A High-Resolution Laser Beam Collimator System for a High-Density Ternary Barcode Detection System

Hiroo Wakaumi 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

A laser beam collimator system with a high numerical aperture lens and a 1.2 mm aperture masked collimator is proposed to realize a miniature high-resolution ternary barcode detection system in which high-density ternary barcodes can be detected. It was clarified that a 1.2 mm aperture mask combined with a 0.5 NA lens is suitable for maintaining the laser beam width at less than 150 μm over a wide range of more than 4.5 cm. The laser head with this collimator system was applied to a ternary barcode detection system. It was confirmed that the detection system could detect the ternary barcode with a minimum bar width of 0.2 mm over a practical detection range greater than 5 cm (which conventional detection systems could not detect) by optimizing the clamp bias voltage in the clamping circuit to-0.8 V, and the gray bar concentration to 58 %. This collimator system has potential applications in high-speed, high-resolution ternary or binary barcode detection systems.

양 방향 강세 시스템과 3-음절 강세 음보(ternary stress feet)의 상관관계

조혜성 ( Cho Hye-sung ) 대한언어학회 2020 언어학 Vol.28 No.4

Hyde (2008) defined bidirectional stress systems as binary systems with a mixed directional orientation. As a result, in odd-parity words, an internal lapse arises adjacent to a single isolated foot, which yields a sequence of a foot and an unparsed syllable, [(σ)σ(σ)(σ)], in the middle. This paper contends that to avoid the stranded syllable in the ternary stress configurations, bidirectional systems opt for one of their own parsing tactics: a ternary stress foot. This is in sharp contrast with unidirectional systems which parse a stray syllable at edges into a degenerate foot. This also leads us to infer that there is a correlation between bidirectional systems and ternary stress feet that should be captured so as to account for the existence of language-specific ternary stress foot-conditioned phonological and morphological operations which have bidirectional stress systems. This paper parses trisyllabic configurations into Internally Layered Ternary (ILT) stress feet which consist of a disyllabic foot with a left- or right-weak adjoined syllable, as proposed by recursive foot theories (Bennett, 2012; Martínez-Paricio, 2012; Kager, 2012).

Effect of rice husk ash and silica fume in ternary system on the properties of blended cement paste and concrete

Zainal Arifin Ahmad,Bun Kim Ngun,Hasmaliza Mohamad,Etsuo Sakai 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2010 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.11 No.3

The effects of rice husk ash (RHA) and fume silica (SF) in both binary and ternary systems on the properties of cement pastes and the compressive strength of concretes were studied. The amount of cement replacement in both systems was 15%. The free calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) content was analyzed using XRD and TG/DTA for the hardened cement pastes. The results showed that the amount of Ca(OH)2 decreased significantly the curing ages for all blended cement pastes. At 28 days, the amount of Ca(OH)2 in OPC is 17.31%, 8.18% in RHA and 6.43% in SF replacements, respectively. The ternary system similarly indicates a significant reduction of Ca(OH)2 content. The compressive strength of concretes was improved significantly by blending the aforementioned materials in both systems. In the ternary system, the concretes containing 7.5%SF and 7.5% RHA gave remarkable improvement in the compressive strength. For example after 90 days curing, the strength is 57.8 MPa whilst only 47.5 MPa for OPC. Therefore, the application of proper ratios of RHA and SF in a ternary system is able to increase the properties of the concrete.

