호텔종사원의 감정지능이 고객지향성에 미치는 영향

김희기(Kim, Hee-Kee) 한국외식경영학회 2015 외식경영연구 Vol.18 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 레스토랑 종업원의 감성지능이 고객지향에 영향을 미치는 결과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였고, 그 결과 호텔인적자원 관리 중 호텔조리종사원의 관리에 실질적으로 도움이 될 것으로 보여 진다. 학문적 문헌의 검토는 감성지능 및 주방직원의 고객지향의 배경을 설명하는데 도움을 주었고, 감성지능을 측정하기 위해 타인의 감정, 정서 활용, 감정 제어를 이해하고, 자기의 감정을 이해하는 것으로 구성되었다. 서비스 직원의 고객 지향을 측정하기 위해 본 연구는 이애주· ⋅이상건(2009)의 작업을 기반으로 COSE 모델을 적용, 주방 직원의 고객지향기술, 사회기술, 동기부여, 그리고 직원들의 자기 인식의 의사결정 권한 등을 지표로 연 구하였다. 첫번째, 감정사용이 고객지향의 모두 3 가지 요소에 상당히 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 감정컨트롤은 고객지향에 미미한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 자기의 감 정을 이해하는 것은 직원의 사회적 기술에 상당히 긍정적 인 영향을 미쳤다. 마지 막으로, 타인의 사회성과 동기부여의 감정은 호텔조리종사원들에게 상당히 긍정적인 영향이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 학문적으로나 호텔경영 중 인적자원관 리에 실질적으로 기여할 것으로 기대가 된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of the emotional intelligence of the Hotel Employees Restaurant affect the customer-oriented, Substantially it is shown to be helpful to contribute to the development of hotel human resources as a result . The review of the literature described the background for emotional intelligence and customer orientation of kitchen employees. The emotional intelligence consist of understanding the self emotion, understanding other people' emotions, emotion utilization. To measure customer orientation of service employees. Customer orientation of kitchen employees includes technical skill, social skill, motivation, and employees' self-perceived decision making authority. The first, only emotion utilization had a significantly positive effect on all four factors of customer orientation On The other hand, Emotion control had an insignificant effect on customer orientation. Secondly, understanding the self emotion had an significantly positive effect on employees' social skill. Finally, understanding other people' emotions had an significantly positive effect on employees' social skill and motivation. The results of this study help to contribute academically and practically to advancing hotel management.

근대 한중관계의 변화와 외교당안의 생성 : 「淸季駐韓使館保存檔」을 중심으로

김희신(Kim Hee-Sin) 중국근현대사학회 2011 중국근현대사연구 Vol.50 No.-

This study was conducted in order to advance content analysis on the history of Korea‐China relationship by enhancing accessibility to diplomatic documents called 'Juhansagwandang(駐韓使館檔:Documents of Chinese diplomatic offices in Korea)' in a historical, academic or practical sense. Based on the contents reviewed in this study, we can summarize the characteristics and values of 'Juhansagwandang' in the history of Korea‐China relationship as follows. First, the documents include extensive general materials, which mean unofficial documents worthy to be preserved. Official documents exchanged between Korean and Chinese diplomatic agencies include few general materials worthy to be preserved. Although some are included as accompanying documents, the scope of such documents is very limited. In the sense that they are documents of Chinese diplomatic offices in Korea, such records contain administrative information such as documents prepared, executed or received for administration. As they contain extensive unofficial documents (=general materials) worthy to be preserved, they have historical values. Second, 'Juhansagwandang' are in a mutually complementary relation with Korean diplomatic documents 'Cheongan(淸案).' It is presumed that even many of preserved documents might be lost due to instable political situations at home and overseas during the late Qing Dynasty and the late Yi Dynasty. In many cases, for example, there is jobok(照覆) but without johoi(照會) or vice versa, and this suggests that the continuity of documents could not be maintained due to various factors. Moreover, because diplomatic documents contained in Juhansagwandang and Cheongan were in a request‐reply relation with each other, their contents are sometimes complementary to each other. Furthermore, by comparing two documents on the same issue, we may find clues to differences between the two countries' positions. Third, media carrying contents have the characteristics that they are the tangible original documents. Previous studies on the Korea China relationship in the late Qing Dynasty have relied on diplomatic documents as the records of objective facts in order to examine factual contents related to the relationship of the two countries. Juhansagwandang, which was published as digital materials, is tangible original documents and also contains historical information, and in this sense, it has two values. They have crucial meanings in exploring not only contents but also the actual form and generation process of diplomatic documents. How to interpret such original documents is still a problem to be solved. Fourth, the documents were classified according to the principle of source classification. The classification system of Juhansagwandang followed 'the principle of source, ' which gives priority to the organization handling documents over the contents of documents. This classification system is advantageous in that it shows structure, context, and activity processes involved in an organization's production of records. That is, it is efficient for understanding association among records according to source, and the relation between records and their producers and the background of their production. Fifth, documents during a specific period were completely scattered and lost. Juhansagwandang includes documents generated and accumulated by Chinese diplomatic offices for around 30 years from 1883 to 1913. However, documents for around 4 years from the end of 1894 to the end of 1898 are completely omitted. A very small number of documents in this period have survived, but they are quite exceptional. Some institutions preserve only a part of documents according to their value, but the loss of documents in this period seems to be accidental. It is not clear where the lost records are kept at present.

