가로공간의 보행환경 개선을 위한 통합디자인 방안에 관한 연구

우현민 ( Woo Hyunmi ) 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.1

(Background and Purpose) As economic standards improve, people also have a desire to engage in external activities in a more pleasant environment. So far, street-spaces have been designed for the smooth passage of cars, many of the street-spaces within the city are constructed as structure or function for 'car' rather than 'person'. With the recent spread of the concept of public design, We are trying to solve problems that have been planned for vehicle-centeredness in the past. However, most street improvement projects are focused on increasing quantity of facilities like benches, streetlights, and bollards. Reckless space creation and installation of facilities lacking integration, like layout, form, and linkage between facilities, are causing problems like mutual mismatch and overlapping installation. The purpose of this study is to suggest way to transform the current car-centered street-spaces into a people-centered street-space, thereby pedestrians can improve the function of street-spaces as living space where they can move more comfortably and safely and have rest and cultural life. (Method) First, examine the definition and general perception of the extent of street-spaces and redefine the street-spaces. Second, by investigating and analyzing the classification system, spatial structure and installation status of the type of street-spaces in Korea from functional aspect, It suggests the need to introduce integrated design concept as way to solve the problems of street-spaces in Korea due to plan of flat space and facilities. Third, explain the concept and scope of integrated design of street-spaces, and present design guideline, which is means of implementing integrated design, for street-spaces that is closest to people's everyday life. (Results) This study is to solve the functional problems in Korean street-spaces and to improve the functionalities so that street-spaces can perform their functions. It is suggested that this integrated design, which takes an integrated view of the relationship between spaces and users and facilities, should be introduced from the initial stage of street-spaces design. The street-spaces integration design can be an alternative to ensure comfortable walking width for pedestrians, prevent excessive overlapping of facilities, and improve the functionality of the street-spaces. (Conclusions) Most existing street-spaces cannot function as a transit space because even the minimum effective walking distance isn’t secured due to the facilities being constructed and installed recklessly. The street-spaces integration design is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Integration design will have positive result to ensure pleasant walking and spatial environment on the user side and to create a harmonious street-spaces on the urban side. Also, in order for the integrated design to be stably established in Korea, continuous research is needed to prepare way to induce active participation not only in the public sector but also in the private sector.

