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김동억,박노복,홍순중,강동현,우영회,이종원,안율균,한신희,Dong Eok, Kim,Nou Bog, Park,Sun Jung, Hong,Dong Hyeon, Kang,Young Hoe, Woo,Jong Won, Lee,Yul Kyun, Ahn,Shin Hee, Han 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2022 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.24 No.4
Growing agricultural products in greenhouses controlled by creating suitable climatic conditions and root zone of crop has been an important research and application subject. Appropriate environmental conditions in greenhouse are necessary for optimum plant growth improved crop yields. This study aimed to establish web-based remote monitoring system which monitors crops growth environment and status of crop on a real-time basis by applying to greenhouses IT technology connecting greenhouse equipment such as temperature sensors, soil sensors, crop sensors and camera. The measuring items were air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, EC and pH of nutrient solution, medium temperature, EC of medium, water content of medium, leaf temperature, sap flow, stem diameter, fruit diameter, etc. The developed greenhouse monitoring system was composed of the network system, the data collecting device with sensors, and cameras. Remote monitoring system was implemented in a server/client environment. Information on greenhouse environment and crops is stored in a database. Items on growth and environment is extracted from stored information, could be compared and analyzed. So, A integrated monitoring system for smart greenhouse would be use in application practice and understanding the environment and crop growth for smart greenhouse management. sap flow, stem diameter and pant-water relations
논문 : 노외기계시스템공학 ; 소립종자용 평면배열 진공노즐식 반자동 파종기 개발에 관한 연구
김동억 ( Dong Eok Kim ),이공인 ( Gong In Lee ),강동현 ( Dong Hyeon Kang ),김유호 ( You Ho Kim ),이혜진 ( Hye Jin Lee ),김현환 ( Hyeon Hwan Kim ),김종구 ( Jong Ku Kim ),김용현 ( Yong Hyeon Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2011 바이오시스템공학 Vol.36 No.6
A large scale seeding system was stable in terms of techniques but a convenient seeding system of small size was unsettled. This study was performed to develop a semi-automatic seeder for small and medium sized scale farm. To investigate optimum needle diameter and vacuum pressure was used vacuum suction needle seeder. Although the needle diameter according to the kinds of seed was different, the needle diameter for salvia and lettuce seed was suitable for 0.34 mm needle nozzle and 0.4 mm taper nozzle. The prototype consisted a seeding frame attached with needle nozzle, seed hopper, vibrating device, seeding part, vacuum ejector, seed tube etc.. As the result with the experiments, the seeding rate of the seeder was 92% and more at 0.34 mm diameter needle nozzle and 0.4 mm taper nozzle. Eccentric weight for seed hopper vibration was suitable that weight is 11 g and eccentric distance is 0.5 mm. Vibration acceleration of upward direction was 0.363 m/s2. Working capacity of the seeder was possible 160 trays per hour. It was possible for sowing small seeds but it was required to make compact and simple model.
김동억(Dong-eok Kim),김봉수(Bong-soo Kim),김현배(Hyun-bae Kim),윤용철(Yong-cheol Yoon),김치호(Chi-ho Kim),김현태(Hyeon-tae Kim) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2012 농업과학연구 Vol.39 No.4
The objective of this study is to observe growth pattern of grand rapids(lettuce) according to different experimental conditions for minimizing its growth period such as composition of nutrient, irradiation time of light source and cultivation mode. The culture of water spray type using seeds of grand rapids was performed during growth period of total 50 days. Experimental conditions consist of five compositions of nutrient (PW 0.5 mS/㎝, PW 1.0 mS/㎝, PY 0.5 mS/㎝, PY 1.0 mS/㎝, PW 2.0 mS/㎝) and three irradiation times of light source (12h(on) / 12h(off), 18h(on) / 06h(off), 24h(on) / 00h(off)). Illumination was adjusted to ratio of 7:1:1 of red, blue and white color, respectively. Indoor environmental condition for cultivating grand rapids is as follows: temperature (19-22℃), relative humidity (60-70%) and carbon dioxide (1,000-1,200 ppm). The data were obtained from five iteration tests. The maximum growth level was observed in the experimental condition of 18 hr(on) / 06 hr(off) and PY 1 mS/㎝ for 1st week of cultivation period, 24 hr(on) / 00 hr(off) and PY 1mS/㎝ for 2nd week of cultivation period, and 24 hr(on) / 00hr(off) and PW 1 mS/㎝ for 3rd week of cultivation period, respectively. On the contrary, the minimum growth level was observed in the experimental condition of 18 hr(on) / 06 hr(off) and PW 0.5 mS/cm for 1st week of cultivation period, 12 hr(on) / 12 hr(off) and PW 0.5 mS/㎝ for 2nd week of cultivation period, and 12 hr(on) / 12 hr(off) and PY 0.5 mS/㎝ for 3rd week of cultivation period, respectively. Based on the results obtained from this study, it is concluded that the growth level of grand rapids varied with different irradiation time of light source and composition ratio of nutrient according to cultivation period.
초임계 이산화탄소의 수직 상향 유동에서의 관내 열전달에 관한 실험적 연구
김동억(Dong Eok Kim) 대한기계학회 2014 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.38 No.7
초임계 CO₂의 수직상향유동에서의 난류열전달에 관한 실험적연구가 내경 4.5 mm 의 원형관에서 수행되었다. 실험범위는 유체평균온도 29 - 115 ℃, 압력 74.6 - 102.6 bar, 국부 벽면 열유속 38 - 234 kW/m² 그리고 질량유속 208 - 874 kg/m²였다. 중간정도의 벽면 열유속 및 낮은 질량유속에서 벽면온도는 확연한 최대점을 나타냈다. 열전달에 대한 부력 및 유동가속의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 실험 및 참조상관식(Kranoshchekov and Protopopov<SUP>(12)</SUP>)에서 획득된 Nusselt 수의 비를 부력 및 유동가속을 나타내는 변수인 Bo<SUP>*</SUP> 및 q<SUP>+</SUP>를 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 분석을 통해 유동가속 변수인 q<SUP>+</SUP>는 실험에서의 열전달 현상을 적절히 표현할 수 있는 변수라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 초임계 유체의 수직상향 유동에서의 새로운 열전달 상관식이 개발되었으며, 이 상관식은 ±30 %의 오차범위에서 실험데이터를 잘 예측하였다. An experimental investigation of turbulent heat transfer during the vertical upward flow of supercritical CO₂ was conducted in a circular tube with inner diameter of 4.5 mm. The experiments were conducted at bulk fluid temperatures ranging from 29 to 115 °C, pressures from 74.6 to 102.6 bar, local wall heat fluxes from 38 to 234 kW/m², and mass fluxes from 208 to 874 kg/m²s. At moderate wall heat and low mass fluxes, the wall temperature had a noticeable peak value. For observing the buoyancy and flow acceleration effects on heat transfer, the ratios of Nusselt numbers from the experimental data and a reference correlation were compared with the Bo<SUP>*</SUP> and q<SUP>+</SUP> distributions. The flow acceleration parameter q<SUP>+</SUP> appropriately represented the heat transfer phenomena in the experiments. A new heat transfer correlation for the vertical upward flow of the supercritical pressure fluid was developed, and was found to agree with the experimental data with an error margin of ±30 %.