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Sharma, Raju,Bansal, Prem Pal Techno-Press 2019 Advances in concrete construction Vol.8 No.1
The rich recipe of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) offers the higher mechanical, durability and dense microstructure property. The variable like cement/sand ratio, amount of supplementary cementitious material, water/binder ratio, amount of fiber etc. alters the UHPC hardened properties to any extent. Therefore, to understand the effects of these variables on the performance of UHPC, inevitably a stage-wise development is required. In the present experimental study, the effect of sand/cement ratio, the addition of finer material (fly ash and quartz powder) and, hybrid fiber on the fresh, compressive and microstructural property of UHPC is evaluated. The experiment is conducted in three phases; the first phase evaluates the flow value and strength attainment of ingredients, the second phase evaluates the efficiency of finer materials (fly ash and quartz powder) to develop the UHPC and the third phase evaluate the effect of hybrid fiber on the flow value and strength of ultra high performance hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-HFRC). It has been seen that the addition of fly ash improves the flow value and compressive strength of UHPC as compared to quartz powder. Further, the usage of hybrid fiber in fly ash contained matrix decreases the flow value and improves the strength of the UHP-HFRC matrix. The dense interface between matrix and fiber and, a higher amount of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) in fly ash contained UHP-HFRC is revealed by SEM and XRD respectively. The dense interface (bond between the fiber and the UHPC matrix) and the higher CSH formation are the reason for the improvement in the compressive strength of fly ash based UHP-HFRC. The differential thermal analysis (DTA/TGA) shows the similar type of mass loss pattern, however, the amount of mass loss differs in fly ash and quartz powder contained UHP-HFRC.
Sharma, Raju(라주샤마),Pei, Jun Jie(배준걸),Jang, Jeong Gook(장정국) 한국콘크리트학회 2021 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.33 No.2
상변화물질(PCM)을 콘크리트에 직접 혼입하였을 경우 콘크리트의 물성 저하가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 이와 같은 부정적 영향을 최소화 하기위한 다양한 혼입 방법이 제안되었다. 본 연구에서는 PCM을 콘크리트에 안정적으로 혼입하기 위한 다양한 신기술을 소개하였다. The direct incorporation of phase change material (PCM) in concrete degrades the mechanical properties of concrete. Keeping in view this fact, various methods of incorporation of PCM in concrete to attain the minimal negative effect on the mechanical properties of concrete are proposed. This study provides an overview of the various emerging technology for the safe deposit of PCM in concrete.
Sharma Devdutt,Devi Rashmita,Jaiswal Juhi,Dutta Hemant Sankar,Khan Raju,Dhayal Marshal 한국농업기계학회 2022 바이오시스템공학 Vol.47 No.1
Composite of gold nanoparticles (GNP) with chitosan (CS) was synthesized through in situ reduction process enabling uniform distribution of the metal-polymer network. The composite material was coated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to enhance functionalization capability and charge transportation. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed an average diameter of GNP ~ 15 nm, whereas UV-Vis spectra showed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks in the range of 520 to 570 nm. XRD spectra of CS-GNP composite film showed a distinct diffraction peak at 38.4° of 2θ value, confirming the face-centered cubic structure of GNP. The interaction of GNP with functional moieties of CS reduces the structural stability of their network. The coating of GNP incorporated CS on GCE enhanced current in cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements. This electrode was functionalizedwith NHS-EDC for attaining a higher degree of rabbit antiglutamate antibodies immobilization. Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) detection in electrolyte was quantified by measuring a decrease in peak current of DPV due to their interaction with antibodies at the surface of the working electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement also showed a relative increase in impedance with an increase in MSG concentration. The biosensor showed a linear response from 100 pM to 1 μM with a detection sensitivity of the order of ~102 μA/nM.
Sharma, M.C.,Raju, S.,Joshi, C.,Kaur, H.,Varshney, V.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.4
A survey was conducted in certain parts of Haryana to record the prevalence of micro mineral deficiency in buffaloes. The prevalence of soil Cu, Co, Zn and Fe deficiency was 55.26%, 6.9%, 59.12% and 7.89% respectively. While that of fodder Cu, Co, Zn and Fe was 60.64%, 6.7%, 61.22% and 11.37% respectively. The overall prevalence of serum Cu, Co, Zn and Fe deficiency in Haryana was 59.2%, 19.1%, 59.2% and 19.9% respectively. The correlation co-efficient of Cu, Co, Zn and Fe in soil, fodder and serum was significant in most of the cases the values were above 0.8. Blood examination revealed significant decrease in haemoglobin and TEC level. However, no variation in level of TLC were observed in mineral deficient buffaloes. In micro mineral deficiency, thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) levels were decreased in buffaloes. Marginally lower concentration of vitamin A and E were observed in mineral deficient buffaloes in Haryana. The highest deficiency of micro minerals was 61.76% in copper at Ambala followed by 65.86% in zinc at Rhotak. For therapeutic studies a mineral mixture was prepared according to defiency obtained and fed to three groups of animals. Observation was recorded on 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Group A consist of normal healthy animals and group B mineral deficient animal untreated and group C mineral deficient animal, treated with prepared mineral mixture. 25 gram of mineral mixture was fed daily along with normal ration. There was increase in body weight, milk yield, haemoglobin concentration and total erythrocyte level in group C animals when compared to group B animals. The milk yield in group C animals increased to 6.970${\pm}$0.41 after 60th day of supplement in comparison to 0 day where it was 5.910${\pm}$0.37, similarly the body wt. of group C animals increased from 129.42${\pm}$01.13 (at 0 day) to 159.31${\pm}$03.61 at 60th day of treatment.
