Disease Free Survival among Molecular Subtypes of Early Stage Breast Cancer between 2001 and 2010 in Iran

Najafi, Behrouz,Anvari, Saeid,Roshan, Zahra Atrkar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Molecular subtypes are important in determining prognosis. This study evaluated five-year disease-free survival among four molecular subtypes in patients with early stages of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective descriptive-analytical study, information on patients with breast cancer between 2001-2010 was evaluated. Five hundred ninety two patients in the early stages of breast cancer (stages 1 and 2) were selected to undergo anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Relapse, death or absence (censor) were considered as the end of the study. Patients based on ER, PR and HER-2 expression were divided into four subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER-2 enriched and triple negative). Information based upon questionnaire was analysed. To show the patients survival rate, life table and Kaplan-Meyer methods were used, and for comparing mean survival among different groups, the Log-Rank test was utilized. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was $47.9{\pm}9.6$. Out of the 592 patients, 586 were female (99%) and 6 were male (1%). Considering breast cancer molecular subtypes, 361 patients were in the luminal A group (61%), 49 patients in the luminal B group (8.3%), 48 patients in the HER-2 enriched group (8.1%) and 134 in the triple negative group (22.6%). Mean disease-free survival was 53.7 months overall, 55.4 months for the luminal A group, 48.3 months for the luminal B group, 43 months for the HER-2enriched group and 54.6 months for the triple negatives. Disease free survival differed significantly among the molecular subtypes (p value=0.0001). Conclusions: The best disease-free survival rate was among the luminal A subgroup and the worst disease-free survival rate was among the HER-2 enriched subgroup. Disease free survival rate in the HER-2 positive groups (luminal B and HER-2 enriched) was worse than the HER-2 negative groups (luminal A and triple negative).

Comparing Role of Two Chemotherapy Regimens, CMF and Anthracycline-Based, on Breast Cancer Survival in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Asia by Multivariate Mixed Effects Models: a Meta-Analysis

Ghanbari, Saeed,Ayatollahi, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi,Zare, Najaf Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Purpose: To assess the role of two adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, anthracycline-based and CMF on disease free survival and overall survival breast cancer patients by meta-analysis approach in Eastern Mediterranean and Asian countries to determine which is more effective and evaluate the appropriateness and efficiency of two different proposed statistical models. Materials and Methods: Survival curves were digitized and the survival proportions and times were extracted and modeled to appropriate covariates by two multivariate mixed effects models. Studies which reported disease free survival and overall survival curves for anthracycline-based or CMF as adjuvant chemotherapy that were published in English in the Eastern Mediterranean region and Asia were included in this systematic review. The two transformations of survival probabilities (Ln (-Ln(S)) and Ln(S/ (1-S))) as dependent variables were modeled by a multivariate mixed model to same covariates in order to have precise estimations with high power and appropriate interpretation of covariate effects. The analysis was carried out with SAS Proc MIXED and STATA software. Results: A total of 32 studies from the published literature were analysed, covering 4,092 patients who received anthracycline-based and 2,501 treated with CMF for the disease free survival and in order to analyze the overall survival, 13 studies reported the overall survival curves in which 2,050 cases were treated with anthracycline-based and 1,282 with CMF regimens. Conclusions: The findings illustrated that the model with dependent variable Ln (-Ln(S)) had more precise estimations of the covariate effects and showed significant difference between the effects of two adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Anthracycline-based treatment gave better disease free survival and overall survival. As an IPD meta-analysis in the Italy the results of Angelo et al in 2011 also confirmed that anthracycline-based regimens were more effective for survival of breast cancer patients. The findings of Zare et al 2012 on disease free survival curves in Asia also provided similar evidence.

Progression-Free Survival: An Important Prognostic Marker for Long-Term Survival of Small Cell Lung Cancer

( Myoung Rin Park ),( Yeon Hee Park ),( Jae Woo Choi ),( Dong Il Park ),( Chae Uk Chung ),( Jae Young Moon ),( Hee Sun Park ),( Sung Soo Jung ),( Ju Ock Kim ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Jeong Eun Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.5

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an extremely aggressive tumor with a poor clinical course. Although many efforts have been made to improve patients` survival rates, patients who survive longer than 2 years after chemotherapy are still very rare. We examined the baseline characteristics of patients with long-term survival rates in order to identify the prognostic factors for overall survivals. Methods: A total of 242 patients with cytologically or histologically diagnosed SCLC were enrolled into this study. The patients were categorized into long- and short-term survival groups by using a survival cut-off of 2 years after diagnosis. Cox`s analyses were performed to identify the independent factors. Results: The mean patient age was 65.66 years, and 85.5% were males; among the patients, 61 of them (25.2%) survived longer than 2 years. In the multivariate analyses, CRP (hazard ratio [HR], 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-6.06; p=0.012), TNM staging (HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.59-6.80; p=0.001), and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 11.14; 95% CI, 2.98-41.73; p<0.001) were independent prognostic markers for poor survival rates. Conclusion: In addition to other well-known prognostic factors, this study discovered relationships between the long-term survival rates and serum CRP levels, TNM staging, and PFS. In situations with unfavorable conditions, the PFS would be particularly helpful for managing SCLC patients.

