온실가스 지중저장 적지 탐사 데이터 구축: 지질단면도 데이터를 중심으로

고보균,Park, Sungjae,이사로 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.3

In this study, the most basic data, underground geological structure data, that is, geological cross-section data, were established to select a candidate site for underground storage of greenhouse gases based on AI. As a target area, the Gyeongsang Basin, where a large amount of sedimentary rocks are distributed, was selected as the greenhouse gas can be stored most effectively in sedimentary rocks. To this end, the acquisition and edit step, the refinement step, and the labeling step were carried out in the order of raw data collection, source data and labeling data construction to construct the geological cross-section data. This data can be downloaded through the AI hub site (https://aihub.or.kr/aihubdata/data/view.do?curr Menu=115&topMenu=100&aihubDataSe=realm&dataSetSn=71390) operated by the Korea Institute for Intelligent Information Society Promotion.

해양과학 데이터저장소 JOISS는 FAIR한가?

송태윤,이지윤,김우람,박소예나,노태근 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2022 GEO DATA Vol.4 No.2

As the global open science movement has recently proven its effectiveness in responding to the coronapandemic, research on disciplinary or institutional data repositories and establishing service platforms for theopen and sharing research data are also active in Korea. The purpose of the research data repository is not tomanage data per se but to discover and innovate knowledge and to integrate and reuse subsequent data andknowledge. Therefore, recent repository-related studies emphasize implementing the FAIR principle in thiscollaborative process, from observation to data documentation, data combination, quality control, and datapublication. In particular, high-level data interoperability through the FAIR implementation of the repository is송태윤 · 이지윤 · 김우람 · 박소예나 · 노태근GEO DATA [4.2]: 47–56 (2022) 48essential for ocean observation that requires multidisciplinary collaborative research. In Korea, ocean observatoryorganizations have repositories, including the ocean science data repository, JOISS; however, no studies evaluatethe establishment and operation of data repositories in the FAIR principle. Therefore, this study aims to examinethe construction process and data management status of the JOISS repository and the main functions andservices of the web platform in terms of the data lifecycle and evaluate The FAIR principle of Open Science worksin such an operating system and its limitations. The study provides implications for the improvement direction ofdata management and services of domestic marine repositories, including the JOISS, in an environment where thediversity and volume of data are rapidly increasing along with the evolution of ocean observation

다목적실용위성 광학영상을 활용한 AI 학습용 도로 검출 데이터셋

이훈희,오한 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2022 GEO DATA Vol.4 No.1

인공위성의 광학영상에 보이는 도로의 형태 및 종류 정보는 수치적 지도 제작 및 도로 변화 감시에 유용하다. 다목적실용위성 3호와 3A호에 탑재된 광학 카메라로부터 수집되는 광학영상 데이터를 가공하고 구조화하면 도로 검출 알고리즘의 개발과 이러한 분석 도구를 이용한 도로 정보 산출 작업을 가속화할 수 있다. 특히, 딥러닝(Deep Learning) 학습 기술을 적용할 수 있도록 준비된 AI (Artificial Intelligence)용 학습 데이터셋으로구축되면 컴퓨터 과학 분야의 최신 인공지능 기술을 위성영상 기반 도로 검출 분야에 스핀오프(Spin-off)하여폭넓은 분석을 시도할 수 있다. 한국항공우주연구원은 국내 여러 업체와 함께 위성 광학영상을 이용하여 AI 학습용 도로 영상 데이터셋을 구축하였으며 본 논문에서는 이 데이터셋의 활용 예시와 함께 데이터셋의 종류, 규모 등에 관하여 설명한다. 구축된 데이터는 aihub.or.kr 웹사이트를 통해 이용할 수 있다.

다목적실용위성 5호 GNSS 전파 엄폐 데이터 운영

정옥철,성재동,이명신,정대원 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2022 GEO DATA Vol.4 No.3

