On the Formulation and Optimal Solution of the Rate Control Problem in Wireless Mesh Networks

Le, Cong Loi,Hwang, Won-Joo The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.5B

An algorithm is proposed to seek a local optimal solution of the network utility maximization problem in a wireless mesh network, where the architecture being considered is an infrastructure/backbone wireless mesh network. The objective is to achieve proportional fairness amongst the end-to-end flows in wireless mesh networks. In order to establish the communication constraints of the flow rates in the network utility maximization problem, we have presented necessary and sufficient conditions for the achievability of the flow rates. Since wireless mesh networks are generally considered as a type of ad hoc networks, similarly as in wireless multi-hop network, the network utility maximization problem in wireless mesh network is a nonlinear nonconvex programming problem. Besides, the gateway/bridge functionalities in mesh routers enable the integration of wireless mesh networks with various existing wireless networks. Thus, the rate optimization problem in wireless mesh networks is more complex than in wireless multi-hop networks.

종단간 끊김없는 연결과 TCP 성능의 향상을 위한 무선 홈네트워크 플랫폼에 관한 연구

김병훈(Byounghoon Kim),탁성우(Sungwoo Tak) 한국멀티미디어학회 2007 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.10 No.10

인프라스트럭처 모드 기반의 무선랜(Wireless Local Area Networks)을 사용하는 무선 홈네트워크에서는 모든 무선 단말간의 통신이 액세스포인트를 통하여 이루어진다. 따라서 무선 단말이 음영 지역(Dead Zone)으로 이동하면 이동한 무선 단말과 액세스포인트간의 통신이 불가능하여 끊김없는 연결(Seamless Connection)을 제공하지 못하는 문제점이 있다. 기존의 무선 홈네트워크 플랫폼에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 애드 혹 모드로 동작하는 무선 홈네트워크 구조에 대하여 연구하고 있지만, 애드 혹 모드 기반의 무선랜은 인프라스트럭처 모드 기반 무선랜에 비하여 네트워크 용량이 제한되는 문제가 있다. 그리고 무선 단말의 이동성을 지원하기 위해서는 애드 혹 라우팅 기법이 필요하다. 그러나 기존의 AODV 및 DSR 라우팅 기법은 무선 채널 정보를 참조하지 않고 네트워크 계층에서 독립적으로 라우팅을 수행하기 때문에 무선 채널의 상황에 빠르게 대처할 수 없어 끊김없는 연결을 제공할 수 없다. 이에 본 논문에서는 종단간 끊김없는 데이터 전송을 보장하기 위한 ESCOD(End-to-end Seamless multi-hop COnnection based on Dual network mode) 기반의 무선 홈네트워크 플랫폼과 VLR(Virtual Link Routing) 기법을 제안하였다. 구현된 시스템의 성능을 평가한 결과, VLR을 탑재한 ESCOD 기반의 무선 홈네트워크 플랫폼은 기존의 AODV 및 DSR 라우팅 보다 낮은 패킷 전송의 실패율과 빠른 패킷의 평균 전송시간을 제공함과 동시에 기존 인프라스트럭처 모드만을 제공하는 무선 홈네트워크 플랫폼보다 넓은 통신 범위와 향상된 TCP 성능을 확인하였다. A wireless access point is used for all communications in the infrastructure mode wireless home net working, including communication between mobile nodes in the same service area. When a mobile station in the infrastructure mode wireless home networking moves into a dead zone, the communication between the mobile station and the access point is disconnected. To solve this problem, the existing wireless home network platforms focus on the ad hoc mode wireless home networking. However, the performance of an ad hoc network is poorly decreased when the number of mobile participating in the ad hoc network increases. In addition, although the ad hoc routing technique is necessary to support seamless communication of mobile nodes, the existing routing protocols, such as AODV and DSR, do not consider that a wireless channel state could affect performance significantly. Therefore, we propose a wireless home networking platform based on the ESCOD (End-to-end Seamless multi-hop COnnection based on Dual network mode) technique incorporating the VLR (Virtual Link Routing) scheme that supports end-to-end seamless connections. Extensive experiments show that the proposed wireless home networking platform incorporating the VLR scheme outperforms wireless home networking platforms based on the AODV and the DSR routing protocols respectively in terms of low packet transmission failure rate, fast packet transmission time, high TCP performance, and a wider coverage area of wireless home networks.

