공동주택에서의 전열교환 및 바닥매립 환기시스템 적용에 따른 에너지절약 성능평가

김종원,이정재 대한건축학회지회연합회 2017 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구에서는 전열교환 및 바닥매립 환기시스템의 적용시 냉·난방기 외기온 변화에 따른 실내 송풍온도를 도출하였다. 또한 도출된 결과를 이용하여 환기로 인해 손실되는 열량을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1) 전열교환 환기시스템의 실내 송풍온도는 냉방기에 평균 25.91℃, 난방기에 평균 17.50℃로 나타났다. 난방기 최저 외기온도 -15℃에서도 영상의 송풍온도를 나타냈다. 2) 바닥매립 환기시스템의 실내 송풍온도는 냉방기에 평균 25.08℃, 난방기에 평균 22.04℃로 나타났다. 3) 전열교환 환기시스템의 손실열량은 냉방기의 경우 -16.29~-35.69Wh, 난방기의 경우 53.19~117.83Wh로 나타났다. 제1종 환기방식 대비 평균 74.27% 에너지 절약적인 것으로 나타났다. 4) 바닥매립 환기시스템의 총 손실열량을 계산해 보면 냉방기 -46.33~-126.38Wh, 난방기 235.35~520.38Wh로 제1종 환기방식과 근소한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 5) 전열교환 환기시스템과 바닥매립 환기시스템의 손실열량을 비교해보면 전열교환 환기시스템이 바닥매립 환기시스템 대비 평균 74.87% 에너지 절약적인 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과 환기시스템의 적용에 따른 냉·난방 에너지의 손실을 최소화하기 위해서는 전열교환 환기시스템의 적용이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the indoor supplied temperature according to variation of outdoor temperature in cooling and heating seasons was drawn when the heat recovery system and the floor embedded ventilation system were applied. Besides, the heat loss due to ventilation was analyzed by using the drawn results. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1) The indoor supplied temperature of the heat recovery ventilation system was averagely to be 25.91℃ during the cooling season and 17.50℃ for a during the heating season. It showed the supplied temperature above zero even under the lowest outdoor temperature of -15℃. 2) The indoor supplied temperature of the floor embedded ventilation system was averagely to be 25.08℃ during the cooling season and 22.04℃ for a during the heating season. 3) The heat loss of the heat recovery ventilation system was found to be -16.29~-35.69Wh in case of a cooling season and 53.19~117.83Wh in case of a heating season. It was found that it could save the energy of 74.27% on average compared to the Type 1 ventilation system. 4) The heat loss of the floor embedded ventilation system were calculated, it was found to be -46.33~-126.38Wh for a cooling season and 235.35~520.38Wh for a heating season, which similar to the Type 1 ventilation system. 5) Compared the heat loss of the heat recovery ventilation system with that of the floor embedded ventilation system, it was found that the heat recovery ventilation system could save the energy of 74.87% on average compared to the floor embedded ventilation system. As a result of the study, it was shown that the application of the heat recovery ventilation system is appropriate in order to minimize the loss of energy for cooling and heating according to the application of a ventilation system.

Ventilation System Strategy for a Prospective Korean Radioactive Waste Repository

