산수과 학습평가에 대한 고찰

김한배 한국수학교육학회 1963 수학교육 Vol.1 No.2

환경연구와 환경설계에서의 총체적 접근방식의 고찰 : 맥락주의(contextualism)적 관점을 중심으로

김한배 대구대학교 농업과학연구소 1991 農業科學硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Recently, to overcome the limit of sceintific approaches in environmental research and design which primarily have focused on the empirical interactions between seperate 'environment and human behavior' as 'causal stimulus and response as effect', it seems to emerge the methodological issues; so called "holistic approach" in environmental psychology, and "post-modernism" in environmental design. These two trends of thought seem to use, in common, the concept of "context" in their actual operation, to enlarge their view from the interactions between the restricted elements to the relationships between environmental phenomena in more broad sense. Thus, this research tries to reveal and compare the context and methodlogies in "contextualism" in those two fields above and seek their applicability to enhance our environment more attached to human value in a holistic sens that has been neglected in the partial, elementalistic and reductionistic attitudes in the modernistic trends in environmental research and design. The "contextualism" in the 'holistic' environmental psychology emphasizes undevidable three aspects in the environmental context, which are spartial, temporal and cutural ones. The concepts of "contextualism" in the 'post-modernistic' environmental design have been most conspicuosly, and directly used in 'historicism' (one of the postmodernistic trends), on the other hand, in 'deconstructionism'(the other post-modernistic trend) they use 'reversal context' to broaden and reaffirm the context. Anyhow, the two trends in 'post-modern' environmental design simillary and eventualy seem to try to accomplish the 'holistic' character by the 'symbiosis of dual(oppositional) context' ; that is, "the part and the whole, history and the future, reason and intution", in form, function and meaning of their works.

基金運用의 問題點 및 效率的 管理方案

金漢培 호남대학교 1991 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.12 No.1

Korea's unified budget is consist of three parts, a general account budget, special account budgets, and funds. All three are important for their effects on national economy, but only the general account budget has legislative process of budget cycly. The very reason is that executive branch needs to have some financial resources which bear marks of security, autonomy, elasticity, investment and sucession. Although such special financial resources are available, several dysfunction are occured from the absence of legislative control or public regulation. Most of all, executive branches who have funds, whether it is public or not, use them at extremly discretion. In this article, therefore, I suggest several alternatives of how to manage the funds efficiently. First, the unification of funds are necessarily demanded, at any level. Especially the small funds which can be replaced by the general account budget, have to be cut off. Second, the criteria of using funds should be established, by which the manpower, resources and organizations are managed. That is, funds are should be managed as economically as possible. Third, the public regulations of funds should be needed. Although funds are used 'off budget', they can be best controlled by legislative branch. So the fund - managing - acts must be established. Fourth, funds should be administered not in individual level, but comprehensive level. They must relate to national planning, government programming and budgeting. E.P.B. and other national planning organizations have to contact intimately with the branches who deal with funds, and individual actors must overcome sectionalism on behalf of national interests. Finally, with the case of altering the actors of funds, a sufficient consideration must be given, so that each actor has its own operating methods and purposes, which fundamentally adds the public benefits.

敎育發展을 위한 行政의 役割

金漢培 湖南大學校 1987 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.8 No.1

Perhaps the most outsanding fact pertaining to the developing nations today is that they nees to do so many things to achive the sought-after transition to a modern state. And there are often so many needs in competion for the scarce capital resources that they cannot all be met at once, and this raises a crucial question of priorities. Where should resources be allocated in order to derive maximum benefit for the society as a whole? The specific answer to this question will of course vary from country to country and will depend upon the particular combination of circumstances outlining the special nature of the development problem in each. While noting this, however, it cam also be asserted that education of one area to which most developing countries should (and do) give high priority. People tend to regard education as a means to the attainment of a better life, whereas government want it in order to respond a positively to some of the demands of the people, and also because they see a more literate population as a source of national pride. And they clearly see the need to creat a literate and technically skilled population as one of the major prerequisites for national economic growth and development. The contributions of education to development are like there. The quality of human resources is dependant upon education, and it is directly applied to economic development. The contributions of education to economic growth extend beyond manpower training. They include a level of literacy which permits reliable and effective communication between the specialized development agencies on the hand and the agricultural and industrial workers engaged in the development process on the other. Education contributes to a nation's civic and political development as well as to its economic development. The lessons of the schoolroom and the associations with the

동양적 세계관의 관점에서 본 한국도시경관의 특성

김한배,이규목 한국조경학회 1994 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.21 No.4

