위험물질 사고 대응능력 향상방안에 관한 연구

채진(Jin Chae) 한국정책개발학회 2013 정책개발연구 Vol.13 No.1

위험물질은 의약품, 농약, 화학비료, 화장품, 살충제, 합성세제, 플라스틱 원료, 일반 소비재로부터 식품 첨가물에 이르기 까지 광범위하게 일상생활에 사용되고 있으며, 앞으로도 그 사용량이 증대될 것이다. 위험물질 사고는 어떤 한 분야의 물질에 한정되지 않고 다양한 종류의 위험물질에서 발생하고 사고유형도 다양하므로 범정부적으로 위험물질 사고에 대응하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내 위험물질사고의 현황 및 위험물질 사고대응에 관한 국내ㆍ외 실태를 조사하고, 위험물질사고 대응실태상의 문제점을 분석하여 국내환경에 적합한 사고대응 방안을 모색한다. 실태분석에서 나타나는 문제점은 위험물질 정보 활용, 유관기관간 협력지원체계, 위험물질 대응 전문적 교육훈련, 위험물질 대응 합동훈련, 화학물질 대응 장비 부족 등이다. 구체적인 개성방안으로는 첫째, 위험물질 대응 전문교육 프로그램을 마련 시행하여야 하고, 둘째, 위험물질에 대한 구체적인 정보를 제공하여 사고대응에 활용하여야 한다. 셋째, 실질적인 위험물질 사고 대응을 위한 다조직간의 합동 훈련을 실시하고, 넷째, 위험물질 사고대응을 위한 전문적인 장비를 확보하여야 한다. Hazardous materials are widely used for medicine and medical supplies, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, cosmetic products, insecticide, synthetic detergent, plastic, general consumption goods and food additive. It is expected that the use of hazardous materials will increase. It is necessary to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials at national level because an accident caused by hazardous materials is various. The purpose of this study is to seek a way to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials that is suitable for a situation in Korea by examining the actual status of an accident caused by hazardous materials and measures to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials and by analyzing problems with coping with an accident caused by hazardous materials. Problems that were found by analyzing actual status are the use of information about hazardous materials, cooperation and support system between relevant authorities, specialized education and training to cope with hazardous materials, joint training to cope with hazardous materials, lack of equipment to cope with chemicals. The suggestions for improvement are as follows. First, educational programs designed to cope with hazardous materials should be prepared and implemented. Second, detailed information about hazardous materials should be provided in order to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials efficiently. Third, joint training to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials should be implemented. Fourth, specialized equipment to cope with an accident caused by hazardous materials should be prepared.

위험물질 사고의 유형 및 원인 분석에 관한 소고

차정민(Jung-Min Cha),현성호(Seong-Ho Hyun),이용재(YongJae Lee),김인범(Inbeom Kim) 한국위험물학회 2018 한국위험물학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Based on the study executed by National Fire Agency on the hazardous material accidents occurred past five years, 60% of the accidents were caused by fire, 26% from leakage, and 14% from explosion. About 41% of the total accidents occurred from direct handling of hazardous materials, whereas 59% of the accidents occurred during facilities management process and non-direct handling process of the materials, rather than direct handling process. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to reduce accidents caused while non-direct handling process of hazardous material. According to 2016"s National Fire Agency investigation, human factors accounts for 64.2% of the hazardous material accidents, among which 63.5% were caused by negligent management monitoring. In case of physical factors, 69.2% of the accident were caused by equipment failure. Therefore, reinforcement of the human factors in the safety management regarding hazardous materials in the future should be considered.

대구경북 치과위생사들의 치과재료에 대한 유해정보 소통 실태

김해경 ( Haekyoung Kim ),최상준 ( Sang Jun Choi ) 한국산업보건학회 2015 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the status of hazard communication regarding dental materials among dental hygienists in the Daegu Metropolitan City and the North Gyeongsang-do Province area. Materials: A total of 310 dental hygienists were surveyed using self-administered questionnaires to investigate the status of hazard communication on dental materials and information needs. We collected instructions for use and material safety data sheets(MSDSs) for 67 dental materials frequently used at dental hospitals located in the Daegu Metropolitan City and the North Gyeongsang-do Province area. Results: The questionnaire surveys showed that only 11% of the 310 dental hygienists had knowledge of MSDS and 46.8% of respondents never read instructions for use before using materials. Just 7.4% of dental hygienists have undergone training on hazard information for dental materials. In particular, dental hygienists working at dental clinics had significantly lower response rates on knowledge of MSDS(p<0.001), reading of instructions for use(p=0.042) and training on the hazard information of dental materials(p=0.004) than those in dental hospitals or general hospitals. The essential information most desired by dental hygienists was hazard identification(82.3%) followed by first-aid measures(53.9%), handling and storage(51%), disposal considerations (49%) and toxicological information(47.1%). All dental materials were on foreign products which came from Japan(59.7%), the USA(26.9%) and Liechtenstein(13.7%). In terms of usage, 56.7% of dental materials were prosthetic, followed by conservation(31.3%), orthodontics(9%), and prevention(3%). We found that dental hygienists had accessed MSDSs for only five dental products among the 67 dental materials. The instructions for the use of the 67 dental materials provided hazard identification(64.2%), first-aid measures(83.6%), handling and storage(97%), disposal considerations(20.9%) and toxicological information(26.9%). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the hazard communication system for dental hygienists working at dental clinics should be improved.

