단속교통류의 사고 잦은 구간 길이 선정방안 및 개선대안 우선순위 설정방안 연구 - Sliding Window 기법을 활용하여

이상조 ( Lee Sang-jo ),이진걸 ( Lee Jin-geol ) 한국도로교통공단 2012 교통안전연구 Vol.31 No.-

본 연구에서는 설계속도에 따른 도로 기하구조와 특성이 다르고, 도로의 성격에 따라 사고의 원인과 사고 분포가 다르게 나타나고 있으므로 사고 잦은 지점을 포함하는 단속류 구간의 도로 및 차량특성을 반영한 Sliding window 길이를 새롭게 제시하여 기존의 일괄적인 기준으로 적용되고 있는 Sliding window length에 대해서 문제를 제기하고 단속류 구간의 분석구간 배치방법에 대한 기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 새로운 Sliding window length를 제시하였다. 기존 문헌 및 블랙박스자료를 이용한 실제 차량의 속도분석을 통해서 새로운 Sliding window length를 도출하였으며 이를 바탕으로 사고 잦은 구간을 선정한다면 도로 및 차량 특성을 반영한 구간 설정이 기존의 방식에 비해서 가능해 질 것으로 생각된다. 또한 사고 잦은 구간을 선정하는 Sliding window기법과 대물피해환산법인 EPDO를 활용하여 다양한 사고유형에 대한 심각도를 구하고 이에 따라 사고의 우선순위를 정하여 그 사고유형에 맞는 개선대안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 개선방안의 우선순위 설정에 대한 방법을 제안하고 있다는 점과 『교통사고 잦은 곳 기본개선계획 및 효과분석』의 기본개선방안의 내용에 부합하는 개선방안을 제시하는 부분에서는 의미를 갖는다고 할 수 있을 것이다.

Adaptive Sliding-Window Strategy for Vehicle Detection in Highway Environments

SeungJong Noh,Daeyoung Shim,Moongu Jeon IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation sy Vol.17 No.2

<P>In highway traffic monitoring systems, vehicle detection is one of the most important tasks. To automatically detect vehicles in general CCTV environments, we should effectively handle the problems caused by the following three issues: severe variation in appearance, ambiguities in location, and ambiguities in size. Over the last decade, these issues have been mainly addressed by employing a sliding-window-based image search. Although it is quite effective in many applications, the manual procedure of initializing necessary size models and high computational costs impede the automation of monitoring systems. To remedy these drawbacks, we propose an adaptive sliding-window strategy, where useful size templates are continuously modeled for a given scene, and the detection is performed by adaptively deforming a sliding window based on the obtained templates. This strategy allows us not only to avoid complex user interferences but also to reduce computational costs for vehicle detection. Experiments on real-world highway environments show that the proposed strategy achieved about 23% improved detection accuracy with 43% reduced processing time over the state-of-the-art sliding-window approach without any user assistance.</P>

슬라이딩 윈도우 페인을 이용한 데이터 스트림 클러스터링

박남훈(Namhun Park) 한국정보기술학회 2022 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.1

In a real-time data stream environment, clustering analysis does not efficiently reflect analysis results based on recent data due to the influence of past information. In clustering analysis, there are cases in which results that reflect insignificant past information are found. In such an environment, there is a sliding window technique as a method for classifying and processing past information. In this paper, we propose a data stream clustering analysis method in a sliding window. Conventional methods store all data objects and delete each data stream when the window range has passed, so it was necessary to process data twice or more. We propose sliding window panes with statistical information of each part within a window. By updating the sliding window based on the distribution information in the pane without processing each data object, the efficiency of data processing can be improved. Through the experiment, it was confirmed that our method improved the performance by up to 50% in a specific section compared to the existing method.

Tilt & Sliding 시스템창호의 단열성능 실측과 시뮬레이션 비교 분석

장철용(Jang Cheol-Yong),안병립(Ahn Byung-Lip),김치훈(Kim Chi-Hoon),홍원화(Hong Won-Hwa) 한국태양에너지학회 2009 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11월

The parts of building which has the most influence on thermal load are skins, outer walls and windows. Among them, window is the worst weak point of building even if it has many advantage of solar radiation gain than other parts. The present time, many researches on various performance of window and many types of system-window are being made. This study evaluates thermal performance of tilt & sliding system window by simulation program Therm 5.2 and Window 5.2. After making a sample model improving it's thermal weak point, this study evaluates real thermal performace of system window. As a result, this study understands manufacture ability condition of domestic company and proposes a research plan of system window.