특화 거리 보행로 디자인 특성에 관한 연구

이서영,김지현 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.1

(연구배경 및 목적) 보행로에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 보행로는 디자인을 통해 보행자를 최우선으로 하며 기능적·심미적 만족감을 높이며 쾌적한 공간은 물론, 주변 환경과 조화를 이루며 도시의 개성적인 이미지를 구축시켜나가고 있다. 2009년 서울시의 “거리르네상스사업”을 계기로 보행로에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 도시재생을 통한 상권 활성화를 목표로 추진되고 있는 지역 특화 거리의 보행로 개선사업들로 지속적으로 보행환경 개선을 위한 노력을 기울이고 있다. 또한 서울시뿐만 아니라 각 지역에서도 보행로 디자인을 활용하여 지역 정체성을 구축시키기 위한 ‘특화 거리’가 활발히 조성되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 취지를 바탕으로 보행로를 2차원적인 평면의 개념이 아닌 3차원적 공간의 개념으로 접근하고자 하며, 특화거리 보행로 디자인의 특성을 고찰하는 데 목적을 갖는다. 나아가 특화 거리 보행로의 전략적인 디자인을 위한 세부요소를 도출하고 특화거리 보행로 디자인 수립 시 조성 배경과 사업 목적에 맞는 특성을 가지고 접근이 가능하도록 한다. (연구방법) 이에 본 연구는 관련 선행연구를 통한 보행로 디자인의 역할과 기능을 도출하였고, 그에 대한 세부요소를 그룹화 하여 특성에 대한 정의를 제시하였다. 또한 이론 고찰을 통해 사례분석 틀을 설정하여 특화 거리 보행로를 대상으로 사례분석을 거쳐 디자인 특성을 고찰하였다. (결과) 그 결과 기능적 특성으로는 인지성, 연결성, 안정성, 심미적 특성으로는 조형성, 차별성, 조화성, 사회적 특성으로는 정책성, 상업성, 문화성, 환경적 특성으로는 친환경성, 재생성, 쾌적성으로 네 가지의 보행로 디자인 특성과 각 특성에 따른 세 가지의 세부요소를 도출하였다. 그 다음으로 특화거리 보행로 디자인의 특성을 도출하기 위한 사례 분석 결과, 보행로 디자인의 각 특성 중 인지성, 차별성, 상업성, 재생성이 특화거리 보행로 디자인에서 높은 특성으로 나타났다. 특히 특화거리 보행로 디자인에서 가장 높은 특성으로 나타난 차별성은 특화거리 보행로 디자인에 중요한 요인으로 작용한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 특화거리 보행로 디자인이 사람들의 보행을 유도할 수 있는 미학적 측면에서의 유희적인 디자인 요소를 제공하며 지역 정체성을 구축시킬 수 있는 하나의 문화라고 해석할 수 있다. (결론) 이러한 시도는 관광객이나 지역 주민들에게 다양한 체험의 제공과 지역의 상징적인 표현을 통해 결과적으로 낙후된 지역의 도시 재생과 주변 상권 활성화에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것이라 기대한다. 또한 특화 거리 조성 시 추구하는 사업 목표에 맞게 연구 결과의 보행로 디자인 특성을 기반으로 전략적인 계획을 수립할 수 있는 가이드라인으로 제시될 수 있으며, 특화 거리 보행로 설치 시 디자인 계획의 기초 자료가 될 수 있다는 데 의의가 있다. (Background and Purpose) As interest is more taken in pedestrian paths, the priority is placed on pedestrians through design. Pedestrian paths work to increase functional and aesthetic satisfaction, provide pleasant spaces, strike harmony with the surrounding environments, and build the characteristic images of the city. Since the "Street Renaissance Project" began in Seoul and stimulated people's interest in pedestrian paths in 2009, constant efforts have been made to improve the pedestrian environment through pedestrian path improvement projects along specialized local streets designed to vitalize business districts through urban regeneration. Each local government as well as the Seoul municipal government is active to create a "specialized street" for local identity based on pedestrian path designs. Reflecting this intent, this study set out to approach pedestrian paths as a concept of three-dimensional space and investigate the design characteristics of pedestrian paths along specialized streets. It also aimed to identify detailed elements for the strategic design of pedestrian paths along specialized streets and enable an approach to their design based on their characteristics according to their backgrounds and purposes. (Method) The study identified the roles and functions of pedestrian path design based on previous studies, divided their detailed elements into groups, and defined their characteristics. A framework was built through theoretical consideration for case analysis and used to analyze cases of pedestrian paths along specialized streets and examine their design characteristics. (Results) As a result, four groups of design characteristics of pedestrian paths were identified. Functional characteristics included recognition, connectivity, and stability; aesthetic ones did formativity, differentiation, and harmony; social ones did policy nature, commercial viability, and cultural character; and environmental ones did environment-friendliness, regeneration, and pleasantness. The study then analyzed cases to identified the design characteristics of pedestrian paths along specialized streets and found that recognition, differentiation, commercial viability, and regeneration recorded a high level in the designs of pedestrian paths along specialized streets. Differentiation, which recorded the highest level in their design, worked as an important factor in their design, as well. These findings indicate that the designs of pedestrian paths along specialized streets provide playful design elements in the aesthetic aspect to promote people's walking and form a culture to establish local identity. (Conclusions) Such attempts will provide tourists and local residents with various experiences and facilitate the symbolic expressions of the areas, thus having positive impacts on the urban regeneration of the deteriorated areas and the vitalization of business districts in the surroundings. The findings of the study will propose a set of guidelines to make a strategic plan based on the design characteristics of pedestrian paths according to the goals of specialized street projects and provide basic data for the design planning of pedestrian paths along specialized streets.

Design Development of Street Furniture for Improvement of Urban Environment - Focusing on "Y" District, a part of the Seoul Design Street Project -

Kim, Kook-Sun Korea Furniture Society 2009 한국가구학회지 Vol.20 No.6

Under 'The Design Street' Project, one of the urban environment improvement projects of Seoul, the facilities on the street have been greatly varied in terms of design. In addition, the municipal authority has pushed each district to develop its own identity based on the integrated design of the city. This study was aimed to propose a design which could solve the current problem in street furniture in terms of environmental improvement through an analysis on current street conditions in "Y" District as a part of Seoul Design Street Project. It has attempted to propose 11 street furnitures based on the basic strategy of 'Soft City' which has been promoted by Seoul City in accordance with the Seoul Public Facility Guidelines as 1. Airy Design, 2. Integrated Design, 3. Collaborative Design and 4. Sustainable Design. Among them, for the total design in Seoul six facilities - kiosk, manhole, traffic signal controller, public phone, road sign and waste receptacle were proposed by Seoul City have been accepted. For local differentiation, on the contrary, five items - planter bench, bollard, lifter, bike rack and fence have been newly designed and proposed. Furthermore, it is essential to carry out systematic supervision and continuous management on the detail design and construction of current regional design development projects.