Analysis of Recent Accidents and Regulating Activities for the Hazardous Materials in Korea

Kyungok Kwon,Youngeun Kim 한국가스학회 2011 한국가스학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The systems in Korea regarding manufacture, storage, transport and use of hazardous materials are regulated by the related laws and ordinances. The number of accident from hazardous materials has recently decreased but the size of accident has increased according to the hazardous substances are greatly consumed and delivered. The results of analysis showed that most of accidents are caused by human problems and occurred frequently at unauthorized facilities. It is suggested that workers should be trained more and the strict regulation on unauthorized facilities is needed to reduce the accidents caused by hazardous materials.

Hazardous materials in buildings

Kim, Jeong Tai,Yu, Chuck W. F. Sage Publications 2014 Indoor and Built Environment Vol.23 No.1

<P>The purpose of this paper is to review the types of building materials that could present a hazardous risk to health of building occupants. The review is necessary as many countries including Korea and the UK have a policy target to make building sustainable and air-tight; therefore a strategy and guide is needed to address the possible hazards that could be found in existing structures of many buildings. For new buildings, the assessment should be at the beginning of building conception, which should be extended to all stages of construction, and the potential hazard should be registered in record to inform the future refurbishment procedures and end-of-life management of the building, for disposal and re-use of materials. The assessment of hazardous materials should be an important aspect of the green building certification such as those being developed in Korea. Various types of hazardous building materials are described. Guidance is provided to encourage precaution and remediation of risks when handling these materials during construction or refurbishment or with materials already in place in existing buildings. The good practice should include a checklist procedure including: survey, assess condition, assess presence, identify and analyse, record, evaluate, and finally develop a plan strategy for prevention and possible remediation.</P>

위험물 안전관리·관계자 전계층의 역량 및 환경에 관한 Data Analytics 분석

신은지,박소현,신동일 한국화재감식학회 2020 한국화재감식학회 학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Increased use of hazardous materials increases overall number of safety accidents such as leaks, fires, and explosions. Also, it causes environmental damage such as water pollution and air pollution, exacerbating extensive and diverse damage. In this study, a wide range of surveys were conducted on the entire groups related to safety management of hazardous materials, including safety managers and carriers responsible for safety management at hazardous materials industrial sites, and safety management agents and tank performance test workers who are specialized of hazardous materials, and civil service personnel and inspectors at fire stations. Because the sample size was large for each group, a multi-faceted survey was analyzed using data analytics such as correlation analysis and regression. The results show the findings in the aspect of safety capabilities and institutional environment to be improved for the enhanced safety management of hazardous materials.

위험물안전관리법상 알코올류와 과산화수소의 혼촉으로 인한 위험성 평가에 관한 연구

차정민(Jung-Min Cha),현성호(Seong-Ho Hyun) 한국위험물학회 2017 한국위험물학회지 Vol.5 No.1

In order to provide more efficient, practical, and safer education to learners aiming to learn hazardous materials, this study aimed to reproduce the incompatible hazard of classified hazardous materials such as alcohol, one of the hazardous flammable liquids belonging to the 4th class, and peroxide, one of the hazardous oxidizing liquids belonging to the 6th class of「Law of Safety Management of Hazardous Materials」distributed the most in site. It aimed to obtain basic data of incompatible hazard through the results of measuring the explosive sound when alcohol and peroxide would be mixed.

위험물의 개념 정립에 관한 연구

김창섭(Chang Seob, Kim),하동명(Dong Myeonng, Ha) 한국위험물학회 2015 한국위험물학회지 Vol.3 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the essential meaning of ‘hazardous materials’ which are defined differently by the objects of each law, regulation and agency. This research compares Korean laws with those of other developed countries and compares the typical differences. The original meaning of ‘hazardous materials’ is substances which are needed to respond immediately when an accident occurs. For the safety of the public who use this materials, it can be said in detail that ‘Hazardous Materials’ mean chemicals and chemical products which may cause danger to life, health, property or/and to the environment, and must therefore be properly controlled or authorized only when those are subject to specific restrictions. This shift of conception of ‘Hazardous Materials’ will be a foundation of the progress of safety management industry and base line data for the academic research.