Solarcell의 효율 향상을 위한 ternaryblendsystem의 도입과 malononitrile 유도체의 합성

박영수,김주현,이봉 한국화상학회 2012 한국화상학회지 Vol.18 No.2

용해성이 우수하며, 강한 electron-withdrawing 특성을 나타내는 cyano group 을 가지는, 새로운 전자acceptor 재료인 malononitrile 유도체 (2-(2,6-bis((E)-4-tert-butylstyryl)-4H-pyran-4-ylid-ene)malononitrile (t-BuPM)을 합성하였다. 합성된 acceptor 재료 t-BuPM을 donor와 acceptor 재료로 널리 사용되고 있는 poly[2-Methoxy-5-(2-EthylHexyloxy)-P-Phenylene-Vinylene](MEH-PPV)와 (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl)-{5}-1-1-phenyl-[5,6]-fullerene (PCBM)과 함께ternary blend system으로 유기 태양전지 소자를 제작하였다. 소자는 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV:t-BuPM:PCBM/Al 구조와 같이 제작하여 광전변환 특성을 측정하였다. 합성된 재료의 HOMO와LUMO energy level은 -5.97,-3.49eV로 측정되었으며, t-BuPM을 사용하여 ternary blend system 으로 제작된소자의 에너지변환 효율은 AM 1.5G, 1 sun 조건(100mA/cm2)에서 1.85%로 측정되었다. Short circuit current density (Jsc)는 5.54mA/cm2, fillfactor(FF)는 41%, open circuit voltage(Voc)는 0.80 V로 측정되었다. We reported a novel malononitrile derivatives (2-(2,6-bis((E)-4-tert-butylstyryl)-4Hpyran- 4-ylid-ene) malononitrile (t-BuPM) combines good solubility,cyano group which have strong electron-withdrawing ability. Blends ofMEH-PPV, t-BuPM and PCBM fabricated the organic solar cell device. We also fabricated device such as ITO/MEH-PPV:t-BuPM:PCBM/Al. We measured photovoltaic properties by the variation of blending materials. The HOMO and LUMO energy level of t-BuPM, estimated from cyclic voltammograms, were -5.97,-3.49 eV. The power conversion efficiency that is fabricated by ternary blend system using t-BuPM was measured 1.85 %. It was shown that the short circuit current density (Isc) of 5.54mA/cm2, fillfactor(FF) of 41%, open circuit voltage(Voc) of 0.80V, underAm1.5Gand1suncondition(100mA/cm2).

The Reductive Effects of Copper Concentration by Adding Boron to Fe-Cu-B Ternary System and Fe-Cu-Ag-B System

Chang-Suk Han(Chang-Suk Han),Woo-Bin Sim(Woo-Bin Sim) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2023 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.42 No.2

3원계 Fe-Cu-B 및 4원계 Fe-Cu-Ag-B에 대하여 1873 K과 1523 K에서 평형실험을 실시하였다. Fe-rich상 내의 B농도가 0.63, 3.49, 6.71 mass%인 경우에 대하여 1873 K에서 실험을 진행한 후의 시료는 위쪽층에 Fe를 다량 포함하는 Fe-rich상과 아래층에 Cu를 다량 함유하는 Cu-rich상인 2액상 분리가 확인되었다. 1873 K 및 1523 K에서 Fe-rich상 내의 Cu농도 및 Cu-rich상 내의 Fe농도에 미치는 Fe-rich상 내의 B농도는 각각 4.60, 5.30 mass%이었다. Ag-rich상 내의 B농도는 모든 시료에서 0.001 mass% 이하 이었으며, 1523 K에서 실험을 진행한 후의 Fe-rich상 내의 Cu농도는 B농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Fe-rich상 내의 B농도를 약 3 mass%로 고정시키고 Cu농도를 변화시켰을 때의 Cu분배비율 약 6으로 측정되었으며, Cu농도에 관계없이 거의 일정한 값을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 C, Si, P에 비하여 B를 첨가시킨 경우가 Fe내의 Cu제거에 가장 효과가 있다. Fe-Cu-B계에서는 1873 K에 비하여 1523 K에서 Fe-Cu계의 2액상 분리 영역이 넓다. Fe-Cu-Ag-B계인 경우 Ag내에 Cu가 분배하며, 3원계인 Fe-Cu-B보다 Fe-rich상 내의 Cu를 대폭적으로 저감시킬 수 있다. Equilibrium experiments were performed on Fe-Cu-B ternary system and Fe-Cu-Ag-B system at 1873 K and 1523 K. In the case where the B concentration in the Fe-rich phase is 0.63, 3.49, 6.71 mass%, the sample after the experiment at 1873 K is a Fe-rich phase containing a large amount of Fe in the upper layer and Cu containing a large amount of Cu in the lower layer. Separation of the two liquid phases was confirmed. At 1873 K and 1523 K, the B concentration in the Fe-rich phase on the Cu concentration in the Fe-rich phase and the Fe concentration in the Cu-rich phase was 4.60 and 5.30 mass%, respectively. The B concentration in the Ag-rich phase was 0.001 mass% or less in all samples, and the Cu concentration in the Fe-rich phase after the experiment at 1523 K decreased as the B concentration increased. When the B concentration in the Fe-rich phase was fixed at about 3 mass% and the Cu concentration was changed, the Cu distribution ratio was measured to be about 6, and it was found that the concentration was almost constant regardless of the Cu concentration. Therefore, the case where B is added compared to C, Si, and P is most effective in removing Cu in Fe. In the Fe-Cu-B ternary system, the bi-liquid separation region of the Fe-Cu binary system is wider at 1523 K compared to 1873 K. In the case of the Fe-Cu-Ag-B system, Cu is distributed in Ag, and Cu in the Fe-rich phase can be significantly reduced than the Fe-Cu-B ternary system.