안전한 가로환경조성을 위한 공간계획에 관한 연구-태안읍 골목길을 중심으로-

안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ),김지현 ( Jihyun Kim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.5

(Background and Purpose)Pathways have been formed within the population``s various lives and culture, and retain functional, social, and cultural values. However, safety has become an issue in an aging environment. Many measures are being implemented to prevent crimes with the recent social interest in creating safe environments, and especially through CPTED, or crime prevention through environmental design. Local government groups are systematically applying crime prevention designs, but many problems exist with their long-term maintenance and consistent design application. This study aimed to contemplate the role and principle of designs for safe street environments, and to propose corresponding design strategies and application methods. (Method)The role, characteristics, and design elements of street environments were contemplated through literature research. Further, actual street environments were analyzed, and strategic characteristics for crime prevention in street environment designs were deduced based on the concept and principle of crime prevention design. An alleyway in Tae``an-eup was selected based on these results, and space planning was proposed for a safe street environment by studying the current situation, establishing plans, and implementing the strategy and operating and maintenance processes. (Results)A space plan for a safe street environment was proposed to create a new female-friendly street environment image by reflecting the selected street``s characteristics. The space was divided into walking, community, entry transition, and crime-vulnerable spaces. Specifically, regarding walking space, idle space was improved by converting this to resting space, and ruined walls were used to improve the region``s image by reflecting an image of a female-friendly alley. A community space environment was proposed, in which activities were increased by utilizing the idle space adjacent to existing cultural facilities. Regarding the entry transition space, the territoriality of the village``s entry was reinforced through design to convey that the residents managed this area. Finally, a crime-vulnerable space was fortified to ensure safety at night. (Conclusions)Crime prevention designs in street environments provide an equal opportunity to enjoy pleasant, safe, and functional street environments; increase opportunity for social exchanges among the residents through public spaces; and enhance the cultural sense of community. A safe street environment, in other words, ensures an unrestricted traverse and strengthens natural surveillance through space utilization by exchange. Moreover, a street environment is formed by the sense of community through design elements that reflect the region``s identity.

신촌 박스퀘어의 사회적 가치와 디자인 특성에 관한 연구

류창수 ( Changsu Ryu ),문서현 ( Suhhyun Moon ),예동진 ( Dongjin Ye ) 한국공간디자인학회 2019 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.4

(Background and Purpose) As the first attempt of its kind in Korea, an initiative for win-win cooperation with street vendors was implemented in the Sinchon area of Seodaemun-gu, Seoul―the ”Sinchon BOXQUARE.” This represented a shift away from the focus on enforcement in conventional street maintenance, and established a plan for social investment that would stimulate income-led growth among street vendors through autonomous maintenance while bringing about local revitalization. By doing so, this initiative has aimed to present BOXQUARE as an exemplary model of public design that has presented a new direction―both domestically and internationally―for future street maintenance initiatives based on government-civilian cooperation and regional win-win cooperation, thereby contributing to the future development of a win-win society. (Method) We examining the active administrative efforts that went into persuading street vendors prior to the implementation of the project. Furthermore, through an examination of the architectural plans and design characteristics for the implementation of this project by category, we highlighted its significance in terms of public design. (Results) The outcomes of this project were as follows. First, the characteristic of the Sinchon BOXQUARE project in terms of architectural planning is that it was a shift in the direction of maintaining walking environments in the streets, from a policy of enforcement to win-win cooperation. While it concentrated unauthorized vendors within a designated location, the project also planned open arrangements that reflected the relationship between the streets and the vendors, and set up spatial modules through a comprehensive analysis of the types and business patterns of street vendors, after which specific design prototypes were presented for each business type. Second, as the end result of an active publicly led design project, it may be regarded as an exemplary case of a local government’s direct implantation of design management―from the early drafts of brand strategy to the setup of the design guidelines needed for planning and operation. (Conclusions) As the first project based on the concept of win-win cooperation with street vendors, Sinchon BOXQUARE was a new model of street maintenance policy that attracted nationwide attention, a project that aimed to improve Sinchon’s local economy and environment. However, because it is the nature of street shops to spontaneously spread along streets, there is a concern that more street vendors will start up en masse―in what would be another vicious cycle―after the conclusion of the project, if strict institutional regulations for street maintenance are not introduced in the future. Therefore, for the expansion of this project in the long term, establishment of an institutional system that prioritizes walking within inner-city street environments will be necessary.

