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성장기 유도선수들의 단기 체중감량과 체성분, CK, LDH 및 HGH의 관계
강창수(Chang Su Kang),오봉석(Bong Seok Oh) 한국사회체육학회 2013 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.54
The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of a short term weight reduction (STWR) on body composition, biomarkers of cell damage (CK, LDH) and human growth hormone (HGH) in growing period Judo players. Subjects were 10 adolescent Judo players who have been practicing Judo-related training for several years. Subjects reduced about 5 percent of body weight by Judo exercise and dietary control in the short term 5 days. We measured and analyzed variables, such as, body compositions (body weight, mineral, fat mass, body fat percentage, WHR, muscle mass, lean body mass), CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and HGH (human growth hormone) before and after weight reduction. The results are as follows. First, Weight loss of about 5% in short term related to significant reduction in all components of body compositions (p<.001). Second, STWR in adolescent Judo players induced decrease in fat mass around 3 times in response to weight loss percentage. STWR also decreased in body fat percent age about 2 times of weight loss rate. Lean body mass and muscle mass were also decreased by about 65% of the level of weight loss. Third, STWR decreased CK activity significantly (p<.05), while it seems to elevate LDH activity. Fourth, STWR in young Judo players tends to decrease HGH level (t=2.156, p=.059). In summary, STWR in adolescent Judo players decreased all compo nents of body composition. There was no evidences of cell damage by STWR in trained young Judo players. However, STWR in growing period Judo players tends to show an importance of CK and LDH in the pathway of energy metabolism. STWR also showed the decrease tendency of HGH level, which suggests the possibility of growth disturbance by frequent participation of match and weight reduction in growing period Judo players.
목종수(Jong Soo Mok),송기철(Ki Cheol Song),강창수(Chang Su Kang),장수현(Soo Hyun Chang) 한국수산과학회 2002 한국수산과학회지 Vol.35 No.4
명태 단백질을 이용하여 제조한 가식성 필름의 물성을 개선하기 위하여 필름 제조시 가소제 및 가교제 첨가, 그리고 이중필름에 의한 인장강도, 신장률 및 수분 투과도 등의 영향을 검토하였다. 가소제 첨가에 따른 가식성 필름의 인장강도는 PG, sorbitol, PEG 200 및 glycerol의 순으로 높았고, 신장률은 glycerol, sorbitol, PEG 200 및 PG의 순으로 높았으며, 수분투과도는 PG, sorbitol, glycerol 및 PEG 200의 순으로 낮았다. 또한 가소제의 농도가 증가함에 따라 필름의 인장강도는 감소하고 신장률은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. PG와 PEG 200은 신장률에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하여 명태단백질 필름의 가소제로 적절하지 못하였으며, 인장강도와 신장률이 서로 상반되는 glycerol과 sorbitol을 조합함으로써 필름의 물성을 조절할 수 있었다. 한편, 필름은 상대습도가 높을수록 인장강도는 감소하고 신장률과 평형수분함량은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. Ascorbic acid, citric acid 및 succinic acid 둥의 가교제를 첨가하여 제조한 필름이 가교제 비첨가 필름에 비하여 인장강도와 수분투과도는 증가하고 신장률은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, ascorbic acid는 0.2%, citric acid는 0.1%, succinic acid는 0.1%첨가하는 것이 바람직하였다. 명태 단백질과 옥수수 단백질로 제조한 이중필름은 명태 단백질단독으로 제조한 필름에 비하여 인장강도를 2배 이상 향상시켰고, 수분투과도를 약 20∼30% 감소시켰다. 한편, 산소투과도는 두 필름간에 차이는 없었으나, polyethylene film에 비하여는 10배 정도 산소차단효과가 우수하였다. 색도를 보면 명태와 옥수수 단백질을 이용하여 제조한 이중필름이 명태 단백질 단독으로 제조한 필름에 비하여 L값과 a값은 낮고 b값과 ΔE값은 높았다. The edible films were prepared from the protein of alaska pollack, Tberagra chalcogramma. Effects of plasticizer, cross linker and laminated film on physical properties such as tensile strength (TS), elongation (E) and water vapor permeability (WVP) of films were investigated. In adding various kinds of plasticizers, TS of the films prepared with propylene glycol (PG) was the highest, and followed sorbitol, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) and glycerol. Elongation of the films prepared with glycerol was the highest, then sorbitol, PEG 200 and PG. WVP of films showed lower in order of PG, sorbitol, glycerol and PEG 200. TS decreased with the increment of plasticizer concentration, but elongation increased. The addition of both PG and PEG 200 effected weakly on elongation, so they were inadequate as plasticizer for the film. Mixtures of glycerol and sorbitol, which showed opposing both TS and elongation in the films, could control the physical properties of the films. With increasing relative humidity, TS decreased, while elongation and equilibrium moisture content increased. By adding the cross linkers such as ascorbic acid, citric acid and succinic acid, TS and WVP of films increased, while elongation decreased. Ascorbic add, citric acid, succinic acid were most effective for TS at 0.2, 0.1 and 0.1%, respectively. Laminated film with alaska pollack protein and corn zein improved TS above two times, reduced WVP about 20~30%, as compared with the film from alaska pollack protein. Two films did not show the difference to oxygen permeability, but they showed about tenfold greater oxygen resistance than polyethylene film. Laminated film showed higher b and △E value of color difference, lower a and L value than the film from alaska pollack protein.