Phase formation and luminescence properties of ternary solid-solution among tetragonal systems

Unithrattil, Sanjith,Kim, Ha Jun,Im, Won Bin ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2019 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.798 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A new strategy for developing solid-solution compounds from three constituent compounds was analyzed. Using this strategy, a series of yellow-light-emitting phosphors derived from ternary solid-solution host compositions were prepared using solid-state synthesis. Three vertex members, Sr<SUB>3</SUB>SiO<SUB>5</SUB> (space group <I>P</I>4/<I>ncc</I>), Sr<SUB>3</SUB>AlO<SUB>4</SUB>F (space group <I>I</I>4/<I>mcm</I>), and LaSr<SUB>2</SUB>AlO<SUB>5</SUB> (space group <I>I</I>4/<I>mcm</I>), were selected from similar crystal structures with slightly different symmetries. The crystallization space group of the composition was found to be dependent on the end members, and from the vertex of the ternary plot to the centroid, the composition assumed the space group that was more tolerant toward substitutions. All the compositions, except those lying at the periphery of the ternary plot, formed a single phase and emitted yellow light when activated with Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. The luminescence properties of the 28 selected compositions on the ternary plot were analyzed. The compound that was formed from a 1:2:1 ratio of end members assumed a <I>I</I>4/<I>mcm</I> structure and showed the highest-intensity emission. Phosphor derived from the developed host lattice was analyzed for application in solid-state lighting devices by preparing a white-light emitting device.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Phase formation in ternary solid-solutions of tetragonal systems. </LI> <LI> Tetragonal structure Sr<SUB>3</SUB>SiO<SUB>5</SUB>, LaSr<SUB>2</SUB>AlO<SUB>3</SUB> and Sr<SUB>3</SUB>AlO<SUB>4</SUB>F are investigated in the preparation of ternary solid solution. </LI> <LI> Structural analysis of all the selected compositions was carried out using the Le Bail method. </LI> <LI> The detailed structural analysis of selected compositions was performed via Rietveld refinement. </LI> <LI> Ternary solid solution present great color tunability in wLED fabrication. </LI> </UL> </P>

Surface Modification of Spinel Ferrite with Biopolymer for Adsorption of Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Single and Ternary Dye System

Mukesh Kumar,Harmanjit Singh Dosanjh,Harminder Singh 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.4

