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경두개직류자극 전기장의 분포 특성에 비등방성 전기 전도율이 미치는 영향 분석 :3차원 고해상도 유한요소 두뇌 모델을 통한 연구
김상혁,서현상,조영선,이원희,김태성,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Suh, Hyun-Sang,Cho, Young-Sun,Lee, Won-Hee,Kim, Tae-Seong 대한의용생체공학회 2011 의공학회지 Vol.32 No.4
For effective stimulation with tDCS, spatial focality of induced electrical field(EF) and current density(CD) is one of the important factors to be considered. Recently, there have been some studies to improve the spatial focality via different types of electrodes and their new configurations: some improvements using ring electrodes were reported over the conventional pad electrodes. However, most of these studies assumed isotropic conductivities in the head. In this work, we have investigated the effect of tissue anisotropy on the spatial focality of tDCS with the 4 + 1 ring electrode configuration via a 3-D high-resolution finite element(FE) head model with anisotropic conductivities in the skull and white matter. By examining the profiles of the induced EF from the head models with isotropic and anisotropic conductivities respectively, we found that the spatial focality of the induced EF significantly drops and get diffused due to tissue anisotropy. Our analysis suggests that it is critical to incorporate tissue anisotropy in the effective stimulation of the brain via tDCS.
단축형 사상체질 진단설문지(KS-15)의 문항 축소 연구
김상혁,박기현,백영화,장은수,이시우,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Park, Ki-Hyun,Baek, Young-Hwa,Jang, Eun-Su,Lee, Siwoo 사상체질의학회 2020 사상체질의학회지 Vol.32 No.1
Objectives The purpose of this study is to reduce the question items in Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire (KS-15) and to assess the validity. Methods The subjects of this study were 1,553 people who had information on body shape, personality, and symptoms among the data established at the Korean Medicine Data Center. Among them, 155 people were separated into a test group to assess the validity, and the remaining 1,398 were used as training groups for model development. The reduction question items were finally confirmed through discussion by two experts. The model development went through Multinomial Logistic Regression. Results & Conclusions The Percent Correctly Predicted (PCP) in the test group was 60.00% (58.49% in men and 60.78% in women). The PCP of each constitution was 72.6% in Taeeumin, 53.3% in Soeumin, and 50% in Soyangin. The accuracy rate of KS-10 seems to be reasonable considering the ease of use of reduced time required.
열다한소탕과 태음조위탕·조위승청탕의 소증 분석을 위한 의사결정나무 구성
김상혁,박만영,이시우,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Park, Man Young,Lee, Siwoo 사상체질의학회 2017 사상체질의학회지 Vol.29 No.3
Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the decision making process of prescribing Yeoldahanso-tang and Taeeumjowi-tang Choweseuncheng-tang using decision tree. Methods We used collected the prospective clinical data of TE type from September 2012 to July 2015. In this study, we used gender, BMI, blood pressure, pulse and clinical symptoms (digestion, sweat, defecation, urination, sleep, physical status, emotion, heat-coldness, water consumption, facial color) as variables. Decision trees were analyzed using open source R version 3.3.2. Results & Conclusions We found that the decision trees differed among institutions. However, in all institutions, it was found that stool type (ordinary symptom), urine frequency (ordinary and present symptom) and anxiety (ordinary symptom) were important in the decision of prescription. Besides, clinical informations such as sex, Body Mass Index and blood pressure affected the prescription decision.
사상체질병증 임상진료지침: 사상체질병증 검사 및 체질진단
김상혁,이시우,이준희,이의주,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Lee, Siwoo,Lee, Jun-Hee,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2015 사상체질의학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Objectives This study was purposed to develop the clinical practice guideline for examination of Sasangin disease and diagnosis for Sasang Constitution. Methods "Donguisusebowon" and many articles were reviewed and examined for developing clinical practice guidelines. And "Guideline for Educating Public Health Korean Medical Doctors on Diagnosis of Sasang Constitution" was basically used to develop clinical guidelines. Results & Conclusions By researching and discussing the examination of Sasangin disease and diagnosis for Sasang Constitution, we make the principle of the clinical practice guideline, including methods using body shape, facial shape, vocal characteristic and personality etc.