공동주택에서 슬라이딩 창호 종류에 따른 기밀성능 및 열성능 비교 평가

남보라(Nam Bo-Ra),최윤정(Choe Yun-Joeng),신현국(Shin Hyun-Kook),조재훈(Jo Jae-Hun) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2010 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

Heating loss though the window area takes a high percentage about 15∼40% in whole building energy load. Sliding window which have used at residential buildings was more difficult to achieve the tightness than other type window; swing, project, tilt&turn, and system ones. The airtightness improvement of the sliding window will be a great help in increasing the indoor thermal performances. Few detailed study on the performance differents results of sliding window between lab test and field test has been presented. In this paper we choose two kinds of sliding window, the standard one and the developed one, which are installed in general, and discuss the performance of the airtightness and the cold draft using blower door system. Finally, the leakage spots were investigated to understand the thermal weakness points of the sliding window.

공동주택에서 슬라이딩 창호 종류에 따른 기밀성능 및 열성능 비교평가 실험

신현국(Shin Hyun-Kook),남보라(Nam Bo-Ra),최윤정(Choe Yun-Joeng),조재훈(Jo Jae-Hun) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2010 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.4 No.4

Heating loss through the window area takes a high percentage about 15~40% in whole building energy load. Sliding window which have used at residential buildings was more difficult to achieve the tightness than other type window such as swing, project, aand tilt&turn ones. The airtightness improvement of the sliding window will be a great help in increasing the indoor thermal performances. Few detailed study on the performance difference results of sliding window between lab test and field test has been presented. In this paper we choose two kinds of sliding window, the standard one and the developed one, which are installed in general, and discuss the airtightness performance and the cold draft using blower door system. Finally, the leakage spots were investigated to understand the thermal weakness points of the sliding windows.

복호길이 6인 Sliding-Window를 적용한 순방향 실시간 복호기 구현

박지웅,Park Ji woong 한국통신학회 2005 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.30 No.4c

IS-95와 IMT-2000 시스템에서 사용되고 있는 여러 종류의 길쌈 부호기를 부호율 1/2, 구속장 3인 길쌈 부호기로 한정하여, 비터비 복호기에 복호길이 6인 Sliding-Window와 Neural Network의 LVQ(Learning Vector Quantization)및 PVSL(Prototype Vectors Selecting Logic)을 적용하여 순방향 실시간 복호기를 구현한다. 이론적으로 제한된 AWGN 채널환경에서의 심볼 전송전력 $S/(N_{0}/2)=1$을 성능비교 조건으로 하여 순방향 실시간 복호기와 기존의 비터비 복호기의 $강\cdot연판정$ BER 성능과 하드웨어 구성을 $비교\cdot분석$하여, 본 논문에서 제시된 순방향 실시간 복호기의 BER 성능의 우수성과 비화통신의 장점 및 하드웨어 구성의 단순합을 검증하였다. In IS-95 and IMT-2000 systems using variable code rates and constraint lengths, this paper limits code rate 1/2 and constraint length 3 and realizes forward real-time decoder using Sliding-Window with decoding length 6 and PVSL(Prototype Vector Selecting Logic), LVQ(Learning Vector Quantization) in Neural Network. In comparison condition to theoretically constrained AWGN channel environment at $S/(N_{0}/2)=1$ I verified the superiority of forward real-time decoder through hard-decision and soft-decision comparison between Viterbi decoder and forward real-time decoder such as BER and Secure Communication and H/W Structure.

Sliding window based weighted erasable stream pattern mining for stream data applications

Yun, U.,Lee, G. North-Holland 2016 Future generations computer systems Vol.59 No.-

<P>As one of the variations in frequent pattern mining, erasable pattern mining discovers patterns with benefits lower than or equal to a user-specified threshold from a product database. Although traditional erasable pattern mining algorithms can perform their own mining operations on static mining environments, they are not suitable for dealing with dynamic data stream environments. In such dynamic data streams, algorithms have to process them immediately with only one database scan in order to consider characteristics of data stream mining. However, previous tree-based erasable pattern mining methods have difficulty in processing dynamic data streams because they need two or more database scans to construct their own tree structures. In addition, they do not also consider specific information of each item within a product database, but they need to conduct mining operations considering such additional information of the items in order to find more useful erasable pattern results. For this reason, in this paper, we propose a weighted erasable pattern mining algorithm suitable for sliding window-based data stream environments. The algorithm employs tree and list data structures for more efficient mining processes and solves the problems of previous erasable pattern mining approaches by using a sliding window-based stream processing technique and an item weight-based pattern pruning method. We compare performance of the proposed algorithm to state-of-the-art tree-based approaches with respect to various real and synthetic datasets. Experimental results show that our method is more efficient and scalable than the competitors in terms of runtime, memory, and pattern generation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