유니버설디자인 관점에서의 디자인서울거리 평가 연구

민병아(Min Byoung-A),이연숙(Lee Yeun-Sook),이수진(Lee Soo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2010 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.26 No.12

Recently, public design has become one of the big issues in Korea. Seoul city also has many public design policies to improve the city image and to raise competitiveness through design. 'Design Seoul Street' is one of the projects. This study aims to evaluate 'Design Seoul Street' based on Universal Design. The Street environment elements was categorized by street, resting facilities, sanitary facilities, service facilities, passage facilities, protection facilities, traffic facilities, green facilities, lighting facilities, management facilities and traffic sign. The 25 street environment items of 4 streets which were completed recently were evaluated by checklists. The checklists which are based on 'Universal Design principles' are consist of 307 items. The major findings are summarized as follows: 1) Overall result of evaluation of 'Design Seoul Street' based on Universal Design was measured 4.16 point on a 5-point scale. 2) The results of evaluation based on Universal Design for each facility are as follows: Manhole, Road sign, Aboveground Elevator, Pavement and Switchboard was high grade, Traffic sign, Public phone booth, Information board was low grade.3) Resting facilities such as bench, shelter are needed more to reduce physical effort and green facilities are needed more in the K street case. Also all information board should have braille and proper height for diverse users. The results will be expected to make contributions to developing universal design checklists for street environment, to understanding the nature of universal design paradigm, and to establishing directions for sustainable public design for the users.

Design Development of Street Furniture for Improvement of Urban Environment - Focusing on 'Y' District, a part of the Seoul Design Street Project

김국선 한국가구학회 2009 한국가구학회지 Vol.20 No.6

Under ‘The Design Street’ Project, one of the urban environment improvement projects of Seoul, the facilities on the street have been greatly varied in terms of design. In addition, the municipal authority has pushed each district to develop its own identity based on the integrated design of the city. This study was aimed to propose a design which could solve the current problem in street furniture in terms of environmental improvement through an analysis on current street conditions in "Y" District as a part of Seoul Design Street Project. It has attempted to propose 11 street furnitures based on the basic strategy of 'Soft City' which has been promoted by Seoul City in accordance with the Seoul Public Facility Guidelines as 1. Airy Design, 2. Integrated Design, 3. Collaborative Design and 4. Sustainable Design. Among them, for the total design in Seoul six facilities - kiosk, manhole, traffic signal controller, public phone, road sign and waste receptacle were proposed by Seoul City have been accepted. For local differentiation, on the contrary, five items - planter bench, bollard, lifter, bike rack and fence have been newly designed and proposed. Furthermore, it is essential to carry out systematic supervision and continuous management on the detail design and construction of current regional design development projects.

현대 공공공간의 스트리트 퍼니처 디자인 특성에 관한 연구

황미영(Hwang, Mee-Young) 한국실내디자인학회 2011 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.20 No.4

Street furniture such as benches, streetlamps, and shades which are easily accessible in cities has contributed to the promotion of active, lively environment for people living in cities. Furthermore, they make the characteristics of specific regions and cities, and are valued as a communication interface to restore the relationships between people and cities. The street furniture design with inherent publicness is an essential element for leisurely life and refined image of modern people who have experienced severance and mental poverty in uniform, vertical modern city space with the development of advanced science and technology. The purpose of this study is to analyze the new design approaches to street furniture which plays an important role in the determination of the images of modern city environment and to examine the characteristics and trends of such designs. First, in accordance with the flow of studies from publicness and public space to street furniture, the concept and meaning of publicness which is the basic element of public space were identified through theoretical examination, and the characteristics and roles of modern public space were analyzed through literature review, data review, and international cases. Based on the results of this theoretical analysis, the concept and meaning elements, function elements, and design elements of the street furniture which was planned in accordance with the goal and functions of public space were identified. For the meaning elements of street furniture design, fun, health, Culture, sustainability, and vitalization were identified. For the function elements of street furniture design, convenience, safety, and delivery were identified. As the characteristics of modern street furniture design, convergent, green, digilog, functional, and universal designs were analyzed. This study is meaningful in that it recognized the roles of street furniture in modern public space as a concrete, practical environmental design element and estimated the development directions of street furniture design in public space.