Conditional disease-free survival among patients with breast cancer

Paik, Hyun-June,Lee, Se Kyung,Ryu, Jai Min,Park, Sungmin,Kim, Isaac,Bae, Soo Youn,Yu, Jonghan,Lee, Jeong Eon,Kim, Seok Won,Nam, Seok Jin Wolters Kluwer Health 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Conditional disease-free survival (CDFS) reflects changes over time. Because traditional disease-free survival (DFS) is estimated from the date of diagnosis, it is limited in the ability to predict risk of recurrence in patients who have been disease free. In this study, we determined CDFS of breast cancer patients and estimated the prognostic factors for DFS.</P><P>We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 7587 consecutive patients who underwent curative surgery for breast cancer between January 2004 and December 2013 at Samsung Medical Center. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for DFS, which was computed using the Kaplan–Meier method. CDFS rates were based on cumulative DFS estimates.</P><P>Median follow-up duration was 20.59 months. Three-year DFS was 93.46% at baseline. Three-year CDFS survival estimates for patients who had been disease free for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after treatment were calculated as 92.84%, 92.37%, 93.03%, 89.41%, and 79.64%, respectively. Three-year CDFS increased continuously each year after 1 year of DFS in hormone receptor (HR)-negative patients but decreased each year in HR-positive patients.</P><P>In HR-positive patients who are disease free after 3 years, continuous care including surveillance and metastases workup should be considered, although this is not recommended in the current guidelines. On the other hand, the social costs may be reduced in HR-negative patients by extending the surveillance interval. Further studies are needed to identify indicators of DFS prognosis in breast cancer patients.</P>

Impact of Crohn’s Disease on the Survival of Patients with Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma in Korea: A Bicenter Cohort Study

Kim Kyuwon,Choi Kookhwan,Hwang Sung Wook,Im Jong Pil,Ye Byong Duk,Kim Joo Sung,Park Kyu Joo,Yang Suk-Kyun,Koh Seong-Joon,Park Sang Hyoung 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.4

Background/Aims: Owing to the low prevalence of small-bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), data on the impact of Crohn’s disease (CD) on the survival of patients with SBA are lacking. Therefore, we investigated this issue in this study. Methods: In this bicenter cohort study, patients with histologically confirmed SBA were retrospectively enrolled and classified into two groups: sporadic SBA and CD-associated SBA. Patients with duodenal SBA were excluded. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and factors associated with survival were analyzed. Results: Of 128 patients with SBA, 115 had sporadic SBA and 13 had CD-associated SBA. Ileal involvement and poorly differentiated tumors were more common in the CD-associated SBA group than in the sporadic SBA group (ileal involvement, 53.8% vs 22.6%; poor differentiation, 46.2% vs 14.8%; both p<0.05). In survival analysis, overall survival showed no statistical difference between the sporadic SBA and CD-associated SBA groups (p=0.370). However, when stratified by stage, the adjusted overall survival of the CD-associated SBA group was lower in patients with an advanced disease stage (p=0.029). Disease-free survival showed the same tendency, albeit without clinical significance (p=0.097). CD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.308; p=0.047), older age (≥65 yr) at SBA diagnosis (HR, 2.766; p=0.001), and stage III/IV disease (HR, 3.151; p<0.001) were factors associated with mortality. Conclusions: The overall survival of patients with CD-associated SBA did not differ from that of patients with sporadic SBA. However, as CD is an independent risk factor for mortality, vigilant surveillance in high-risk patients may be crucial.

혈액종양 ; 국소 연조직 환자의 예후인자 분석

고성애 ( Sung Ae Koh ),이경희 ( Kyung Hee Lee ),김민경 ( Min Kyoung Kim ),현명수 ( Myung Soo Hyun ),신덕섭 ( Duk Seop Shin ),윤상모 ( Sang Mo Yun ),강민규 ( Min Kyu Kang ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.4