Jin Kim,Sang-Ki Kwon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.3 No.2

방사성 폐기물의 지층 처분장 건설 및 운영을 위한 개념 선정 단계에서는 폐기물 운반 및 거치뿐 아니라, 처분장의 건설/운영/폐쇄 기간 동안 지하 처분장의 작업 환경 및 위생, 안전, 그리고 처분장내의 수분 제거와 같은 향후 처분장의 환경을 위해 처분장 환기시스템에 대한 고려가 향후 처분장의 환경을 위해 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문은 동굴처분 방식의 중-저준위 처분장 및 지하 심부에 위치하게 될 고준위 처분장에 대한 환기시스템 개념설계 기준 및 요구사항에 대한 내용이다. 방사성폐기물 처분장의 환기 시스템에서 가장 주된 기본 설계 개념은 처분장 건설과 폐기물저장을 위한 작업활동을 위해 각각 독립적이고 분리된 환기시스템을 적용하여야 한다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 방사성폐기물 처분장의 환기시스템의 설계과정에 대해 기술하고 환기회로 모델링 방법, 자연 환기, 환기 모니터링 시스템과 실시간 환기 시뮬레이션, 화재 시뮬레이션 및 비상 방재 시스템에 관한 사항도 논의하였다 In the stage of conceptual design for the construction and operation of the geologic repository for radioactive wastes, it is important to consider a repository ventilation system which serves the repository working environment, hygiene & safety of the public at large, and will allow safe maintenance like moisture content elimination in repository for the duration of the repositories life, construction/operation/closure, also allowing safe waste transportation and emplacement. This paper describes the possible ventilation system design criteria and requirements for the prospective Korean radioactive waste repositories with emphasis on the underground rock cavity disposal method in the both cases of low & medium-level and high-level wastes. It was found that the most important concept is separate ventilation systems for the construction (development) and waste emplacement (storage) activities. In addition, ventilation network system modeling, natural ventilation, ventilation monitoring systems & real time ventilation simulation, and fire simulation & emergency system in the repository are briefly discussed.

공동주택 전열교환 및 바닥매립 환기시스템의 난방 에너지소비량 분석

김종원,이정재 대한건축학회지회연합회 2017 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.19 No.5

본 연구에서는 에너지 절약적 환기시스템인 전열교홤 및 바닥매립 환기시스템에 대한 정량적인 성능을 제시하고자 한다. 정량적인 환기시스템의 효과를 제시하기 위해서는 실제 냉·난방기기의 에너지소비량 분석이 필요하다. 따라서 정량적인 환기시스템의 효과를 제시하기위해 실내·외 온도차가 크게 발생하는 난방기에 대하여 환기시스템 가동시 보일러의 에너지소비량을 측정하였다. 전열교환 환기시스템 적용에 따른 시간당 난방 에너지소비량을 분석하면 1,392Wh/cycle(0℃), 1,973Wh/cycle(-12℃), 2,299Wh/cycle(-15℃)로 나타났다. 바닥매립 환기시스템의 시간당 난방 에너지소비량은 2,040Wh/cycle(0℃), 2,747Wh/cycle(-12℃), 3,292Wh/cycle(-15℃)로 나타났다. 총 에너지소비 증가량을 비교하게 되면 전열교환 환기시스템이 84.06%(0℃), 80.91%(-12℃), 78.18%(-15℃) 에너지 절약적인 것으로 나타났다 The purpose of this study is to present the quantitative performance of the heat recovery & floor embedded ventilation systems which is energy saving ventilation systems. To present the quantitative performance needs to analyze the real energy consumption of the heating & cooling equipment. So, when operating the ventilation system, the study measured boiler energy consumption in heating season with large difference temperature between indoor and outdoor. The energy consumption per hour of the heat recovery ventilation systems was to be 1,392Wh/cycle(at outdoor temp. is 0℃), 1,973Wh/cycle(at outdoor temp. is -12℃), 2,299Wh/cycle (at outdoor temp. is -15℃). And then, The one of the floor embedded ventilation system was to be 2,040Wh/cycle(at outdoor temp. is 0℃), 2,747Wh/cycle(at outdoor temp. is -12℃), 3,292Wh/cycle(at outdoor temp. is -15℃). As a result of comparing two ventilation systems, The heat recovery ventilation system could save 84.06%(at outdoor temp. is 0℃), 80.91%(at outdoor temp. is -12℃), 78,18%(at outdoor temp. is -15℃).