A client‐based vertical handoff approach for seamless mobility across heterogeneous wireless networks

Kim, Yong‐,Sung,Kwon, Dong‐,Hee,Suh, Young‐,Joo John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND MOBILE COMPUTING Vol.10 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>With the rapid growth of mobile Internet, offering seamless connectivity in different types of wireless networks is an important feature in next generation wireless networks (4G networks). Mobile IP (MIP) is expected to play a key role to handle the movements of mobile nodes (MNs) in 4G networks. However, MIP suffers from long handoff latency since it is designed to support the macromobility of a MN. Therefore, it is necessary to devise a scheme that provides currently deployed networks with backward compatibility and that offers seamless connectivity during MIP handoffs across the heterogeneous wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a client‐based vertical handoff system for multi‐networks to provide end‐users with seamless connectivity across heterogeneous wireless networks. Our proposed system is designed as a common network interface at a client side and provides transparent service to IP/MIP layers regardless of used wireless technologies. With this system, we also present vertical handoff performance over a loosely coupled cdma2000/WLAN experimental test‐bed. The experimental results show that our system enables a MN to handoff seamlessly across different types of wireless networks without any modifications to the existing IP/MIP stack and core network. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

A Quantitative Analysis of System-Level Performance of the Wireless LAN in Digital Home Environments

Byounghee Son,Hagbae Kim 대한전자공학회 2008 JUCT : Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technolog Vol.2 No.1

A digital home is a ubiquitous environment that is expected to be realized in the near future. All information appliances in a house are connected to each other through wired and/or wireless home networks. Authenticated user can access the various services provided by the digital home, and the access is not restricted by equipment, time, or location. The technologies that form the digital home can be grouped into two categories: wired networking technologies and wireless networking technologies. For the purpose of ubiquitous environments, wireless-networks offer suitable and seamless high-quality services. A wireless LAN can be created simply by equipping a single access point. For that reason, the cost of establishing such a network is low and using it is easy. Of course, there is an exciting new wireless technology. It is the Ultra Wide Band (UWB). However, it is not enough to bring wireless convenience, although offering a broad range of high-speed data transfer capabilities, Because of unstable. Thus, of the wireless-networking systems, we focus on the wireless LAN. We quantitatively analyze its capabilities. The dynamic and adaptive wireless LAN provides a foundation for the evolution toward the next generation of wireless and adaptive networks. The difference between wired LAN and wireless LAN in upload and download rates is small. Although the wireless LAN experiences a greater loss rate than the wired LAN, the difference is minimal. We conclude that a wireless LAN is suitable for use in an apartment environment.

Study on Cybersecurity of Hybrid, Multi-hop, Wireless Network

Li Li,Hu Zhiyu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.10

As the frontier of Internet development, hybrid, wireless, multi-hop network has transformed the way we live. Nowadays, this network has been engaged in many areas like economy, war, culture, medical treatment, agriculture, ecology, commerce, etc. The concepts of digital coalmine and digital oil field, in special, promote the development of the study on hybrid, wireless, multi-hop network. The paper establishes cybersecurity mechanism by introducing concepts relevant to this network, and by summarizing its internal and external security threats. By conducting simulation experiment to the security mechanism, the paper concludes that to the influence on security mechanism, the number of nodes is in direct proportion, while the transmission period of node connection in inverse proportion. The paper aims to offer reasonable suggestions and guidance to the development of hybrid, wireless, multi-hop network, to promote the application of the wireless network, and to increase its value, solve security problems and ensure sound operation of hybrid, wireless, multi-hop network.

