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리기다소나무재의 유기용매 (有機溶媒) 추출물과 그 tall oil 간의 조성의 차이
고상운,안운영 한국목재공학회 1988 목재공학 Vol.16 No.2
This experiment was carried out to investigate the difference of compositions between petroleum ether extract and its tall oil in Pinus rigida Mill. xylem and to obtain the basic data on effective extraction and its utilization of by-product, resin and fatty acid, when pulp making. After both petroleum ether extract from wood meal and its tall oil in pitch pine were separated to the resin and fatty acid by using DEAE-Sephadex and aluminum oxide column, these were analyzed with gas chromatograph. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Patty acids contained as ester form in living trees were varied by peroxide of organic solvent in petroleum ether extraction and cooking chemicals in cooking. 2. Pimaric-type acid was eluted earlier than ahietic-type acid in resin acids and the fewer the carbons, the earlier the elution in fatty acids. 3. The retention time of SE-30 column was even smaller than that of OV-101 column but the relative retention time obtained by using methyl pimarate and methyl stearate as internal standard was nearly identical. 4. Both petroleum ether extract and tall oil mainly cansisted of resin acids, expecially abietic-type acid. 5. Tall oil had more fatty acid but less resin acid than petroleum ether extract. Also, the content of unidentified materials was increased owing to the isomerization and the shift of double bond position in unsaturated fatty acids by high temperature and cooking chemicals when cooking.
도심부 고속도로 지 · 정체 지점의 특성 분석과 교통사고 관계 분석
고상운,이진각,박상현 대한교통학회 2021 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.85 No.-
고속도로의 경우 다른 도로에 비해 이동성을 높여 지역간 통행시간을 대폭 단축시킬 수 있는 주요 교통 인프라이다. 일반국도 · 지방도 등에 비하여 통행시간은 절감되나 차량의 높은 속도로 인한 교통사고 위험이 보다 높게 나타난다. 고속도로 교통사고의 경우 일반도로 대비 사고건수 대비 사망자수가 높게 나타나며 교통사고 위험도가 높다는 것을 보여준다. 또한 도심부의 경우 첨두시를 기준으로 교통량이 큰 패턴을 가지고 있으며 발생 교통사고 밀도 또한 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 도심부 고속도로의 데이터를 분석하여 지 · 정체 지점을 분류하고 특성을 분석하여 위험구간을 분류한다. VDS 원시데이터를 이용하여 분석구간 속도 및 교통량을 집계하여 정체지점을 찾아 분류하고 정체 시작시간과 종료시간에 대한 분석을 진행하였다. 분석 결과로 분류된 위험구간의 안정성 향상을 효율적으로 하기 위한 운전자 정보제공방안이나 시뮬레이션을 통해서 연결로접속부 소통향상 방안을 모색할 수 있다.
지하도로 수요제어 및 차로변경 허용 전략에 따른 운영 효과 평가 - 신월여의지하도로를 중심으로 -
이진각,박상현,고상운 한국도로학회 2024 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.26 No.2
PURPOSES : This study sought ways to connect urban above ground roads and underground roads to utilize urban space more efficiently in the development of underground roads, which are currently under development in order to alleviate problems caused by oversaturated above-ground roads. A simulation analysis was performed to develop an operation strategy that connects above-ground and underground roads to prevent congestion in above-ground areas such as entrances and exits from transferring to underground roads as well as to present its effectiveness. METHODS : Traffic efficiency analysis according to the operation strategy of above ground and underground roads was conducted using VISSIM, a microscopic traffic simulation software. The functions implemented in VISSIM were collected to set effectiveness analysis indicators for each underground road operation strategy. The Shinwol-Yeoui Underground Road was selected as the spatial scope of this study, and a surrounding road network was constructed. In addition, full-scale simulation analysis preparations were completed by performing network calibration based on the actual traffic attribute data of underground and surrounding surface roads within the construction scope. Accordingly, a traffic efficiency evaluation analysis was conducted based on the underground road operation strategy. CONCLUSIONS : Information on the increase in traffic volume within the Shinwol-Yeoui underpass was collected every 15 min. The analysis was divided into an analysis of the traffic situation within the underpass through demand control when the service level reached level D and an analysis of when demand control was not performed. It was found that demand control was necessary for the Shinwol-Yeoui Underpass when the internal traffic volume reached 2,500 vehicles/h. In addition, to analyze the spread of traffic and congestion owing to the weaving phenomenon caused by lane changes in the underpass, an analysis was conducted to observe the traffic improvement effect when full lane changes are possible for the Shinwol-Yeoui Underground Road, which currently has some lane-change-permitted sections. The analysis showed that both the maximum traffic volume and average travel speed showed better results when lane changes were allowed, and the communication situation at Yeoui JCT was found optimal.
VISSIM과 VR 시뮬레이터를 활용한 지하도로 주행행태 분석방안 연구
박상현,이진각,고상운 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2022 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.12
In this study, the driving behavior characteristics of drivers in the underground road were analyzed by using a virtual reality (VR) simulator targeting the Shinwol-Yeoui Underground Road, which was built among domestic underground roads and easy to collect related data. As a result of the analysis, it was analyzed that the head distance between the preceding vehicle during driving and stopping in the underground road was narrower than that of the ground road, and the driver's response when the preceding vehicle was decelerating was significantly lower than on the ground road. Therefore, in this study, the results of the analysis were reflected in VISSIM (Verkehr In Städten - SIMulationsmodell), a micro-traffic simulation, and the observed values for the actual traffic volume and speed of the Sinwol-Yeoui Underpass and the simulation level of the analysis values analyzed through VISSIM were evaluated. analyzed to be very similar to reality. In the future, based on this study, it is expected that related research will be continuously carried out to help prepare design standards that reflect the driving behavior of underpass drivers and furthermore, research for the establishment of laws and standards. 본 연구에서는 국내 지하도로 중 기구축되어 관련 데이터 수집이 용이한 신월여의지하도로를 대상으로 가상현실(VR) 시뮬레이터를 활용하여 지하도로 내 운전자의 주행행태 특성분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 지하도로 내에서는 주행중과 정지시 선행차량과의 차두간격이 지상도로에 비해 좁고, 선행차량이 감속시 운전자의 반응도가 지상도로 보다 현저히 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해당 분석결과를 미시적 교통 시뮬레이션인 VISSIM(Verkehr In Städten - SIMulationsmodell)에 반영하여 실제 신월여의지하도로 교통량 및 속도에 대한 관측값과 VISSIM을 통해 분석한 분석값의 모사수준을 평가한 결과 실제와 매우 유사한 것으로 분석되었다. 향후에는 본 연구를 기초로 지하도로 운전자의 주행행태를 반영한 설계기준 마련과 더 나아가 법·기준 제정 등을 위한 연구에 도움이 될 수 있도록 관련 연구가 지속적으로 수행되기를 기대한다.