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Hua-Xing Huang,Liang-Lan Shen,Hai-Yan Huang,Li-Hua Zhao,Feng Xu,Dong-Mei Zhang,Xiu-Lin Zhang,Tong Chen,Xue-Qin Wang,Yan Xie,Jian-Bin Su 대한당뇨병학회 2021 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.45 No.6
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by elevated fasting glucagon and impaired suppression of postprandial glucagon secretion, which may participate in diabetic complications. Therefore, we investigated the associations of plasma glucagon with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in T2DM patients.Methods: Fasting glucagon and postchallenge glucagon (assessed by area under the glucagon curve [AUCgla]) levels were determined during oral glucose tolerance tests. Patients with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g who presented with diabetic retinopathy were identified as having DKD.Results: Of the 2,436 recruited patients, fasting glucagon was correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.112 and r=0.157, respectively; P<0.001), and AUCgla was also correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.267 and r=0.234, respectively; P<0.001). Moreover, 31.7% (n=771) presented with DKD; the prevalence of DKD was 27.3%, 27.6%, 32.5%, and 39.2% in the first (Q1), second (Q2), third (Q3), and fourth quartile (Q4) of fasting glucagon, respectively; and the corresponding prevalence for AUCgla was 25.9%, 22.7%, 33.7%, and 44.4%, respectively. Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical covariates, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence intervals) for DKD in Q2, Q3, and Q4 versus Q1 of fasting glucagon were 0.946 (0.697 to 1.284), 1.209 (0.895 to 1.634), and 1.521 (1.129 to 2.049), respectively; the corresponding ORs of AUCgla were 0.825 (0.611 to 1.114), 1.323 (0.989 to 1.769), and 2.066 (1.546 to 2.760), respectively. Additionally, when we restricted our analysis in patients with glycosylated hemoglobin <7.0% (n=471), we found fasting glucagon and AUCgla were still independently associated with DKD.Conclusion: Both increased fasting and postchallenge glucagon levels were independently associated with DKD in T2DM patients.
Xie, Li-hua,Quan, Xin,Zhang, Jie,Yang, Yan-yan,Sun, Run-hong,Xia, Ming-cong,Xue, Bao-guo,Wu, Chao,Han, Xiao-yun,Xue, Ya-nan,Yang, Li-rong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a soil borne pathogenic fungus associated with wheat roots. The accurate quantification of gene expression during the process of infection might be helpful to understand the pathogenic molecular mechanism. However, this method requires suitable reference genes for transcript normalization. In this study, nine candidate reference genes were chosen, and the specificity of the primers were investigated by melting curves of PCR products. The expression stability of these nine candidates was determined with three programs-geNorm, Norm Finder, and Best Keeper. $TUB{\beta}$ was identified as the most stable reference gene. Furthermore, the exopolygalacturonase gene (ExoPG) was selected to verify the reliability of $TUB{\beta}$ expression. The expression profile of ExoPG assessed using $TUB{\beta}$ agreed with the results of digital gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq. This study is the first systematic exploration of the optimal reference genes in the infection process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.
A Density Functional Study of Furofuran Polymers as Potential Materials for Polymer Solar Cells
Xie, Xiao-Hua,Shen, Wei,He, Rong-Xing,Li, Ming Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.10
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) have been comprehensively studied by density functional theory (DFT) to rationalize the experimentally observed properties. Rather, we employed periodic boundary conditions (PBC) method to simulate the polymer block, and calculated effective charge mass from the band structure calculation for describing charge transport properties. The simulated results of P3HT are consistent with the experimental results in band gaps, absorption spectra, and effective charge mass. Based on the same calculated methods as P3HT, a series of polymers have been designed on the basis of the two types of building blocks, furofurans and furofurans substituted with cyano (CN) groups, to investigate suitable polymers toward polymer solar cell (PSC) materials. The calculated results reveal that the polymers substituted with CN groups have good structural stability, low-lying FMO energy levels, wide absorption spectra, and smaller effective masses, which are due to their good rigidity and conjugation in comparison with P3HT. Besides, the insertion of CN groups improves the performance of PSC. Synthetically, the designed polymers PFF1 and PFF2 are the champion candidates toward PSC relative to P3HT.