It has been generally agreed that the city form especially in the preindustrial age resembled their own world view, either in the western or the eastern cultural sphere. So, we aimed to redefine the characteristics of oriental world views compared with the western one, in order to find the relative nature of the Korean townscapes. It is said that the both world views(of western and oriental) are composed of the contrastive binary concepts in common, but there seems to have been nearly contrary differences in these two world views. Wheareas the former was based on the passively segregational and oppositional dualism, the latter, on the dynamically harmonious and complementary dualism, called generally as 'Yin(陰) and Yang(陽)'. Thus, the oriental world view can be thought as the 'philosophy of the relationship', which aim to unify the dualism ultimately with the help of this relationship. So, we can assume a certain third and intermediate concept between these dual concepts of the world view, which can unify these two into the one holistic whole. And the focuses of the most traditional oriental philosophies were concentrated on this, so called, 'the third concept', namely Taoistic 'Tochu(道樞)', Buddhistic 'Kong(空)' or Confucian 'Chung(中)'. And this triple concept, including the third one, of the oriental world view revealed a more concrete form of the cosmological relationship, as the triple structure; 'Heaven(天), Earth(地), and Man(人)', in which the 'Man' is thought as the middle or the center of the world. In this manner, we could found this oriental 'triple world view' was revealed in the real topology of most places in the Korean traditional city and the whole townscape itself. So, in the scale of houses and the roads around them, we can construe the 'Maru(a central board-floored room)' and the 'Madang(a inner court)' as the 'third and intermediate space(中)' between the interior space(陰) and exterior space(陽) in the former, and between the private house(陰) and the public residential road(陽) in the former case, and between the dual parts(陰,陽) of the city representing the contrary social classes and the contrastive visual landscapes. So, we insist that this 'triple world view' represented in the townscape can be one of the most important characteristics of Korean traditional townscape. And this third intermediate spaces, which generate the active social contact and the harmonious relationship among the people, can be the most important cues, as the central places, in the interpretation of the Korean townscapes even in contemporary circumstance, which inherits its spatial and social frame more or less from the preceding one.

도시경관계획의 작성박싱에 관한 비교연구

김한배 대한국토·도시계획학회 2003 國土計劃 Vol.38 No.5

This research was conducted to find out common principles for Urban Landscape Plan through the comparative study on advanced cases of some prominent foreign and domestic cities. The general criteria for making the Urban Landscape Master Plan found out can be summarized as follows.1. Title*the Urban Landscape Master Plan(or the Urban Landscape Conservation Plan; Urban Landscape Formation Plan)2. Goals and Objectives*. goals: 'conservation', 'restoration' and 'creation' of the townscape characteristics*. objectives: the promotion of the urban 'amenity', 'identity', 'variety' and 'sustainability'. 3. Survey and Analysis*. 'locality' and 'historicity' of the city*. 'natural', 'cultural' and 'visual' components of the townscape*. townscape assessment by experts and/or general citizens4. Master Plan*. constitution: 'typological landscape plan(structure plan)' + 'regional landscape plan(local plan)'*. major view points-major view types: 'the prospecting landscape' and 'the surrounding landscape'-the landscape structure: classified into the 'point'·'line' and 'plane' type landscape resources-major landscape elements*. designation of the legal zones: "landscape management area"

조선시대 산수화의 경관관이 원림양식에 미친 영향

김한배,Kim, Han-Bai 한국조경학회 2012 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