Estimation of Sodium Hydroxide Waste Origin-Destination Matrices for Preventing Hazardous Material Transportation Disasters

김근영,Jung, Tae-Hwa,Kim, Sangwon 한국방재학회 2009 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.9 No.1

Hazardous materials (HazMats) are substances that are flammable, explosive, toxic, or harmful, if released into the environment. Since the transportation of HazMats increases in many developed countries, it is very important to have accurate information of production, storage, shipment, usage, and waste disposal. HazMat transportation has the key function in the process of HazMat usage. The Korean Ministry of Environment (KMOE) and the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) have developed many laws, regulations, and standards for hazardous materials. However, the Korean HazMat laws, regulations, and standards do not guarantee accurate information of HazMat origin-destination (O-D) shipments, though the HazMat O-D movement is the critical information in safety and security of HazMat transportation. The objectives of this research are: (1) to investigate emerging and recurrent issues in Korean HazMat transportation, and (2) to develop the estimation method of O-D matrices for hazardous materials under limited data sets. The sodium hydroxide waste shipment among forty candidate HazMats is selected as the sample research case. The growth-factor method is applied to estimate the 2005 O-D matrix of sodium-hydroxide waste shipment. The column-and-row factoring process is used to calibrate the estimated sodium-hydroxide O-D matrix. The result shows the applicability of the O-D estimation process for hazardous materials. Hazardous materials (HazMats) are substances that are flammable, explosive, toxic, or harmful, if released into the environment. Since the transportation of HazMats increases in many developed countries, it is very important to have accurate information of production, storage, shipment, usage, and waste disposal. HazMat transportation has the key function in the process of HazMat usage. The Korean Ministry of Environment (KMOE) and the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) have developed many laws, regulations, and standards for hazardous materials. However, the Korean HazMat laws, regulations, and standards do not guarantee accurate information of HazMat origin-destination (O-D) shipments, though the HazMat O-D movement is the critical information in safety and security of HazMat transportation. The objectives of this research are: (1) to investigate emerging and recurrent issues in Korean HazMat transportation, and (2) to develop the estimation method of O-D matrices for hazardous materials under limited data sets. The sodium hydroxide waste shipment among forty candidate HazMats is selected as the sample research case. The growth-factor method is applied to estimate the 2005 O-D matrix of sodium-hydroxide waste shipment. The column-and-row factoring process is used to calibrate the estimated sodium-hydroxide O-D matrix. The result shows the applicability of the O-D estimation process for hazardous materials.

실험중심의 위험물질론 교과운영에 관한 연구

현성호(Hyun, Seong-Ho),송윤석(Song, Yun-Suk),차정민(Cha, Jeong-Min) 한국화재소방학회 2009 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.춘계

국내 전국대학 실험실을 비롯한 위험물 관련 사고사례를 조사하였으며, 중앙소방학교를 비롯한 서울, 경기, 부산, 광주, 경북, 충청소방학교의 위험물에 대한 교과운영이 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지 조사하고, 각 대학 소방관련학과에서 운영하고 있는 위험물질론 교과 운영이 어떻게 진행되고 있는지에 대해서도 조사하였다. 또한 중앙 119 구조대를 비롯한 각 지방소방학교에서 교육을 받고 있는 현직 소방공무원을 대상으로 위험물관련 교육에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 설문결과를 분석하여 현행 위험물 교육의 문제점을 찾고 새로운 실험중심의 위험물 교과운영방안으로 효율적인 학습방안을 제시함으로서 위험물관련 사고사례를 사전에 예방할 수 있는 교육 안에 대해 제시코자 하였다. This thesis investigated accidents in relation with hazardous materials such as university laboratories in our country. In addition, this thesis investigated how the courses, hazardous materials, are managed, centering on Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan, Gwangju, Gyeongbuk, and Chungbuk Fire Service Academy as well as National Fire Service Academy, and investigated how the courses, hazardous materials, are managed, centering on the courses in relation with fire service in universities, too. This thesis, also, performed a questionnaire survey on the education in relation with hazardous materials, objecting fire service officers on working who took education in respective provincial fire service academies and National 119 Rescue Services. This thesis analyzed the results of questionnaires, found problems in the current education about hazardous materials, and presented effective learning methods as the courses, hazardous materials, management methods, centering on new experiments. In addition, this thesis tried to present education plans with which people could prevent from the accidents in relation with hazardous materials.