결로방지를 위한 공용배기 활용 환기 시스템의 습도저감 성능 분석

이수인(Suin Lee),최경석(Gyeong-Seok Choi),이용준(Yong Jun Lee),이현화(Hyun-Hwa Lee) 대한설비공학회 2021 설비공학 논문집 Vol.33 No.2

In order to prevent condensation, it is necessary to remove water vapor through ventilation. In this study, we proposed a hybrid ventilation system in which natural ventilation and cen-tralized exhaust fan (VCE) ventilation systems are linked, and then compared the air flow of the natural ventilation system and the VCE system using a Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The possibility of condensation was analyzed according to the systems’ chang-es in temperature and relative humidity, and the temperature and the humidity of the ventila-tion systems were directly measured within apartment houses. The results revealed that the ventilation volume of the whole household measured at 0.15 ACH when the natural ventila-tion was applied, and 0.50 ACH when the VCE system was applied. The average indoor air temperature only decreased by 1℃ when VCE was applied, indicating a very slight differ-ence when compared to the natural ventilation system. In addition, the result of analyzing the relative humidity distribution shows that the local relative humidity exceeded 100%, and that condensation conditions were formed when the natural ventilation system was applied. How-ever, the relative humidity distribution was even, and less than 100%, when the VCE system was applied, indicating a low probability of condensation. The results of analyzing the dif-ferences in average indoor air temperature with the VCE system shows that the air tempera-ture was measured to be 1.9℃ lower in the living room, and 2.27℃ lower in the laundry room, the balcony, and the evacuation space, than the air temperatures achieved with the nat-ural ventilation system. As a result of measuring the levels of absolute humidity, the average absolute humidity with the shared exhaust ventilation system was lower by 44.56% in the liv-ing room, the laundry room, and the evacuation space, when compared to the humidity of the natural ventilation opening case. Therefore, the results revealed that the humidity reduction performance was improved when the shared exhaust ventilation system was applied, when compared to the natural ventilation system, which could be effective in the prevention of condensation.

A Study on Ventilation System of Underground Low-Intermediate Radioactive Waste Repository

Young-MIn Kim,O-Sang Kwon,Chan-Hoon Yoon,Sang-Ki Kwon,Jin Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2007 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.5 No.1

지하 동굴식 처분장의 건설, 운영 및 중-저준위 방사성폐기물을 처분한 이후 발생하게 되는 오염물질(Rn, CH CO, HS, Radiolysis에 의한 방사능 가스 등)은 적절한 공기량을 필요로 한 곳에 정확히 분배시킬 수 있는 환기시스템에 의해 통제되도록 하여야한다. 특히 지하 처분장은 여러 개의 진입 터널, 저장 터널, 공기 유입-배기 터널, 수직갱 등으로 이루어진 복잡한 회로망의 형태로 나타나기 때문에 이에 적절한 기술적 접근이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 환기시스템 구축을 위한 기술적 접근을 위해 미국의 WIPP (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant)처분장과 스웨덴의 SFR (Slutforvar for Reaktoravfall) 중-저준위 처분장을 모델로 하여 두 처분장의 소요환기량을 선정하고 설계상 통풍로의 단면적, 길이, 표면 거칠기 등을 고려한 환기회로를 구성하였으며, 수학적으로 계산되는 각 회로의 저항에 대해 기술하였다. 또한 이를 바탕으로 적절한 선풍기의 용량과 수직갱 운용방안을 설계하였다. 두 처분장의 지형상의 규모 및 환기시설 비교 결과, SFR 처분장에 비해 WIPP 처분장에서와 같이 병렬구조가 많을수록 처분장 전체의 저항이 감소되며 이러한 결과로 환기시스템의 운용비 절감효과를 얻을 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다. 따라서 처분용량 증대를 위한 대단면의 SFR 처분장 구조와 전체 저항 감소를 위한 WIPP 처분장의 병렬구조를 조합한 형태가 가장 합리적이며 효율적인 환기가 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The pollutants (Rn, CH, CO, HS, radioactive gas from radiolysis) were generated from the process of construction and operation of underground repository, and after disposal of low-intermediate radioactive waste inside there must be controlled by a ventilation system to distribute them in area where enough air is supported. Therefore, a suitable technical approach is needed especially at an underground repository that is equipped with many entry tunnels, storage tunnels, exhaust-blowing tunnels, and vertical shafts in complicated network form. For the technical approach of such a ventilation system, WIPP (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant) in U. S and SFR (Slutforvar for Reaktorafall) low-intermediate radioactive waste repository in Sweden were selected as the models, for calculating the required air quantity, organizing a ventilation network considering cross section, length, surface roughness of the air passage, and describing a calculation of resistance of each circuit. Based on these procedures, a best suited ventilation system was completed with designing proper capacity of fans and operating plan of vertical shafts. As a result of comparing the two repositories based on the geometry dimensions and ventilation facility equipment operation, more parallel circuit as in WIPP, brought decrease in resistance for entire system leading to reduce of operating costs, and the larger cross-sectional area of the SFR, the greater the percentage of disposal capacity. Accordingly, the mixture of parallel circuit of WIPP repository for reducing resistance and SFR repository formation for enlargement of disposal capacity would be the most rational and efficient ventilation system.

