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Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation by Urologists in South Korea
서덕하,제성욱,최시민,감성철,김새웅,양대열,문두건,양상국,문기학,현재석 대한남성과학회 2016 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.34 No.3
Purpose: This study discusses the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE) using various approaches with the goal of evaluating the methods of diagnosis and treatment of PE in clinical practice in 2014 in South Korea.Materials and Methods: We surveyed 200 urologists and andrologists who treated patients with PE from July 1, 2014 to July 29, 2014 using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of 4 parts: disease, comorbidities, diagnosis, and treatment. Using the answers to this survey, current trends in the diagnosis and treatment of PE were investigated using weighted averages.Results: The median number per month of patients who were diagnosed with PE was 14 patients (interquartile range, 7∼24). The time to ejaculation necessary for a diagnosis of PE was considered to be <1 minute by 12% of respondents, <2 minutes by 27%, <3 minutes by 28%, <5 minutes by 13%, and 20% stated that diagnosis was based on a patient’s subjective complaint. The treatment methods preferred by PE patients were reported to be pharmacological treatment (87%), surgical treatment (9.5%), and behavioral management (3.5%). The treatment methods used by respondents were pharmacological treatment (77%), surgical treatment (15%), and behavioral management (14%). The most commonly used pharmacological treatment was the oral administration of dapoxetine (97%).Conclusions: In 2014 in South Korea, various methods were used to diagnose and treat PE. The most commonly used treatment for PE was the oral administration of dapoxetine. It was also found that surgical treatment was applied in some cases.
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이문규,전수민,김수진,김새웅,최범규 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Recent studies have shown that pressure sensors for monitoring bladder pressure in real time are under way to develop treatments for urinary bladder dysfunction. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the sensitivity and linearity of touchmode capacitive pressure sensor (TMCPS), which is appropriate for measuring urinary bladder pressure. In addition, this study analyzes TMCPS’s ability responding to geometric design parameters. Finite element model consists of diaphragm and insulator plane. The modeling is based on three geometric design variables: size of square diaphragm, thickness of diaphragm and gap distance between diaphragm and insulator. The result from finite element analysis (FEA) based on those design variables can be used to produce capacitance-pressure (C-P) graph and the first order regression curve enables this study to analyze the sensitivity and linearity within 20~100cmH2O which is the measurable range of urinary bladder pressure. Regarding the effect on the thickness of diaphragm under the gap distance of 4μm corresponding to the square size of 2.6mm, this research shows that remarkable decline in sensitivity from 0.0031pF/cmH2O to 0.0022pF/cmH2O occurs as thickness increases from 11μm to 15μm. Even in the case of 5μm gap distance, sensitivity is shown to decrease from 0.0032pF/cmH2O to 0.0015pF/cmH2O as thickness increases from 11μm to 15μm. From a linearity point of view, however,it always marks higher value than 0.9 regardless of its thickness and describes relatively small deviation under 3.0mm. The study shows that as the size of diaphragm gets larger, sensitivity increases but linearity decreases. In addition, the thicker the diaphragm is, the less sensitivity the sensors are. However, the change in linearity turns out to be invalid. This research could be helpful in designing a touch-mode capacitive pressure sensor for urinary bladder pressure measurement.
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김소영,이미혜,김수연,최순호,석순정,김새웅 한국기상학회 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.49 No.3
We present a comprehensive discussion on what cause high ozone episodes at a suburban photochemical observation site of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (population ~23 million). The observational site, Taehwa Research Forest (TRF), is situated ~30 km from the center of Seoul. In June 2011, we observed two very distinctive ozone periods-high ozone (peak up to 120 ppbv) and low ozone (peak up to 60 ppbv) in the mid and early month, respectively. The trace gas measurement dataset, especially CO and NOX clearly indicate that less anthropogenic influences during the high ozone period. Volatile organic compound (VOC) measurement results show that at the observational site, biogenic VOCs (mostly isoprene) contribute most of chemical reactivity towards OH, although toluene from anthropogenic activities was observed in higher concentrations. Back-trajectory analysis indicates that air-masses from the forest part of Korea Peninsula were dominant influences during the high ozone episode event. On the other hand, Aged air masses from China were the dominant influence during the low ozone episode event. Model calculations conducted using the University of Washington Chemical Mechanism (UWCM) box model, also consistently show that BVOC, especially isoprene photochemistry, can be the significantly contribution to local ozone formation in the given photochemical environments of TRF. These research results strongly suggest that ozone control strategy in the Eastern Asian megacities, mostly situated in surrounding forest areas should be based on the comprehensive scientific understanding in BVOC photochemistry and interplays between anthropogenic and biogenic interactions.
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