폐유리를 이용한 발포여재의 수처리 성능 평가

김희서 ( Hee-seo Kim ),임병란 ( Byung-ran Lim ),이수구 ( Soo-koo Lee ),신현상 ( Hyun-sang Shin ),최성필 ( Sung-pil Choi ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.-

기후 변화가 가속화되어 국내에서는 국지성 호우가 증가하는 추세이며, 이에 대해 도심지역 토지의 불투수층이 증가하여 도로 유출수, Combined Sewer Overflows(이하 CSOs라고 한다.) 등 도심에서의 비점오염원에 의하여 하천 수중생물의 폐사, 부영양화, 대장균 및 병원성 미생물의 증가, 중금속 오염 등의 방류 수계에 타격을 줄 수 있기 때문에 이에 따른 환경오염 문제가 대두되고 있다. 그 중에서도 CSOs는 합류식 하수도 시스템에서 강우 시에 처리시설을 거치지 않고 하천이나 해안 등의 수계로 직접 방류되는 경우를 의미하며, 해당 오염 부하량은 강우의 지속시간 및 강우량에 큰 영향을 받는다. 이 때 합류식 하수관로에서는 관로 내부의 퇴적물이 강우 초기에 유출되는 초기세척효과(first flush effect)에 의해 강우 초기에 오염부하량이 높은 값으로 유출된다. 이런 CSOs에 대하여 현재 국내에는 3Q로 차집한 용량에 대하여 2Q의 월류수를 스크리닝 및 완충저류로 이루어진 간이처리만을 통하여 수계로 배출되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 CSOs의 주된 오염물질은 입자성 물질이 가장 큰 비율을 차지한다. 환경부에서 제시한 임의의 도시지역 하수 평균 SS는 60 mg/L의 값을 나타내는데 강우 초기의 CSOs의 SS는 1,936 mg/L의 값으로 고농도의 값을 나타낸다. 이러한 입자성 물질을 제거해 줌으로써 입자성 물질에 영향을 받는 다른 항목에 대해서도 그 농도를 낮출 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 CSOs의 입자성 물질을 제거하기 위한 공정으로 여과(filtration)방법을 선정하였으며, 여과용 담체로는 폐유리를 발포시켜 제조한 여재를 사용하였다. 여과속도 및 여과층 구성에 따른 SS제거효율 및 폐색된 여재의 효율을 복구시키기 위한 역세척 조건에 따른 역세척 효율에 대해 알아보고자 하였다.