비순서화된 스트림 처리를 위한 슬라이딩 윈도우 기법

김현규(Hyeon Gyu Kim),김철기(Cheolgi Kim),김명호(Myoung Ho Kim) 한국정보과학회 2006 정보과학회논문지 : 데이타베이스 Vol.33 No.6

비순서화된 스트림은 슬라이딩 윈도우의 생성에 있어서 두 가지 문제점을 야기한다. 첫째는 스트림을 효율적으로 정렬하는 문제이며, 둘째는 정렬된 스트림으로부터 윈도우를 언제 생성할지 결정하는 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 윈도우 오퍼레이터의 구조와 방법에 대해 제안한다. 먼저 입력 튜플을 효율적으로 정렬하고 저장하기 위해 인덱스를 이용한 오퍼레이터의 구조를 소개한다. 그리고 윈도우의 생성 시점을 결정하기 위한 평균-기반 추정 방식을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 추정에 필요한 매개변수를 질의문에서 정의할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 사용자가 어플리케이션의 요구사항에 따라 정확성이나 응답 시간과 같은 질의 결과의 특성을 조절할 수 있도록 지원한다. 본 논문의 실험 결과는 제안한 평균-기반 방식이 기존의 연구에서 이용한 방식보다 적응성과 안정성이 우수하다는 것을 보인다. Disordered streams cause two issues in processing sliding windows: i) how to place input tuples into a buffer in an increasing order efficiently and ii) how to determine a time point to process the windows from input tuples in the buffer. To address these issues, we propose a structure and method of operators for processing sliding windows. We first present a structure of the operators using an index to handle input tuples efficiently. Then, we propose a method to determine the time point to process the windows, which is called a mean-based estimation. In the proposed method, users can describe parameters required for estimation in a query specification, which provides a way for users to control the properties of query results such as the accuracy or the response time according to application requirements. Our experimental results show that the mean-based estimation provides better adaptivity and stability than the one used in the existing method.

Cognitive Radio 시스템에서 불확실한 잡음 전력을 고려한 슬라이딩 윈도우 기반 에너지 검출 기법

김영민,손성환,김재명 한국통신학회 2008 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.33 No.11

Cognitive radio is one of the most effective techniques to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency. To implement the cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is considered as the key functionality because only counting on it, can the secondary users identify the spectrum holes and utilize them efficiently without causing interference to primary users. Generally, there are several spectrum sensing methods; the most common and simplest method is energy detection. However, the conventional energy detection has some disadvantages, which are caused by noise, especially, uncertain noise power leads to degradation of energy detector. In this paper, to solve this problem, we proposed sliding window-based energy detection method which can devide the frequency band of primary signal and noise using sliding window to estimate the power of primary user without the noise effect and achieve the better performance. It can calculate the energy of primary user only and can detect the primary signal. The simulation result shows that our proposed method outperforms conventional one. Cognitive Radio(CR)는 실제로 사용하지 않는 주파수 대역을 스스로 찾아서 이용함으로써 스펙트럼 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 기술이다. 현재 사용되지 않는 스펙트럼 대역과 우선사용자(primary user)에 의해 점유되는 대역들을 찾기 위한 스펙트럼 센싱(spectrum sensing)은 CR 시스템에서 중요한 기술의 하나라고 말할 수 있다. 지금까지 연구된 스펙트럼 센싱 방법 중 에너지 검출 방식은 계산의 복잡도가 낮고 비교적 쉽게 구현 할 수 있어서 일반적으로 널리 사용되는 방식이지만 몇 가지 문제점들을 가지고 있다. 특히 불확실한 잡음 전력이 존재하는 환경에서는 에너지 검출기의 성능이 감쇠되기 때문에 이를 해결하기 위해 슬라이딩 윈도우 기반 에너지 검출 기법을 제안하였다. 이 방식은 슬라이딩 윈도우를 이용하여 관심대역에서 신호와 잡음이 가진 에너지를 분리하고 잡음을 제외한 신호의 에너지를 계산해서 우선사용자 신호의 존재 여부를 판단한다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 제안하는 에너지 검출 기법이 기존의 에너지 검출 방식 보다 우수한 성능을 지닌 다는 것을 확인 하였다.