In this work, nano cobalt ferrite was modified with biopolymer sodium alginate in alginic form and the prepared magnetic composite (CoFN-Alg) was examined by different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscope with energy dispersive spectra, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation. The CoFN-Alg composite was used as adsorbent to remove Congo red (CR), brilliant green (BG), and methylene blue (MB) dyes from single and ternary dye systems. The adsorption of different dyes on CoFNAlg composite was studied at varying parameters such as contact time, varying pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration at different temperatures through batch mode. Results of kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption data of different dyes in single system as well as ternary system was best fitted in Lagergren pseudo second order model. Similarly, the adsorption equilibrium data was well correlated by Langmuir isotherm model in both types of dye systems. In single system, the maximum adsorption capacities of CR, BG, and MB dyes for CoFN-Alg composite were 93.0, 92.1, 95.8 mg/g and for ternary system were 60.0, 64.4, and 76.9 mg/g, respectively. The calculated adsorption thermodynamic parameters confirmed that adsorption process was spontaneous in nature. The results of regeneration studies concluded that CoFN-Alg composite retained around 78 % regeneration efficiency even after five successive cycles in single as well as ternary system. The present study revealed that CoFN-Alg composite might be suitable alternative for the removal of different dyes in single as well as multi-component system.

Adsorption of heavy metal ions in ternary systems onto Fe(OH)3

Muhammad Waseem,Syed Mustafa,Muhammad Irshad,Khizar Hussain Shah,Umer Rashid,Wajid Rehman 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.12

The adsorption behavior of amorphous Fe(OH)3 has been studied in multicomponent metal system. The metal ions uptake in the ternary system is lower than in the single system, suggesting that certain sites on the surface of the solid are blocked due to competition. The selectivity trend in the ternary system is observed to be Ni2+>Zn2+>Cd2+ which is, however, lost with increase in the temperature of the aqueous solution. Further, the observed selectivity trend is neither related to electronegativity of the metal ions nor to the pH of the hydrolysis, but has been found dependent on charge to radius ratio. The metal ions adsorption is found to increase with pH, while the converse is true with the rise in temperature. The uptake of metal ions data has been interpreted in terms of stoichiometry, binding constants and adsorption capacities. The negative values of ΔG show that uptake of metal ions is favored at lower temperatures,indicating that the adsorption mechanism essentially remains ion exchange in nature.

ON THE DIGITS OF NUMBERS IN THE SYSTEM LOGIC B₃

HASAN KELES The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2024 Journal of applied and pure mathematics Vol.6 No.1

This study is about digits of numbers in system logic B₃. Any real number is written as digits in the binary system, in the ternary system. The numbers in base two and base three are also written in the B₃ system ternary logic. These two writing methods are transferred into the third method. The real numbers 0,1 and 0, 1, 2 are written as digits. The same real numbers are written as digits of elements of the set -1, 0, 1 in base B₃. The periods here are investigated. The relationship between these digits is analysed.

A High-Speed Six-Line Ternary Barcode Detection System with a Dual Threshold Method

Hiroo Wakaumi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

A six-line ternary barcode detection system employing a dual threshold detection method has been developed to investigate the possibility of realizing multi-line scanners. This system, characterizing the subtraction of an attenuated enveloped line of a detected barcode signal from the original signal, enables detection over a larger range and also at higher scanning speeds while containing a great amount of information. The system using a six-line ternary barcode and a six-mirror-facet raster scanner was demonstrated to be capable of providing detection in a wide detection range of over 3.5 cm at a scanning speed of 417 scan/sec, over eight times that of conventional CCD cameras. The allowable skew angle for detection of barcode was over -16~+16 degrees, which are nearly equivalent to that in the conventional two-dimensional barcode detection system. The possibility of high-speed detection with a sufficient detection range determined by the raster scanner configuration and a practically usable large allowable skew angle for barcode detection was confirmed even when the scanning lines were increased. This system is expected to enable the real time identification of goods on production lines and in automated warehouses etc.