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일 대학병원 의료종사자들의 혈액매개성 감염질환에 대한 지식, 일반적 주의지침 수행정도 및 장애요인

김명자,김정숙,엄수정 병원간호사회 2003 임상간호연구 Vol.9 No.1
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  RISS
  
  KCI
  
  KISS
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reveal the knowledge, practice of Universal precaution, and their hindrance factors of medical workers in a university hospital about blood-mediated diseases. Method: 309 doctors, nurses, clinical pathologists, and radiologists in G Hospital were given a questionaire from October 7 through 21, 2002. Result: The knowledge of the subjects regarding blood-mediated diseases was in the intermediate level. The degree of the practice of Universal precaution was rather high as 3.73 on the average. High points were seen in such items as 'hand washing', 'dealing of sample', and 'discarding of contaminated matter', while low points were noticed in item 'putting on protective equipment'. The most frequent hindrance factor was 'time lack' followed by 'troublesomeness', 'manpower lack', 'equipment lack', 'inconvenient protectors' and 'knowledge lack'. Time lack was answered in most items, while annoyance was largely answered to the item of 'wearing a protective gown or apron when a patient's blood or body fluids are likely to be contacted'. Conclusion: The health care workers are always exposed to the great spiritual and physical danger of infectious diseases such as AIDS, type B/C hepatitis, and Syphilis. That's why the Universal precaution against disease infection should be carefully practiced, while infection education needs to be continually held. The hospitals also ought to seek the ways of shooting all the hindrance factors in the practice of Universal precaution.
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일부 간호대학생의 혈액매개질환 예방 지침에 대한 지식과 실천 정도

김경미,김민아,정여숙,김남초 한국간호과학회 1999 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.12 No.1
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The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge of universal precautions and its performance in practice. The research was conducted from November 2 to 30, 1998. A total 515 student nurses ; 249 from a baccalaureate nursing college and 266 from second and third year of a 3-year community nursing college were surveyed. The results are as following : 1. The average score for universal precautions knowledge was 270.41$\pm$19.43/300(range 150-300). The results showed that 99.2% of students avoid injury from used needles, 98.6% answered that they always wash their hands if they had contact with the patient's blood and they always dispose of used needles in special collectors (97.7%) for needles. But, 39.2% responsed that they dispose of used needles after recapping them. 2. The average score for universal precautions knowledge of the senior students in the 4-year college was the highest (277.65$\pm$13.99). 3. The average score for the performance of universal precautions knowledge was 53.18 $\pm$5.91(range 14-70). The items : ‘I cautiously avoid injury from the used needles’(4.92$\pm$0.33), ‘I always wash my hands if there has been contact with the patient's blood’(4.91$\pm$0.34), and ‘I always disposed of used needles in the appropriate collector’(4.89$\pm$0.42) showed the highest performance. However ‘I always dispose of used needles after recapping them’(2.19$\pm$1.39) and ‘I always use protection goggles when in danger of contamination’(2.19$\pm$1.20) showed low performance level. 4. The highest average score for universal precautions performance was shown among the second year students in 3-year nursing college (54.19$\pm$6.92) between the groups. It showed that the level of the universal precautions performance was higher for those who had education on university precautions prior to performance of the universal precautions than for those without any prior education. 5. The percentage of students who reported the experience of direct contact with patients' blood and/or body fluids was 42.30%. The experience of direct contact with blood and/or body fluids of the educational group was significantly higher than those were not educated. 6. The most frequent cause of the direct contact was ‘needle pricking and/or skin cut’(63.04%). The most frequent substance with which the students contact was ‘blood’(59.85%). The majority of the sample had answered that the mode of contamination was ‘unknown’(63.54%). The majority of the sample answered that strategies used after contamination included ‘washing with soap’(33.61%). Reviewing the chart of patients or asking other health professionals(28.85%). 7. The number of students who had the experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut was 145(28.16%). The clinical practice places where the incidents occurred were mainly in the internal medicine unit (45.07%) and the surgical unit (31.92%) followed by the intensive care unit and the emergency unit in order. The experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut happened during on intra-muscular injection 47.34% and intravenous injection 21.81%. The causes of the needle stick and/or skin cut were ‘putting the needle cap back on 77(35.81%)’. The number of students who took an appropriate post management blood test and/or vaccination was 27(18.62%). 8. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the knowledge of universal precautions and performance of universal precautions in practice showed a positive correlation.