotion through self-report questionnaire, performing each task. The strength of their scientific emotion was also measured using adjective emoticon check lists. In subjects' scientific observing, they showed 33.3% of interest emotion which was the biggest, 15.0% of acceptance emotion, and 11.3% of love emotion, respectively. In scientific rule-discovering, types of emotion were shown as 23.8% of interest, 21.5% of disgust, and 10.8% of acceptance, respectively. In addition, ability of science-knowledge generation was significantly correlated to ISE.
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