주택환기시스템에서의 통합 배기 적용가능성 검토에 관한 연구

문성민(Moon Sung-Min),김광현(Kim Kwang-Hyun),김창남(Kim Chang-Nam),김용경(Kim Yong-Kyoung),이정재(Yee Jung-Jae) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2007 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Recently, the instruction of house ventilation system was necessary because of the recent construction trend and the legal ventilation frequency 0.7 point inside the house of common. It is general in the ventilation system that air supply and return to each room. But that system is not efficient in the economic and construction circle. So we study the instruction of unify ventilation system. The purpose of system is to compare the original ventilation system and unify ventilation system. The results which it applies from actual apartment site are as following. In the wind-amount test, unify ventilation system shows more wind amount than the existing facilities. Pressure loss shows the opposite results. This displays a more efficient ventilation ability and there is also an application possibility. Finally, we finds unify ventilation system's a new possibility and we recognize that more detailed-tests are required to unify ventilation system's practical use.

주택환기용 덕트 방식에서 통합 배기 방식의 적용가능성 검토

김재문,문성민,이정재 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회지회연합회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1

Recently, the instruction of house ventilation system was necessary because of the recent construction trend and the legal ventilation frequency 0.7 point inside the house of common. It is general in the ventilation system that air supply and return to each room. But that system is not efficient in the economic and construction circle. So we study the instruction of unify ventilation system. The purpose of system is to compare the original ventilation system and unify ventilation system. The results which it applies from actual apartment site are as following. In the wind-amount test, unify ventilation system shows more wind amount than the existing facilities. Pressure loss shows the opposite results. This displays a more efficient ventilation ability and there is also an application possibility. Finally, we finds unify ventilation system's a new possibility and we recognize that more detailed-tests are required to unify ventilation system's practical use.

공동주택의 환기시스템 실태 및 만족도 조사 연구

주정훈(Ju, Jung-Hoon),박진철(Park, Jin-Chul),전영훈(Jeon, Young-Hoon),김동영(Kim, Dong-Young) 대한건축학회 2015 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.31 No.6

In this study, the usage status and satisfaction of the ventilation system installed in apartment houses of Seoul were investigated for 200 households. The summary of that study result is shown as follows: In the survey, approximately more than 20% of the residents in apartment houses were not aware of the installation of the ventilation system. Meanwhile, even in the residents who were aware that the ventilation system is installed, approximately more than 35% answered that they were not using it at all. The reason was their ignorance about how to use the ventilation system. Also, it showed that approximately more than 75% of the residents didn"t perform maintenance of the ventilation system such as cleaning, etc. Besides, in order to enhance the ventilation system in apartment houses, preparation of manuals about usage, and cleaning method (37.58%), and publicity and instruction on the ventilation system in moving in (29.3%) are necessary. On the analysis of satisfaction on the ventilation system, age, gender, period of residence, and number of residence were found to be irrelevant to the characteristics of the respondents. Also, the respondents answered that the difference in each ventilation system such as ceiling & floor type was irrelevant to the satisfaction. For the ventilation system improvement criteria, maintenance (filtering and cleaning, 46.88%) and cleanliness (21.88%) were found to be priority.