목적: 연부조직 육종이란 지방, 근육, 신경, 섬유성 관절, 혈관이나 피부의 깊은 조직으로부터 생기는 악성종양이다. 예후를 예측할 수 있는 인자에 대한 분석도 많지 않은데, 현재 국소재발과 관련된 예후인자로 나이, 후복막과 두부에 종양이 위치했을 때, 종양의 등급, 특정한 조직분류가 보고되고 있다. 방법: 이 연구는 2000년 1월부터 2006년 12월까지 영남대학병원에 입원하여 국소적인 연부조직 육종을 진단받고 단독수술 혹은 수술 후 병합치료를 시행한 환자를 선정하여 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 나이, 성별, 종양의 위치, 종양의 조직종류, 수술절제 단면의 암세포의 유무, 수술, 항암요법, 방사선 요법 등의 치료 종류 등을 포함한 환자의 특징을 포함시켰다. 전체 생존기간과 무병 생존기간에 연관있는 여러 인자들을 단변량 분석과 다변량 분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 환자들의 일반적인 특징을 보면, 평균나이는 50세 (범위 17~70세)였다. 남녀 비율은 남자 31명, 여자 36명으로 비슷한 비율을 보였으며 처음 진단받고 치료한 환자는 58명 (87%)이었고 국소 재발하여 치료한 환자는 9명(13%)이었다. 조직학적으로 많은 부분을 차지한 육종은 지방육종으로 총20명(30%)이었으며 그 다음으로 평활근 육종으로 9명(13%)을 차지하였다. 종양의 크기가 10 cm 보다 큰 환자의 수는 17명(25%)이었으며 19명(28%)의 환자에서 수술절제 단면 양성소견을 보였다. 조직결과에서 고등급이 43명으로 64%를 차지하였다. 육종이 발생하는 가장 흔한 장소는 하지로 35명 (52%)이었으며 다음으로 차지한 곳이 몸통으로 9명(18%)이었다. 생존 기간 중앙값은 62.7개월(95% CI. 25.7-99.4)이었고, 무병생존기간 중앙값은 36.1개월(95% CI. 17.9-54.2)이었다. 수술만 한 집단에서의 생존 기간 중앙값과 무병생존기간 중앙값은 각각 51.2개월이고 21.1개월이었다. 이번 연구에서 전체 생존률과 관련된 예후인자는 종양의 크기, 활동도였다. 무병 생존기간과 관련된 인자는 종양위치와 절제단면이었는데, 수술 절제 단면 양성일 때, 종양의 위치가 두부, 천부몸통, 심부몸통에 위치하였을 때 무병 생존기간이 의미 있게 짧았다. 그러나 수술 후 치료 방법은 전체 생존기간이나 무병생존기간과 통계적으로 유의성이 없었다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 국소 연부조직 육종에서의 예후인자를 분석하였고, 종양이 클수록, 종양의 위치가 두부나 몸통에 위치할 때, 수술 절제 단면이 양성일 때, 그리고 환자의 일상생활 수행능력이 나쁠 때 예후가 나쁜 것으로 분석되었다. Background/Aims: We evaluated the independent prognostic factors for overall and disease-free survival in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. Methods: Sixty-seven medical records were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients had presented with localized soft tissue sarcoma and had been treated with conservative surgery, followed by additional therapy or surgery. All were treated at the Yeungnam University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2006. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate factors affecting overall and disease-free survival. Results: The median age of the study sample was 50 (range, 15~70) years. Twenty patients (30%) had liposarcoma and nine (13%) had leiomyosarcoma. Seventeen patients (25%) had a tumor measuring greater than 10 cm. Nineteen patients (28%) had positive resection margins. The median overall survival was 62.7 months (95% CI: 25.7~99.4) and the median disease-free survival was 36.1 months (95% CI: 17.9~54.2). Factors that significantly affected the median overall survival were a tumor size greater than 10 cm and performance status. Positive resection margins and tumor site were independent prognostic factors associated with disease- free survival. Other factors, such as histopathology, gender, age, and tumor grade, did not have prognostic value. Additionally, the chosen modality of treatment after surgery was not an independent predictor of the median overall or disease-free survival. Conclusions: Tumor size, positive resection margins, tumor site, and performance status were statistically significant independent predictors of poor prognosis. (Korean J Med 2011;80:419-426)

Tumor Diameter for Prediction of Recurrence, Disease Free and Overall Survival in Endometrial Cancer Cases