악심(惡心) 구토(嘔吐)를 주소(主訴)로 하는 태음인(太陰人) 소뇌경색(小腦硬塞) 환자(患者) 치험(治驗) 1례(一例)
김상혁,석재화,이갑수,최경주,함통일,황민우,이의주,송일병,고병희,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Seok, Jae-Hwa,Lee, Kab-Soo,Choi, Kyung-Ju,Ham, Tong-Il,Hwang, Min-Woo,Lee, Eui-Ju,Song, Il-Byung,Koh, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 2006 사상체질의학회지 Vol.18 No.2
1. Objectives This case is to report that a Taeumin patient with nausea and vomiting treated by Taeumin's Contitutional medications. 2. Methods This patient was treated by several Constitutional medications and acupuncture treatment according to the result of Sasang Constitutional diagnosis with western management. We used Visual analogue scale(VAS) for the assessment of nausea and vomiting. 3. Results and Conclusions This patient's chief complaints were nausea and vomiting. So She was treated by Taeumin's Constitutional medications(especially Galgeunhaegui-tang, Cheongsimyeonja-tang) and showed a positive response about her symptom. Bur then we consider that studies about that case like this are mote needed.
단축형 사상체질 진단설문지(KS-15)의 베트남인 적용 예비연구
김상혁,박기현,정경식,이시우,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Park, Ki-Hyun,Jeong, Kyoungsik,Lee, Siwoo 사상체질의학회 2021 사상체질의학회지 Vol.33 No.2
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire(KS-15) when was applied to the Vietnamese. Methods The subjects of this study were Vietnamese participants who visited National Hospital of Traditional Medicine in Hanoi in 2012-2013 among the data established at the Korean Medicine Data Center. Among them, 188 people were used to assess the reliability, and 116 people were used to assess the validity. The reliability test was conducted through test-retest analysis, and the validity test was conducted through cross analysis comparing to diagnosis by Sasang Constitutional experts. Results & Conclusions Three items of total 14 items, except for BMI, showed 0.4 or below in Kappa, 3 items were ranged in 0.4-0.6 and 8 items showed 0.6 or over, using 188 people. The concordance rate between the results of KS-15 and diagnosis of experts was 66.4% in 116 people (85.4% in Taeeumin, 47.4% in Soeumin, and 64.9% in Soyangin). The KS-15 could be usable for supporting to diagnose the Sasang constitution of the Vietnamese.
김상혁,장은수,고병희,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Jang, Eun-Su,Koh, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 2012 사상체질의학회지 Vol.24 No.3
Objectives For the methodological review on the accuracy study of questionnaire for Sasang constitution diagnosis, we searched the various diagnostic accuracy study of the questionnaires for Sasang constitution. Methods We searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, KISS, and DBPIA. Additionally, We hand-searched the main oriental medical journals. All articles were independently reviewed and selected by two evaluators. And selected articles were assessed by "Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool"(QUADAS Tool) for the methodological review. Results The twenty eight studies initially identified studies were included in the methodological review. The part of "Acceptable reference standard", "Uninterpretable results reported" and "Withdrawals explained" was very weak in the risk of bias. The part of "Representative spectrum", "Acceptable delay between tests", "Incorporation avoided", "Reference standard results blinded", "Index test results blinded" was unclear in the description. Conclusions For the further study on the accuracy study of Sasang constitution diagnosis, we have to improve the aforementioned errors. Additionally, the checklist for the description of study might be needed.