주거용 건축물의 환기시스템 관련 제도 분석 및 개선 방향 제안 - 기계 환기시스템의 팬 에너지 절감을 중심으로

윤요선(Yun, Yo-Sun),조경주(Cho, Kyung-Joo) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2021 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.5

Currently, laws and rating systems related to residential ventilation systems focus on improving indoor air quality and responding to fine dust problems rather than energy saving technologies. In terms of energy savings, the ventilation system of an apartment house has a large ripple effect because a system developed for an apartment house can be applied to several households at the same time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the laws, rules, rating systems, and existing literatures related to residential ventilators, and to derive a system improvement plan for reducing ventilation energy of residential buildings. Through the analysis of domestic policies, laws and rating systems related to residential ventilation systems, the performance standards were analyzed with energy-related provisions of mechanical ventilation systems applied in residential buildings. The basic performance of mechanical ventilation systems of residential buildings should comply with the Rules on facility Standards of Buildings. However, energy savings need not to be considered mandatory. For this reason, firstly through the analysis of existing research, room-by-room control and bypass control were derived as ventilation energy reduction technologies. and filed experiments were conducted to verify the technology. As a result of the field test, when the bypass mode was applied, it was reduced by 42~55% compared to the heat recovery ventilation mode. When room-by-room control is applied, fan power can be reduced by 8 to 49% compared to all-room control. In this study, based on the research results, improvement proposals for ventilation-related laws, rules and rating systems were proposed. It is to reflect the contents of room-by-room control and bypass control in the residential ventilation system.

소형차 전용 도로터널의 환기기 제어방안에 대한 연구

유지오,이후영,장지돈 사단법인 한국터널지하공간학회 2019 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.21 No.6

최근 들어 대도시의 교통난 해소 및 녹지공간 확보를 위해서 도로의 지하화가 추진되고 있으며, 대형차 혼입률이 낮기 때문에 소형차 전용 도로터널로 계획되거나 건설되고 있다. 또한, 도시에 건설되고 있는 터널은 간선도로의 기능을 수행하기 위해서 장대화되는 추세이다. 따라서 환기시스템의 용량이 증대하고 다양한 환기방식이 요구되고 있으며, 환기기 운전비용 등 터널준공 후, 유지관리의 중요성이 부각되게 되었다. 따라서 환기기 소비전력의 절감을 위한 운전단계의 최적화나 환기기 운전제어로직에 대한 연구의 필요성이 증대하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 소형차 전용도로 터널에 ①제트팬방식과 조합환기방식, ② 제트팬 + 공기정화방식, ③ 제트팬 + 수직갱방식, ④ 제트팬 + 급기반횡류환기방식을 적용하여 에너지 절약적인 환기기 운전을 실현하기 위해서 운전단계 및 제어로직 최적화 방안의 필요성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 결과로 조합환기방식의 터널의 경우, 다양한 운전조합이 있을 수 있으며, 발생되는 환기량이 동일할 지라도 운전조합에 따라 소요동력이 크게 차이가 나며, 일반적으로 수행하고 있는 제트팬 우선 운전방식보다는 축류팬을 우선 운전하는 것이 동력절감에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. In recent years, in urban areas, underground of roads are being promoted in order to resolve traffic congestion and to secure green spaces, and due to the low ratio of large vehicles, they are planned or constructed as road tunnels for small cars only. In addition, the tunnels being built in the city is a tendency to be enlarged to play the role of main roads. Accordingly, the capacity of the ventilation system is increasing and various ventilation methods are required, and the importance of maintenance after the completion of the tunnel such as the operating cost of the ventilation system is emphasized. Therefore, the need for optimization of the operation stage for reducing the power consumption of the ventilation system and the study of the ventilation system operation control logic is increasing. In this study, the study on the necessity of the optimization of operation stage and control logic of the ventilation system was carried out to realize the energy-saving operation for the small car only passing through tunnels which is applied of ① jet fan and combination ventilation system (② jet fan + air purifying equipment, ③ jet fan + vertical shaft , ④ jet fan + supply air semi-transverse). As a result of this study, there can be various operating combinations in the case of the combined ventilation system, and even though the amount of ventilation air is the same, the operating power varies greatly according to the operating combinations. It was found that operating the axial fan first rather than the jet fan first operation method has an effect on power saving.