A Quantitative Analysis of System-Level Performance of the Wireless LAN in Digital Home Environments

Son, Byoung-Hee,Kim, Hag-Bae The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2008 JUCT : Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technolog Vol.2 No.1

A digital home is a ubiquitous environment that is expected to be realized in the near future. All information appliances in a house are connected to each other through wired and/or wireless home networks. Authenticated user can access the various services provided by the digital home, and the access is not restricted by equipment, time, or location. The technologies that form the digital home can be grouped into two categories: wired networking technologies and wireless networking technologies. For the purpose of ubiquitous environments, wireless-networks offer suitable and seamless high-quality services. A wireless LAN can be created simply by equipping a single access point. For that reason, the cost of establishing such a network is low and using it is easy. Of course, there is an exciting new wireless technology. It is the Ultra Wide Band (UWB). However, it is not enough to bring wireless convenience, although offering a broad range of high-speed data transfer capabilities, Because of unstable. Thus, of the wireless-networking systems, we focus on the wireless LAN. We quantitatively analyze its capabilities. The dynamic and adaptive wireless LAN provides a foundation for the evolution toward the next generation of wireless and adaptive networks. The difference between wired LAN and wireless LAN in upload and download rates is small. Although the wireless LAN experiences a greater loss rate than the wired LAN, the difference is minimal. We conclude that a wireless LAN is suitable for use in an apartment environment.

무선 메쉬 네트워크에서 트래픽 프로파일을 고려하는 채널 할당 및 라우팅

박숙영(Sookyoung Park),이상규(Sangkyu Lee) 한국정보과학회 2010 정보과학회논문지 : 정보통신 Vol.37 No.5

최근 유선 네트워크의 설치가 어려운 먼 거리의 인터넷 접속을 낮은 비용으로 가능하게 해주는 기술인 무선 메쉬 네트워크에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 무선 메쉬 네트워크의 각 노드는 데이터를 송수신하는 호스트의 역할 뿐만 아니라 데이터를 전달하는 라우터의 역할도 수행한다. 이 때 메쉬 라우터는 기존 유선 망 또는 다른 무선 통신망으로의 연결을 제공하는 게이트웨이의 역할을 함으로써 무선 네트워크에서의 백본으로 동작할 수도 있다. 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서 멀티 채널 멀티 인터페이스를 사용하는 것은, 서로 간섭하지 않는 채널을 사용하여 동시에 통신이 가능함으로써 전체 네트워크의 데이터 처리량을 높이게 된다. 이러한 멀티 채널 멀티 인터페이스 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서 각 인터페이스에 채널들을 할당하고 라우팅을 결정하는 것은 중요한 연구 과제이다. 따라서 멀티 채널 멀티 인터페이스를 지원하는 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서의 채널 할당 및 라우팅의 목적은 네트워크의 연결성을 유지하면서 간섭을 최소화하며 네트워크의 데이터 처리량을 향상시키는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 멀티 채널 멀티 인터페이스 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서 네트워크의 전체 데이터 처리량을 높이며, 평균 종단간 지연시간을 줄이는 중앙 집중적이며 휴리스틱한 방법의 채널 할당 및 라우팅 알고리즘들을 제안한다. 이를 위해 링크의 잔여 채널 용량을 고려한 라우팅 방법과 링크의 통신 참여 수를 고려한 채널 할당 및 라우팅 방법, 그리고 우회 경로를 허용하는 라우팅 방법을 제안한다. 마지막으로 본 논문에서 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 NS-2 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 기존 관련 연구와 비교 분석하였다. 제안한 방법은 기존 관련 연구에서의 방법보다 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서의 평균 데이터 처리량을 증가시키며 평균 종단간 지연시간을 감소시키는 결과를 보임으로써 전체 네트워크의 성능이 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다. Wireless mesh networks can be deployed for various networks from home networking to last-mile broadband Internet access. Wireless mesh networks are composed of mesh routers and mesh clients. In these networks, static nodes form a multi-hop backbone of a large wireless access network that provides connectivity to end-users' mobile terminals. The network nodes cooperate with each other to relay data traffic to its destinations. In order to increase connectivity and better performance, researchers are getting interested in multi-channel and multi-interface wireless mesh networks. In these networks, non-overlapping multiple frequency channels are used simultaneously to increase the aggregate bandwidth available to end-users. Recently, researches have focused on finding suitable channel assignments for wireless network interfaces, equiped in a mesh node, together with efficient routing to improve overall systemthroughput in wireless mesh networks. This goal can be achieved by minimize channel interference. Less interference among using channels in a network guarantees more aggregated channel capacity and better connectivity of the networks. In this thesis, we propose interference aware channel assignment and routing algorithms for multi-channel multi-hop wireless mesh networks. We propose Channel Assignment and Routing algorithms using Traffic Profiles(CARTP) and Routing algorithms allowing detour routing(CARTP+2). Finally, we evaluate the performance of proposed algorithms in comparison to results from previous methods using ns-2 simulations. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithms can enhance the overall network performance in wireless mesh networks.