논문(論文) : 한국내(韓國內) 중국(中國) 조계교섭(租界交涉)과 중국근대외교(中國近代外交) -주조선총영사(駐朝鮮總領事)의 조계철폐교섭(租界撤廢交涉)을 중심(中心)으로-

김희신 ( Hee Sin Kim ) 중국사학회 2015 中國史硏究 Vol.95 No.-

With the Korea-Japan annexation treaty in 1910, the Korea-China relationship became merely a part of China-Japan relationship. Although the Qing Dynasty fell in 1912, there was not any radical change in Chinese foreign relations. Until other countries approved the government of the Republic of China, however, it was impossible to promote ‘official’ international diplomatic negotiations with China. While Chinese diplomatic relations were under complicated and delicate transition, the issue of the abolishment of foreign settlements (租界撤廢) in Korea as a Japanese colony was raised. Chinese negotiation over the abolishment of foreign settlements in Korea was a process for protecting its people through maintaining vested interests and, on the other hand, a process to establish the status of China in modern international relations assuming equal relations among sovereign states. Then, we are faced with the question of what meanings the analysis of the negotiation process over the abolishment of foreign settlements has in understanding the formation of Chinese modern diplomacy or the history of modern China (Chinese diplomacy). First, the analysis illuminates the basic framework of Chinese diplomatic policies during the late Qing and early republican period. The fact that in the negotiation process, the Chinese government claimed that China had already become ‘one of sovereign states,’ namely, strongly demanded ‘equal treatment’ with other countries from Japan clearly reveals its modern sovereignty consciousness and the orientation of Chinese modern diplomatic negotiation based on the consciousness. In this way, the negotiation process provided a clue to the formation of Republican China`s policy framework that, going beyond the recognition of its Beijing government as a negotiation partner representing the state, pursued an equal status in the international society and participation in the rank of world powers. Second, those in charge of negotiation representing the Chinese government were working bureaucrats of modern diplomacy. The Chinese Consul General in Korea in those days was a translator trained after the establishment of Zongliyamen (總理衙門: the General Office of Foreign Affairs), an institution for Western affairs in charge of negotiation with the West, by the Qing government and, on the other hand, there were diplomats who were carrying out negotiation administration on the frontline of foreign negotiation in various places of the late Qing Dynasty and in the process of installing overseas diplomatic offices. That is, they were competent officials of diplomatic institutions trained through the processes of accumulating knowledge and experience in ‘Western affairs (洋務)’ and reforming the new government in the late Qing Dynasty. They versed in how to apply international public laws imported from the West in actual situations of negotiation. In particular, Fu Shi-ying (富士英) was clearly aware of what it meant in the international society for China to attend and debate at international meetings. Furthermore, they fully recognized the nature of perpetual lease and ownership in international public laws, and drew out successful negotiations through debating on whether agenda such as protocols and memorandums brought by Japan were interpreted and applied in accordance with the public laws. Lastly, features of modern China not found in the conventional description of Chinese modern history are observed. Since the Opium War, China had been counted as one of weak powers, and foreign negotiations always ended up with humiliating concessions. Since the late Qing Dynasty, in fact, China had made efforts to reform its systems and polices internally and to correct unequal treaties with foreign countries externally. Such efforts aimed to achieve the status of an ‘equal sovereign state’ in the international society. On the contrary, the issue of the abolishment of foreign settlements in Korea is interesting in that it was a negotiation led by Japan for correcting an unequal treaty with China. It seemed that there was not diplomacy for so-called small powers, but at least in Chinese diplomacy against Japan in Korea surrounding the abolishment of foreign settlements, China struggled in its modern consciousness to protect the dignity of the state and the interests of Chinese residents living in Korea. As a consequence of the negotiation, furthermore, China reemerged as a state treated equally with other countries, namely, as a most favored nation. This is why after success in diplomatic negotiation with Japan, Acting Minister Ma Ting-liang (馬廷亮) admired Consul General Fu Shi-ying (富士英) for his diplomatic activities and said that the Republic of China had a future.