조선시대의 산수화의 시대별 대표유형들은 지식인들이 공유하는 이상향의 역할을 해왔으며, 동시대 원림양식의 형성에 직간접적 영향을 미쳐 왔다. 특히 조선초기의 대표적 산수화인 <몽유도원도>는 소형 계류부에 입지하면서 은둔지향적인 '도원형 원림'을 형성시키는 배경이 되었으며, 이는 지속적으로 조선조 원림의 보편적 원형의 역할을 해왔다. 조선중기에는 <무이구곡도>의 전파와 함께 '구곡형 원림'이 등장한다. 구곡형 원림은 굴곡이 많은 대규모 계류에 입지하면서 은둔형의 '곡(曲)'과 조망형의 '경(景)이 결합된 복합적 경관특성을 보여준다. 조선후기의 <진경산수화>는 승경탐사를 통해 팔경문화를 토착화 시키면서 '조망형 원림'을 촉발시켰고, 사회적으로 원림이용이 보다 개방된 것으로 나타난다. 또한 진경산수화의 연장선상에서 나타났던 민화풍의 <풍수명당도>는 '길지형 원림'을 통해 원림과 주변부 지역간의 풍수적 형국을 강화하게 하였으니, 내명당 외명당의 구조에 따르는 내원과 외원의 이중구조가 그것이다. 이렇게 조선조 전반의 원림경관은 시대별 산수화 대표유형의 영향 아래 은신과 조망의 양면적 가치를 시기적, 지역적 특징으로 부각시키면서 변화해 왔다고 판단된다. The popular landscape paintings in Jaseon Dynasty had become the prototypes of the paradise of people and played the essential role in making the typical types of garden in those times. The representative types of the paintings include <Mongyudowondo>, <Muigugokdo>, <Jinkyung Sansuhwa> and <Poongsu Myungdangdo> etc. They made ways to produce the typical types of Joseon landscape gardens such as 'Dowon Type Gardens', 'Gugok Type Gardens', 'Prospect Type Gardens' and 'Gilji Type Gardens' etc. The types of garden above showed their landscape characteristics corresponding with the types of painting respectively. The 'Dowon Type Gardens' mostly located at the mountain valley showed enclosed landscape suited for refuge it corresponds with the composition of <Mongyudowondo>. The 'Gugok Type Gardens' mostly located at the long and winding valley composed of sequential sceneries with open and enclosed views corresponding with the composition of <Muigugokdo>. The 'Prospect Type Gardens' located mostly m the hilly sites holds open views contrasting with the earlier types, and activated with the influence of <Jinkyung Sansuhwa>. The 'Gilji Type Gardens' influenced by <Poongsu Myungdangdo> extended their territory beyond the main garden and made the vicinity areas, including the whole village, a paradise in respect with feng shui. Most of the garden types in Joseon Dynasty have alternated the bipolar characteristics of Prospect and Refuge in time and area respectively.

서울 서촌(西村) 역사문화탐방로 조성방안 연구 - 인왕산록과 배운동천 수계(白雲洞川 水系) 지역을 중심으로 -

김한배,Kim, Han-Bai 한국조경학회 2007 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

The direction of this study lies in exploring a schematic proposal for a historical walk over an area called 'West Village' located inside the old city wall of Seoul. The case study area is comparable to the historic 'North Village,' including historical assets such as the Kyunghi Royal Palace and Sajik-dan. Moreover, it has spectacular scenic spots surrounding Mt. Inwang and Baegundong Stream, although this has now been paved over for use as a road. This village maintained its fame as a hub of art through the early 20th century. The comprehensive approach of this study ranges from the historical and cultural to the ecological and visual. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. A themed walk would commemorate the great leader of national independence, Baegbeom Kim Ku, as well as the famous Korean style realistic landscape painting school under the leadership of Kyumjae Jeong Seon, a great artist of the Josun Dynasty. In addition, a scenic streamside walk would accentuate the surrounding panoramic vistas which were drawn by Kyumjae, while at the same time allowing the ecological system of Baegundong Stream to be uncovered and restored.

포스트모던 조경설계의 다원적 전개 양상

김한배,Kim, Han-Bai 한국조경학회 2005 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.32 No.6

The styles of contemporary landscape design have diversified since the emergence of Postmodernism in landscape architecture. The diversification was mostly influenced by contemporary fine arts and architecture. This study examines the pluralistic development of Postmodern landscape design through the investigation of the influences from those sister arts. In this point of view, the main approaches of Postmodern landscape design are thought to be classified into three categories;'the formal abstract approach', 'the figurative approach' and 'the new picturesque approach'. The first category of the formal abstract approach was formulated with the concepts and vocabulary of Minimal Art and Installation Art. Its representative icons such as 'point grids' and 'stripes', and the main concepts such as the sense of 'flahess', 'expansion' and 'materiality' are mostly thought to be originated from these art forms. The second category of the figurative approach is characterised by the concepts and vocabulary of Pop Art and New Image Paintings. Its representative icons such as 'map' or 'figurative forms' and main concepts like the sense of 'reality', 'context' and 'symbolism' are mostly thought to be originated from these art forms. The third category of the new picturesque approach was formulated with the concepts and vocabulary of Land Art and Late Deconstructive Architecture. Its representative icons such as 'hybrid', 'layer' and 'fold', and the main concepts such as the sense of 'complexity', 'continuity' and 'reversibility' are thought to be originated from these art forms. The research shows that the main stream of contemporary landscape design seems to be gradually moving toward the second and third approach above, in step with the cultural orientation and the dynamism of contemporary urban life. Therefore, the study focused especially on the new picturesque approach which would be in greater need for coping with the hybrid culture today.

영남 중부권의 지역성과 도시경관

김한배,Kim, Han-Bae 대한건축사협회 1998 建築士 Vol.1998 No.6