서해산 바지락 ( Ruditapes Philippinarum ) 의 토사 배출 조건
송기철(Ki Cheol Song),목종수(Jong Soo Mok),강창수(Chang Su Kang),장동석(Dong Suck Chang) 한국수산과학회 2001 한국수산과학회지 Vol.34 No.3
서해안에서 생산되는 주요 패류인 바지락의 토사 배출률을 최적화하기 위하여 토사 배출에 관여하는 환경인자의 영향과 토사 배출에 따른 해수의 pH 및 용존 산소의 변화, 그리고 바지락에 대한 세균학적 조사, 폐사율 및 토사 잔존유무를 검토하였다. 바지락의 토사 배출에 있어서 해수 온도의 영향을 보면 수온 23℃ 에서 가장 양호하여 48시간 후에 97.9%가 배출되었으며, 염분농도는 32.9∼40‰ 에서 가장 양호하여 48시간 후에 94.7∼97.1%가 배출되었다. 또한 pH의 영향을 보면 pH 9.0에서 가장 많은 양이 배출되어 48시간 후에 98.0%가 배출되었으며, 자연해수인 pH 7.9와 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. 바지락은 해수를 유수시키지 않고 12시간마다 해수만 교환한 시험구에서는 48시간 경과후 2∼24%의 폐사체가 발생하였으나, 유수시킨 시험구에서는 48시간까지 폐사체가 발생하지는 않았다. 모든 시험구에서 36시간 이상 경과시 대부분의 토사가 배출되었다. 바지락의 토사 배출을 위한 최적 해수 공급 조건은 바지락에 대한 해수 비율이 3,000과 4,000L/shellfish ㎥일 때에는 해수를 150L/min./shellfish ㎥ 이상, 6,000과 8,000 L/shellfish ㎥일 경우에는 해수를 100L/min./shellfish㎥ 이상 공급하는 것이었다. Shortnecked clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is one of the very important shellfish produced in south-western coast of Korea. But it`s ready to be polluted and have sand in flesh because it mainly inhabit in silt at the inside of coastal area. This study was carried out to obtain informations about the elimination of sand in shortnecked clam harvested from western coast of Korea During rearing shortnecked clams in water tank, the elimination rates of sand from them at 6, 13, 23, 28℃ were 59.0, 88.2, 97.9, 96.1% after 48 hours, respectively. The sand was eliminated above 95% from the shellfish at 32.9 to 40‰ of salinity after 48 hours. But the sand elimination from them was incomplete and inconsistent at 10 to 20 of salinity. The sand was eliminated rapidly at pH 7.9 to 9.0, however, its elimination was not effective at neutral or acidity range, It was found that the sand elimination was most effective at 23℃, 35‰ salinity and pH 9.0. Reasonable flow rate for sand eliminate in shortnecked clam was above 150 L/min./shellfish ㎥ under both 3,000 and 4,000 L/shellfish ㎥, and above 100 L/min./shellfish ㎥ under both 6,000 and 8,000 L/shellfish ㎥ in water tank.