20세기 전반 재조선 중화상회 연구 - 중화상회의 역사적 변천을 중심으로 -

金希信(Kim Hee-sin) 중국근현대사학회 2020 중국근현대사연구 Vol.86 No.-

The purpose of this study is to review the historical context of the birth of Chinese Commerce Organization and Chinese merchants formed in the process of moving to and settling in each city of Joseon. The establishment of the early Chinese commercial organizations was constituted in the process of establishing the Chinese diplomatic office in Korea(駐韓 中國公館) and forming the Concession(租界), centering on major open ports. The Chinese commercial organizations were not only autonomous, but also performed administrative affairs on the basis of the power entrusted by the Chinese diplomatic office in Korea. For the convenience of communication, the office was established in the Concession by the Chinese Legation in Korea (駐韓使館) as a way to give permanent lease on land to the Chinese organizations. Since each city had regionality, the establishment time and name of the early commercial organizations, and the remodeling and establishment into the Chinese Chamber of Commerce had a somewhat different process. Although the names varied somewhat by region, they are generally similar types of the Chinese commercial organizations. Since then, the Chinese Chamber of Commerce has been established on the basis of the existing Chinese commercial organizations. A key factor in the process of changing to the Chinese Chamber of Commerce was that the Chinese government gave it a legal basis. It was in Seoul that the Chinese Chamber of Commerce was first organized based on the Chinese government"s laws, and then the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, which had a common name and organization in other regions, was established.

복막투석 환자에서 발생한 후천성 천공성 피부병의 성공적 치료 1예

김희서 ( Hui Seo Kim ),이상희 ( Sanghee Lee ),이미지 ( Miji Lee ),주민숙 ( Mihnsook Jue ),이동영 ( Dong Young Lee ),문경협 ( Kyoung Hyub Moon ),김범 ( Beom Kim ) 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회지 Vol.95 No.3

Acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) triggers severe itching, and is observed most often in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Various treatments, such as topical steroids, topical and oral retinoids, allopurinol, and ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy, have been used. However, as the precise etiology is unknown, there are a lack of well-established treatment guidelines. We report a peritoneal dialysis patient with a diagnosis of APD who was resistant to topical steroids, phototherapy, allopurinol, and topical retinoids. Severe pruritus persisted, which compromised his ability to lead a normal life. As a final treatment option, we used oral isotretinoin and the patient experienced a dramatic improvement. (Korean J Med 2020;95:201-204)

在朝鮮 中華商會의 설립과정과 존재양태

金希信(Kim Hee-sin) 중국근현대사학회 2017 중국근현대사연구 Vol.73 No.-

The purpose of this study is to trace the historical transition process of Chinese Chamber of Commerce in Gyeongseong and to examine how Chamber of Commerce(shanghui) of Gyeongseong, which grew up in relation to state power, played a role in overseas Chinese society. The establishment of Shanghui in Gyeongseong, Joseon was directly influenced by the legislation of the Chinese government. In accordance with the enactment of relevant laws and regulations, the names of ‘Zhonghuashangwuzonghui’, ‘Zhonghuazongshanghui’ and ‘Zhonghuashanghui’ were changed to use, and the organizational structure went through rebuilding process of change from ‘the president system’ to ‘the committee system.’ During the period of the Republic of China, the commercial association of overseas Chinese merchants in Gyeongseong was protected by China’s domestic law and incorporated into the national order system of China. Zhonghuazongshanghui has been granted the right to national management and economic construction by enabling effective legal protection for the status establishment of overseas Chinese merchants residing in Gyeongseong. On the other hand, Gyeongseong Zhonghuashanghui was supervised by the Party and the government from the remodeling process, and as compared with the Zhonghuashangwuzonghui or Zhonghuazongshanghui period, the autonomy of the merchant organization towards the nation’s power was likely to weaken. Shanghui in Gyeongseong has been operated by the same laws and regulations of the China government, and a commonality is found in name and organization. Nevertheless, since the overseas Chinese society has been formed in a political and social environment different from that of China, it has to have its own unique character. There was also a certain degree of different process in establishing Shanghui according to different overseas local conditions. Shanghui in Gyeongseong was founded on the basis of a voluntary organized private organization by local overseas Chinese merchants such as Huashangzonghui, and above it with the encouragement of Consulate General. A key change in the process of the transition of Huashangzonghui to Shanghui was that the China government granted Shanghui a legal basis for its existence. If Huashangzonghui was founded voluntarily, Shanghui was founded on government policy. On the other hand, there were aspects similar to Huashangzonghui in membership, organization, functions, etc. of Shanghui. The influence of Tongxiangbang was still strong, and the power arrangements of the leaders group are clearly made by the place of origin. Huashangzonghui not only strived to fulfill its role as an economic organization that provides the commercial interests and conveniences of the membership group in the residence, but also carried out various activities for the public interest of the overseas Chinese society. Shanghui was also required to serve as an advisory body to government agencies such as the China government and consulate general, while also including public service functions such as self-government and dispute settlement, such as trade and industrial disputes. The Shanghui organization has established a prominent position in the Joseon overseas Chinese society, especially by preserving and maintaining the cultural, religious, and social functions and roles traditionally held by Chinese merchants such as overseas Chinese education, sacrifices and charitable projects.