Application-based Classification and Comparison of Secure Routing Protocols in Wireless sensor Networks

Imran A. Khan,Farooq Ahmad,Waleed Akram Baig,Mudasser Naseer 한국산학기술학회 2015 SmartCR Vol.5 No.3

Wireless Sensor Networks is an emergent field in computer network domains, and routing plays a key role in every wireless sensor network. In a wireless sensor network, an adversary can disturb the entire network by attacking routing services. These attacks are relatively easy to deploy against a wireless sensor network as opposed to traditional wired networks, because of the unattended nature of the deployment of sensor nodes. In the case of wireless sensor networks, the compromised routing messages result in the diffusion of incorrect routing information, which can disrupt network behavior. When considering these realities, securing a routing protocol is a key objective of every wireless sensor network. In this paper, we analyze different secure routing protocols and do a comprehensive survey in terms of their application areas, key distribution schemes, authentication schemes, basic security requirements, and their defense against different attacks. To make our survey more precise, we categorized the secure routing protocols into four groups: secure data-centric, secure hierarchical, secure location-based, and secure quality-of-service routing protocols. All secure routing protocols discussed in this survey paper fall under these four categories.

Communication Pattern Based Key Establishment Scheme in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

( Daehee Kim ),( Dongwan Kim ),( Sunshin An ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.3

In this paper, we propose a symmetric key establishment scheme for wireless sensor networks which tries to minimize the resource usage while satisfying the security requirements. This is accomplished by taking advantage of the communication pattern of wireless sensor networks and adopting heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. By considering the unique communication pattern of wireless sensor networks due to the nature of information gathering from the physical world, the number of keys to be established is minimized and, consequently, the overhead spent for establishing keys decreases. With heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, we can build a hybrid scheme where a small number of powerful nodes do more works than a large number of resource-constrained nodes to provide enhanced security service such as broadcast authentication and reduce the burden of resource-limited nodes. In addition, an on-demand key establishment scheme is introduced to support extra communications and optimize the resource usage. Our performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme is very efficient and highly scalable in terms of storage, communication and computation overhead. Furthermore, our proposed scheme not only satisfies the security requirements but also provides resilience to several attacks.

Application of Data Fusion Technology Based on Weight Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Xiajun Ding,Hongbo Bi,Xiaodan Jiang,Lu zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.3

With the development of sensor technology, network technology, embedded control technology and wireless communication technology, the application of wireless sensor networks (WSN) has become more and more widely. Wireless sensor networks have been named the most influential and important technology of the world in twenty-first Century. In wireless sensor networks, data fusion is an important research branch. In this paper, a data prediction model of wireless sensor network based on weight improved particle swarm optimization neural network algorithm is proposed. In view of the deficiency of the traditional BP neural network model, this paper combines with the characteristics of the data prediction model, and the BP neural network model is improved and integrated. After that, we train the neural network's sample set, and add the momentum item to correct the weight, so that the neural network can be predicted more quickly and accurately. The main idea of this paper is to predict the future data based on the historical data which are collected by sensor nodes, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of data transmission in the network and saving the energy of nodes. Finally, the experimental results show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on weight improved particle swarm optimization neural network algorithm has higher accuracy than the multiple regression method and the grey prediction method. In addition, the method can be used to effectively save energy in wireless sensor data transmission.