Nallin Sharma,Nandini Swaminathan,Chia-Hung Chi,Raju B. Gurung,Hui-Fen Wu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-
Clean and sustainable energy is of one prime interest to current water production demands. Producingunpolluted drinking water and sustainable energy is the next big challenge to overcome. Solar steam generationhas great future potentials for mankind. The need to overcome limitations of solar steam generationis in recent penchants. A highly efficient black photo-convertor nanomaterial is synthesized andfunctionalized to achieve 87% efficiency under one Sun (1 kW m2) illumination. The black tin oxide(bSnO) nanomaterial was synthesized using electrocatalytic reduction approach, resulting a robustphoto-convertor nanomaterial. To enhance the capabilities of water evaporation, polymerization wasperformed using PANI (polyaniline), and PPy (polypyrrole) referred to as bSnO@PANI and bSnO@PPy,respectively. Various physical factors as narrow bandgap, surface water ratios and localized heatingare found remarkable to enhance overall efficiency. The bSnO@PANI was assessed to be at highest elevatedtemperature by acquiring nearly 82 C in close to 100 s under one sun irradiance and nearly56 C when in contact with water body. Thus, final water evaporating rate recorded to be 2.04 kg m2-h1 and 1.74 kg m2 h1 for water and seawater, respectively. Producing drinking water from dye andsea-water are reported after solar evaporation. Achieving enormous evaporation rate can further beexplored for green energy generation.
( Saurabh Kedia ),( Raju Sharma ),( Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru ),( Deepak Madhu ),( Pabitra Sahu ),( Bhaskar Kante ),( Prasenjit Das ),( Ankur Goyal ),( Karan Madan ),( Govind Makharia ),( Vineet Ahuja ) 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.2
Background/Aims: Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is difficult to diagnose due to poor sensitivity of definitive diagnostic tests. ITB may be associated with concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) which may remain undetected on chest X-ray. We assessed the role of contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) chest in detecting the prevalence of active PTB, and increasing the diagnostic yield in patients with suspected ITB. Methods: Consecutive treatment naïve patients with suspected ITB (n=200) who underwent CECT chest (n=88) and had follow-up duration>1 year were recruited in this retrospective study (February 2016 to October 2018). ITB was diagnosed in the presence of caseating granuloma, positive acid fast stain or culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis on biopsy, presence of necrotic lymph nodes (LNs) on CT enterography or positive response to anti-tubercular therapy. Evidence of active tuberculosis on CECT-chest was defined as presence of centrilobular nodules with or without consolidation/miliary nodules/thick-walled cavity/enlarged necrotic mediastinal LNs. Results: Sixty-five of eighty-eight patients (mean age, 33.8±12.8 years; 47.7% of females) were finally diagnosed as ITB (4-caseating granuloma on biopsy, 12-necrotic LNs on CT enterography, 1-both, and 48-response to anti-tubercular therapy) and 23 were diagnosed as Crohn’s disease. Findings of active TB on CECT chest with or without necrotic abdominal LNs were demonstrated in 5 and 20 patients, respectively. No patient with Crohn’s disease had necrotic abdominal LNs or active PTB. Addition of CECT chest in the diagnostic algorithm improved the sensitivity of ITB diagnosis from 26.2% to 56.9%. Conclusions: Addition of CECT chest significantly improves the sensitivity for definite diagnosis in a patient with suspected ITB. (Intest Res 2022;20:184-191)
( Saurabh Kedia ),( Raju Sharma ),( Vishnubhatla Sreenivas ),( Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan ),( Vishal Sharma ),( Sawan Bopanna ),( Venigalla Pratap Mouli ),( Rajan Dhingra ),( Dawesh Prakash Yadav ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.2
Abdominal computed tomography (CT) can noninvasively image the entire gastrointestinal tract and assess extraintestinal features that are important in differentiating Crohn`s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). The present meta-analysis pooled the results of all studies on the role of CT abdomen in differentiating between CD and ITB. We searched PubMed and Embase for all publications in English that analyzed the features differentiating between CD and ITB on abdominal CT. The features included comb sign, necrotic lymph nodes, asymmetric bowel wall thickening, skip lesions, fibrofatty proliferation, mural stratification, ileocaecal area, long segment, and left colonic involvements. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated for all the features. Symmetric receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for features present in >3 studies. Heterogeneity and publication bias was assessed and sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding studies that compared features on conventional abdominal CT instead of CT enterography (CTE). We included 6 studies (4 CTE, 1 conventional abdominal CT, and 1 CTE+conventional abdominal CT) involving 417 and 195 patients with CD and ITB, respectively. Necrotic lymph nodes had the highest diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, 23%; specificity, 100%; DOR, 30.2) for ITB diagnosis, and comb sign (sensitivity, 82%; specificity, 81%; DOR, 21.5) followed by skip lesions (sensitivity, 86%; specificity, 74%; DOR, 16.5) had the highest diagnostic accuracy for CD diagnosis. On sensitivity analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of other features excluding asymmetric bowel wall thickening remained similar. Necrotic lymph nodes and comb sign on abdominal CT had the best diagnostic accuracy in differentiating CD and ITB. (Intest Res 2017;15:149-159)