소비자 주관성에 근거한 중국음식점 고객 유형 탐색

김희기(Kim hee-kee),서헌(Seo, Heon) 한국관광레저학회 2016 관광레저연구 Vol.28 No.10

淸末(1882-1894년) 漢城 華商組織과 그 位相

김희신(Kim Hee-Sin) 중국근현대사학회 2010 중국근현대사연구 Vol.46 No.-

This study was conducted as a part of research on the history of overseas Chinese, focusing on the diplomatic relationship between Korea and China, in order to see how Chinese in Korea adapted and organized themselves for the changing new society of Chosun. Chen Shu Tang, who was sent as the General Trade Commissioner, ordered Chinese merchants to recommend an director who would be selected to supervise the ground leveling work, and just after the selection, instructed to establish the ‘Chinese Guild’. The Guild was built on April 26 in 1884 on the site of a purchased tile­roofed house to the left of the Commercial Affair Office. As the guild was established for pursing the common goals, namely, the development and unity of the Chinese merchant association, it was the first private office launched mainly be Chinese merchants. Chinese merchants opened the center for discussing public affairs and recommended the representative of the guild. In addition, it collected 0.4% dues from the members’ trades and used it for the operation of the guild, and even boatman(chuan hu) agreed on ‘Regulations on the Guild’ stipulated by Chinese merchants for raising funds for the operation of the guild. This suggests that there were motives for voluntary participation. However, the selection of director, the representative of the guild, was initiated by the role of supervising the ground leveling work for the Incheon settlement, and official seal was paid by the Commercial Affair Office. Furthermore, half of the money for buying the guild building was borrowed by General Commissioner Chen Shu Tang from official funds. Considering these facts, the guild was launched not as a completely private organization but as ‘a semi­governmental’ institution. During the early stage of Chinese settlement, a federation called ‘Chinese guild(Chinese Merchant Center in Hanseong)’ was organized in April, 1884 in order to lay a stable base. From that time on, the number of Chinese merchants increased and their interests were changed, and as a result, the Chinese Merchant Center in Hanseong was divided into the northern and southern centers on December 9, 1885, In October, 1888, Chinese merchants in Seoul were divided gradually into the northern, southern and Guang groups. Each group recommended their own director. Directors during this period included Xiong Ting­han, Zhu Guan­Guang, Lu En-Shao(Chinese Guild), Lu En-Shao, Jiang Yan­Zi, Chen Guang­Run(Northern Group), Yuan Xian­Zhang, Lin Yue­Jiao, Zhang Chuan­Mao(Southern Group), and Dam Yi­shi (Guang Group). In this way, Chinese merchants in the early Chinese society in Korea formed their groups centering on specific localities, and the structure divided into groups was a remarkable phenomenon. However, while complying with the goals of the organization of the ‘Chinese Guild’, the Chinese merchants wanted to form their own group with culturally homogeneous members, separated the organization, and to promote the group’s common goals. This is also probably the reason that they were grouped by locality according to the traditional principle of organization. ‘Overseas Chinese’ in Korea originated from Chinese merchants at the end of the Qing Dynasty. Different from premodern overseas Chinese irrelevant to state power, modern overseas Chinese grew in close connection with state power. Chinese merchants in Seoul were managed strategically by their motherland from the early period of overseas Chinese social organizations. On the other hand, Chinese merchants used state power by complying with the state’s political strategies actively. As each Chinese merchant had to be a member of a group in order to run their business in Korea, the guilds in Seoul naturally became the center of overseas Chinese society. This provided a base for Chinese merchants to grow and surpassed Korean and Japanese merchants in Seoul where competition among Korea, Japan and China was most fierce.

레스토랑의 공정성 지각이 고객 감정, 회복 만족, 행동 의도간의 관계 연구

김희기(Hee Kee Kim),이준재(Jun Jae Lee),안성근(Sung Keun Ahn) 한국조리학회 2010 한국조리학회지 Vol.16 No.2