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蛇梁鎭倭變(사량진왜변)과 退溪(퇴계) 李滉(이황)의 和親論(화친론)
김용헌 ( Yong Hun Kim ) 퇴계학연구원 2015 退溪學報 Vol.137 No.-
T`oegye Yi Hwang, like other bureaucrats and intellectuals in the Early Chosun Dynasty, regarded Japanese, especially Waein[倭人] who occasionally invaded and plundered the southern region of Chosun, as inferior beings. He also denounced their assault on Saryang, a southern costal town in Chosun, as a brutal act. However, he insisted that Chosun government should accept their request for the restoration of friendly relationship between Chosun and Daemado, because he thought if their demand were not accepted by Chosun government, Waein in the Daemado would invade his country. This means that T`oegye advocated the restoration of peace and amity between Chosun and Daemado in view point of practical interests. A judgement based on interests usually conflicts with moral values ofNeo-Confucianism. So he also tried to solve this problem by justifying his own assertion on the basis of Confucian values. The gist of what he said is as follows. Firstly, The safety of the people is more important than anything else in policy making. Wars threaten the safety and life of the people, therefore we should keep the peace of the world. Secondly, even though they are wild and inferior beings like beasts, all the peoples have their own manners and customs. So we must not enforce our manners upon Waein. Thirdly, the way a sage king runs the world is broad and tolerant. Accordingly, we should forgive Waein regretting their mistake and accept their request.
율곡 이이의 동북아 인식과 21세기 동북아의 평화와 공동 번영
김용헌 ( Yong Hun Kim ) (사)율곡연구원 2013 율곡학연구 Vol.27 No.-
Two criteria for formulating foreign policy which Yulgok(1536∼1584, his real name is Lee Yi), who served in various high-ranking government posts as a famous Neo-Confucian in Joseon Dynasty, proposed are gwon(權) and eui(義). Yulgok thought that it would be not difficult for a king to govern his country if he coped with change by means of gwon(權) and carried out a task in accordance with eui(義). Gwon(權) means to follow the golden means according to circumstances and eui(義) means to deal with issues rightly. According to these criteria, Yulgok gave priority to profit of his own country and interests of his country`s people in solving international problems of Northeast Asia. At the same time he maintained mutual trust between countries and objected to military attacks against other countries. On the basis of Yugok`s diplomatic policy, we have to keep two principles, that is, the prosperity of Korea and peace and co-prosperity of Northeast Asia about issues of Northeast Asia. Our strategy for Northeast Asia must be focused on the sustainable improvement of Korean people`s life, their national confidence and cooperation among Northeast Asian countries, and the peace and co-prosperity of Northeast Asia.