Senol, Taylan,Polat, Mesut,Ozkaya, Enis,Karateke, Ates Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Aims: To analyse the predictors of recurrence, disease free survival and overall survival in cases with endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 152 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer were screened using a prospectively collected database including age, smoking history, menopausal status, body mass index, CA125, systemic disorders, tumor histology, tumor grade, lymphovascular space invasion, tumor diameter, cervical involvement, myometrial invasion, adnexal metastases, positive cytology, serosal involvement, other pelvic metastases, type of surgery, fertility sparing approach to assess their ability to predict recurrence, disease free survival and overall survival. Results: In ROC analyses tumor diameter was a significant predictor of recurrence (AUC:0.771, P<0.001). The optimal cut off value was 3.75 with 82% sensitivity and 63% specificity. In correlation analyses tumor grade (r=0.267, p=0.001), tumor diameter (r=0.297, p<0.001) and the serosal involvement (r=0.464, p<0.001) were found to significantly correlate with the recurrence. In Cox regression analyses when some different combinations of variables included in the model which are found to be significantly associated with the presence of recurrence, tumor diameter was found to be a significant confounder for disease free survival (OR=1.2(95 CI,1.016-1.394, P=0.031). On Cox regression for overall survival only serosal involvement was found to be a significant predictor (OR=20.8 (95 % CI 2.4-179.2, P=0.006). In univariate analysis of tumor diameter > 3.75 cm and the recurrence, there was 14 (21.9 %) cases with recurrence in group with high tumor diameter where as only 3 (3.4 %) cases group with smaller tumor size (Odds ratio:7.9 (95 %CI 2.2-28.9, p<0.001). Conclusions: Although most of the significantly correlated variables are part of the FIGO staging, tumor diameter was also found to be predictor for recurrence with higher values than generally accepted.

결장직장암 환자에서 DNA 배수성 및 지수와 림프절 전이상태가 무병 생존율에 미치는 영향

최선근,정주환,배선영,권영식,홍기천,신석환,우제홍 대한대장항문학회 2000 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.16 No.3

Prognostic impact of p16 and p53 gene expressions in stage 1a epithelial ovarian cancer

( Emre Gunakan ),( Yusuf Aytac Tohma ),( Latife Atasoy Karakaş ),( Huseyin Akıllı ),( Asuman Nihan Haberal ),( Ali Ayhan ) 대한산부인과학회 2020 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.63 No.4

Objective Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is rarely detected at stage 1a. Most of the patients have a good prognosis and there are limited factors that affect their survival. In the present study, we evaluated the p16 and p53 gene expressions of stage 1a EOC patients. Prognostic effects of these gene expressions, as well as those of other factors on short term survival were analyzed. Methods Our study included 29 patients. The specimens of the ovary with cancer were stained for p16 and p53. Gene expressions and other prognostic factors were evaluated. Results The median age of the patients was 51 years (27-84). The mean numbers of dissected pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes were 27 and 12, respectively. The mean follow-up time was 33.7±18.9 months. During this period, recurrence occurred in two patients. One of the patients had grade 2 mucinous carcinoma and died of the disease at month 12 after the recurrence occurred at month 7. The second patient had clear cell carcinoma and recurrence occurred at month 34. p16 and p53 gene expressions or other factors were not associated with overall survival (OS) or diseasefree survival in the short term. The lower p16 positivity rate in the non-clear cell group was found to be statistically significant (P=0.003). Both p53 and p16 positivity rates were higher in the high-grade carcinoma. Conclusion The levels of none of the common prognostic factors, including those of p16 and p53 gene expression, were associated with the progression-free survival or OS of stage 1a in the short term. Appropriate surgical staging and non-omission of subclinical metastases seem to be of central importance.

Progression-Free Survival: An Important Prognostic Marker for Long-Term Survival of Small Cell Lung Cancer

Park, Myoung-Rin,Park, Yeon-Hee,Choi, Jae-Woo,Park, Dong-Il,Chung, Chae-Uk,Moon, Jae-Young,Park, Hee-Sun,Jung, Sung-Soo,Kim, Ju-Ock,Kim, Sun-Young,Lee, Jeong-Eun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.5

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an extremely aggressive tumor with a poor clinical course. Although many efforts have been made to improve patients' survival rates, patients who survive longer than 2 years after chemotherapy are still very rare. We examined the baseline characteristics of patients with long-term survival rates in order to identify the prognostic factors for overall survivals. Methods: A total of 242 patients with cytologically or histologically diagnosed SCLC were enrolled into this study. The patients were categorized into long- and short-term survival groups by using a survival cut-off of 2 years after diagnosis. Cox's analyses were performed to identify the independent factors. Results: The mean patient age was 65.66 years, and 85.5% were males; among the patients, 61 of them (25.2%) survived longer than 2 years. In the multivariate analyses, CRP (hazard ratio [HR], 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-6.06; p=0.012), TNM staging (HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.59-6.80; p=0.001), and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 11.14; 95% CI, 2.98-41.73; p<0.001) were independent prognostic markers for poor survival rates. Conclusion: In addition to other well-known prognostic factors, this study discovered relationships between the long-term survival rates and serum CRP levels, TNM staging, and PFS. In situations with unfavorable conditions, the PFS would be particularly helpful for managing SCLC patients.