주야간에 따른 경관의 가치 인식 차이에 관한 연구-수원 화성과 화서공원을 사례로-
사작화(Xie, Zhuo Hua),민병욱(Min, Byungwook) 한국디자인문화학회 2023 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.29 No.4
전국적으로 도시화의 진행이 가속되고 도시 인구가 빠르게 증가함에 따라 도시 지역의 야간 활동에 대한 수요도 증가하고 있다. 더 많은 야간 도시 활동이 발생할수록 도시의 디자인이 변화하는 것은 자연스러운 과정이며, 조명 기술의 발달에 따라 다양한 야간 경관이 연출될 수 있다. 또한, 조명과 더불어 연출되는 야간의 경관에 대한 사람들의 반응은 주간과 비교하여 다를 수 있다. 조경, 건축을 포함한 환경디자인 분야에서는 이러한 사람들의 인식 차이 연구에 대한 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 주간과 야간의 경관변화에 따라 사람들이 그 경관의 가치를 어떻게 다르게 인식하는지를 심층적으로 연구하여, 더 의미 있는 경관연출을 위한 기초자료를 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 수원의 화성과 화서공원을 대상지로 삼아 실증적인 연구를 진행하였다. 우선 광범위한 문헌연구를 통해 교육성, 심미성, 장소성, 중요성의 카테고리로 분석의 틀을 설정하였으며, 대상지에서 촬영한 주야간 사진에 대한 사람들의 평가를 통계적인 방식으로 분석하였다. 주간과 야간의 경관에 대한 사람들의 평가에 유의미한 차이가 확인되었다. 주간에는 장소에 대한 인식이, 야간에는 교육에 대한 인식이 더 높게 나타났다. 또한, 주간과 야간 경관 경험 4가지 속성들은 서로 긍정적인 상관관계가 있었으며, 4가지 속성 간 상관관계는 야간 경관에서 주간 경관보다 더 강하게 나타났다. 본 연구는 사람들이 주간과 야간 경관에 부여하는 가치의 차이를 파악하였으며, 주간과 야간 경관 연출에 대한 이론적 근거를 제공하여보다 의미 있는 도시경관에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다. As urbanization accelerates nationwide and the urban population increases rapidly, the demand for night activities in urban areas is also increasing. It is a natural process to change the design of the city as more night city activities occur, and various night landscapes can be created according to the development of lighting technology. In addition, people’s reactions to the night view produced with lighting may be different compared to daytime. In the field of environmental design, including landscaping and architecture, the importance of research on differences in people’s perceptions is increasing.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present basic data for more meaningful landscape production by deeply studying how people perceive the value of the landscape differently according to changes in the landscape during the day and at night. To this end, an empirical study was conducted on Hwaseong Fortress and Hwaseo Park in Suwon as targets. First of all, through extensive literature research, the framework of analysis was established into categories of education, aesthetics, location, and importance, and people’s evaluation of weekly night photos taken at the target site was analyzed in a statistical manner. Significant differences were identified in people’s evaluations of the day and night landscapes. During the day, the perception of the place was higher, and at night, the perception of education was higher. In addition, the four attributes of day and night landscape experience had a positive correlation with each other, and the correlation between the four attributes was stronger in the night view than in the day view. This study identifies the difference in the value people give to daytime and night landscapes and is expected to provide a theoretical basis for day and night landscape production to help with more meaningful urban landscapes.
Li-hua Xie,Xin Quan,Jie Zhang,Yan-yan Yang,Run-hong Sun,Ming-cong Xia,Bao-guo Xue,Chao Wu,Xiao-yun Han,Ya-nan Xue,Li-rong Yang 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a soil borne pathogenic fungus associated with wheat roots. The accurate quantification of gene expression during the process of infection might be helpful to understand the pathogenic molecular mechanism. However, this method requires suitable reference genes for transcript normalization. In this study, nine candidate reference genes were chosen, and the specificity of the primers were investigated by melting curves of PCR products. The expression stability of these nine candidates was determined with three programs-geNorm, Norm Finder, and Best Keeper. TUBβ was identified as the most stable reference gene. Furthermore, the exopolygalacturonase gene (ExoPG) was selected to verify the reliability of TUBβ expression. The expression profile of ExoPG assessed using TUBβ agreed with the results of digital gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq. This study is the first systematic exploration of the optimal reference genes in the infection process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.