A Study on the Development of Design Modular Bench Suitable for Multilateral Street Environments

문서현,예동진 한국공간디자인학회 2019 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.5

(Background and Purpose) Regarding the broad-range installation and improvement of the public benches located in the jurisdiction of Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, we sought measures to install reasonable and practical design benches by taking steps forward from following monotonous design traditions, based on the understanding of multilateral environment of bus stops located on main roads and side streets. Therefore, we supervised ‘the development of design modular benches appropriate for multilateral street environment’ in order to expand installation of benches, thereby improving residents’ convenience and urban aesthetic appeal. (Method) The development direction of design modular bench was set as follows. First, as benches are public facilities with which users mostly come in contact, validity from an ergonomics perspective, structural stability, and convenience of maintenance were all considered at the same time. Second, through modularization of design core, consistency in design of benches located at bus stops from side streets to the roadside is secured in order to improve the aesthetic appeal of urban street environment, particularly with respect to the installation of benches being delayed due to topographical reasons. Third, by securing open possibilities of long-term design applications, we suggested a basic modular bench type that can adopt color expression suitable for a specific region or unrestricted application of modular patterns when being installed at other regions. (Results) As this design result, a modular design appropriate for installing and applying in multilateral street environments including main roads, and possibly side streets in the future, was developed in which the corners that come in contact with human body are rounded for safety, and the bench height was designed to be 40 – 41 cm for versatility. Furthermore, the side of benches was designed in a diagonal shape with its width decreasing downward to reduce the dullness of the design, and the same diagonal pattern was applied to the seating surface for consistency. From the front perspective, thin steel plates were used for left and right frames to create a simple and open impression around the legs. Dark gray was used as a dominant color and neutral color was applied to the seating surface to minimize visual stimulation and blend in with the surrounding environment. High-density wood panels were used for durability and maintenance convenience to maintain the quality over the long term without cracks or discoloration. (Conclusions) The design of modular bench for multilateral street environment has been registered at the Korean Intellectual Property Office. Since the installation of public benches are the responsibility of government offices, registering the procurement of mass-produced products on Korea ON-Line E-Procurement System should be promoted in order for the modular benches developed in this study to be installed and applied in other autonomous districts.

유니버설디자인 관점에서 도시근린 보행환경 정비 및 관리 실태 연구 -서울 노원구 거리 환경을 중심으로-

윤윤정 한국장애인개발원 2020 장애인복지연구 Vol.11 No.2

The study aims to analyze the design evaluation focusing on the pedestrian environment in the local neighborhood from the perspective of universal design. The neighborhood living area of ​​the city is the main residential environment of local residents and the main settlement environment of urban residents and is the primary street environment experienced by residents and pedestrians. This study identified the types of streets that can appear in the neighborhood living area, centering on Nowon-gu, and grasped the actual state of operation and management from the perspective of universal design for each street type. As for the research method, the street environment tangible and public design facilities were measured through field surveys. As a result of the analysis, the street environment of Nowon-gu could be classified into a total of three types: central commercial street, neighborhood commercial street. In common, the basic and essential safety and accessibility of the universal design, and clear pathway is not secured, and the inconsistent arrangement of bicycle paths in the sidewalks caused collisions with the pedestrians. As a result, it was confirmed that even though legal systems such as the universal design ordinance were established, the professional and technical proficiency was very weak, which could not be realized concretely in the actual street environment. This study is of great significance in proposing the direction of street environment improvement of local governments in the Seoul autonomous region. By checking the current status of universal design management by street type in other autonomous districts together with this example of Nowon-gu, it can be used as basic empirical data to prepare a street environment maintenance guide for universal design. 본 연구의 목적은 유니버설디자인 도시 조성 관점에서 지역근린 생활권 보행 환경을 중심으로 디자인 평가를 분석하는 데 있다. 도시의 근린생활권은 지역 거주민의 주요하면서 도시민의 주요한 정주환경으로 거주민과 보행자들이 경험하는 1차적 거리환경이다. 본 연구는 노원구를 중심으로 근린생활권에서 나타날 수 있는 거리 유형을 파악하고, 거리 유형별 유니버설디자인 관점의 운영관리 실태를 파악하였다. 연구방법은 현장조사를 통한 거리환경 유형화와 공공디자인 시설을 실측하였다. 분석결과 노원구의 거리 환경은 총 세 개 유형(중심상업가로, 근린상업가로, 생활가로)으로 구분될 수 있었다. 공통적으로는 유니버설 디자인의 기본적이면서 핵심적인 안전과 접근성, 통행로가 확보되지 않았으며, 보도 내 자전거 도로의 일관성 없는 배치는 보행약자와의 충돌을 발생하게 하였다. 결과적으로 유니버설 디자인 조례 등 법제도 수립이 되었음에도 실제 거리환경에서는 이를 구체적으로 실현하지 못하는 전문적이면서 기술적인 숙련도가 매우 취약함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 서울 자치구 권역에서의 지자체의 거리환경 정비 방향을 구체적으로 제안한 데 연구 의의가 크다. 본 노원구 사례와 함께 타 자치구 거리유형별 유니버설디자인 관리 실태를 점검함으로써 유니버설 디자인을 지향하는 거리환경 정비 가이드를 마련하는 기초 실증 데이터로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.