마찰교반공정을 통한 강재의 개질 영역에서의 미세조직에 미치는 합금원소의 영향
김상혁,이광진,우기도,Kim, Sang Hyuk,Lee, Kwang Jin,Woo, Kee Do 한국재료학회 2015 한국재료학회지 Vol.25 No.8
In this study, to confirm the effect of alloying elements on the phase transformation and conditions of the friction stir process, we processed two materials, SS400 and SM45C steels, by a friction stir process (FSP) under various conditions. We analyzed the mechanical properties and microstructure of the friction stir processed zone of SS400 and SM45C steels processed under 400RPM - 100mm/min conditions. We detected no macro (tunnel defect) or micro (void, micro crack) defects in the specimens. The grain refinement in the specimens occurred by dynamic recrystallization and stirring. The microstructure at the friction stir processed zone of the SS400 specimen consisted of an ${\alpha}$-phase. On the other hand, the microstructure at the friction stir processed zone of the SM45 specimen consisted of an ${\alpha}$-phase, $Fe_3C$ and martensite due to a high cooling rate and high carbon content. Furthermore, the hardness and impact absorption energy of the friction stir processed zone were higher than those of base metals. The hardness and impact absorption energy of FSPed SM45C were higher than that of FSPed SS400. Our results confirmed the effect of alloying elements on the phase transformation and mechanical properties of the friction stir processed zone.
태음인 표병군과 리병군의 증후 차이에 대한 분석 : 다기관 약진 대상자를 중심으로
김상혁,박기현,장은수,김종열,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Park, Ki-Hyun,Jang, Eun-Su,Kim, Jong-Yoel 사상체질의학회 2009 사상체질의학회지 Vol.21 No.2
1. Objectives : The aim of this study was to survey the ordinary symptoms of TE type(Tae-eumin) and to compare the tendency of their symptoms according to the Exterior- or Interior- disease. 2. Methods : We recruited 659 TE type(Tae-eumin)-subjects in multi-oriental hospitals and researched their ordinary symptoms. Subjects were diagnosed by the Sasang Constitutional specialists in oriental hospitals, and had remarkable improvement in the chief complains after Sasang Constitutional Medication. Subjects were divided two groups. One group had the Exterior-cold disease and they took the prescription for the Exerior-cold disease(such as Taeumjowi-tang, Jowiseungcheong-tang, Nocyongdaebo-tang etc.). The other group had the Interior-febrile disease and they took the prescription for the Interior-febrile disease(such as Galgunhaegui-tang, Yeoldahanso-tang, Cheongsimyeonja-tang, Gongjinhugwon-dan etc.). All subjects answered the questionnaire about their symptoms. We found the differences of answers using the Chi-square test between-group comparisons. We analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for Korean. 3. Results and Conclusions : In symptoms, Quantity of meal(p=.009), Perspiration of head and face(p=.001), Aspect of Excrement(p=.027), Presence of pain after excrement(p=.001), Frequency of urination at night(p=.003), Clarity of urine(p=.041), Sleep during the day(p=.049), Warm or cold feeling on abdomen(p=.007), etc. are different according to the Exterior- or Interior- disease. We found the differences of symptoms between not only the constitutional types but also the types of disease.
김상혁,김호석,박기현,이시우,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Kim, Ho-Seok,Park, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Siwoo 사상체질의학회 2016 사상체질의학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Objectives The purpose of this study is to report on the collecting status of the prospective clinical data, that is designed to find clinical factors for determining the constitutional prescription.Methods We collected the prospective clinical data of 1208 subjects in the 10 oriental hospitals and 2 oriental clinic, from September 2012 to July 2015. Subjects were diagnosed and prescribed by the Sasang Constitution specialist. We counted the usage frequency of each constitutional herbal formula. Besides we check the main chief complaints on each constitutional herbal formula.Results & Conclusions In TE type, Yeoldahanso-tang, Cheongsimnyeonja-tang were used in high frequency. In SE type, Palmulgunja-tang, Gwakhyangjunggi-san were used in high frequency. In SY type, Hyeongbangjihwang-tang, Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang were used in high frequency. The both of high frequency-prescriptions in TE types were for the Interiorheat disease, expecially liver-heat lung-dry symptomatology. The main chief complaint of high frequency-prescriptions was fatigue in every constitution. We hope that the process of constitutional prescription would be standardized through the subsequent researches.