The Korea Aerospace Research Institute launched KOMPSAT-5 on August 22, 2013, and has been operating for 10 years. KOMPSAT-5 has SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) for earth observation missions, and collects data necessary for earth atmosphere analysis through GNSS RO (Radio Occultation) receivers. RO data can be used for numerical weather forecast model based on temperature, pressure, and humidity by calculating the vertical distribution of atmospheric information. As a part of the Korea-US science and technology cooperation, KARI has been providing RO data of KOMPSAT-5 to the United States NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) in near-real time since 2018. To this end, KARI receives telemetry data from the satellite about 12 times a day using 3 ground stations from Daejeon, Alaska in the U.S., and Sodankyla in Finland. The pre-processed data is being provided to both the UCAR (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) in the U.S. and the KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute). In this paper, radio occlusion data of KOMPSAT-5 is introduced, and system configuration, operation concepts for providing near-real time data and its application are also presented. 한국항공우주연구원은 2013년 8월 22일 다목적실용위성 5호를 발사하여 10년차 운영을 수행하고 있다. 다목적실용위성 5호는 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)를 이용하여 지구관측 임무를 수행하면서 동시에 GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) 전파 엄폐(Radio Occultation, RO) 수신기를 통해 지구대기 분석에 필요한 데이터를 수집하고 있다. 전파 엄폐 데이터는 대기정보의 연직분포 산출을 통해 온도, 압력, 습도 등을 파악할 수 있어 기상예보를 위한 수치모델에 활용 가능하다. 한국항공우주연구원은 한-미 과학기술 협력의 일환으로 2018년부터 미국 국립해양대기청(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA)에 다목적실용위성 5호의 대기 엄폐 데이터를 준-실시간으로 제공하고 있다. 이를 위해 한국항공우주연구원에서는 대전 지상국, 미국 알래스카(Alaska) 지상국, 핀란드 소단킬라(Sodankyla) 지상국을 이용하여 하루 약 12회 위성으로부터 텔레메트리 데이터를 수신하여 전처리 후 전파 엄폐 데이터를 미국 기상연구대학연합(University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, UCAR)과 한국천문연구원에 동시에 제공하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다목적실용위성 5호의 전파 엄폐 데이터를 소개하고, 준-실시간 자료 제공을 위한 시스템 구성 및 운영개념, 그리고 데이터 활용 사례를 제시하였다.

인공구조물과 어류 데이터 기반 서울 도림천의 종적 연속성 평가

황정호,고명훈,정성민,Yun Jong-Hak (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

The vertical connectivity of the river aquatic ecosystem was evaluated based on fish and artificial structures in Dorim stream, an urban stream in Seoul. As a result of a survey in the downstream area in 100.0 m of a total of 71 artificial structures, 13,728 individuals of fishes belonging to five orders, seven families, and 25 species were investigated, with the dominant species Zacco platypus and the subdominant species Rhynchocypris oxycephalus. As for endemic species, seven species were investigated and in terms of feeding characteristics, omnivorous species were the most common with 17 species (68%). Also an alien species, Poecilia reticulata was found. Fish species tended to decrease as the survey was conducted to upstream. Based on the movement characteristics of the fish species and the features of artificial structure survey results, the longitudinal continuity of each artificial structure was evaluated as 43 continuity, two damaged, 19 discontinuity, and seven absent. In inclined structures, stream velocity was found to be the main factor for discontinuity. In vertical structures, the down depth and head drop appeared to be the main factors for discontinuity. The results of this survey are expected to serve as basic data for the conservation of river aquatic ecosystems in the future.

물색깔 분석을 위한 항공 초분광영상의 올나감 및 옆처짐 보정

김원국,백승일,홍순헌 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

Hyperspectral imagery is typically acquired in push-broom mechanism, which is prone to image artifacts such as striping and smile for the sensor array whose sensor elements are not perfectly calibrated. The best practice would be to calibrate the sensor elements before the flight, but post-correction is required when images are already acquired without calibration. While there are some studies that addressed those striping and smile effects for hyperspectral images acquired from satellite or aircraft platforms, few studies were done for hyperspectral images that are focusing water color analysis, where the radiance level is approximately only a tenth of terrestrial scenes. This study proposes a correction method specialized for water scenes that also may contain terrestrial objects together, and analyzes the results using real drone-borne hyperspectral imagery taken for an island area in Korea. The result revealed that the variation in columnar mean before the de-striping, which ranges 5-15%, reduced to under 2% after the correction, also exhibiting successful removal of striping in visual inspection. The smile effect that ranges approximately 1-2 mW/m2/nm/sr, which accounts for 30% of radiance from water area, also reduced to under 0.1 mW/m2/nm/sr after the smile correction.

생태통로 유형별 설치 현황 조사 연구

송의근,허수안,김일룡,김세희,이한비 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

Roads, railways and infrastructure are constructed with consideration of their environmental impacts, especially habitat fragmentation. Wildlife crossing structures increase the permeability of roads and other linear infrastructures for wildlife by allowing animals to safely cross under or over roads and by reducing the risk of wildlife-vehicle collosions. We investigated the location and type of 564 wildlife crossing structures in South Korea. Between April and October 2023, we identified 365 overpasses and 199 underpasses of wildlife crossing structures respectively. Gyeonggi-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do had the largest number of wildlife crossing structures. This study can provide basic information for the effective management of wildlife crossing structures.

구글어스엔진을 활용한 남한 연속 시계열 토지피복지도

최철현,장인영,한상학,강성룡 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

In this study, we utilized Google Earth Engine to construct, for the first time in South Korea, a long-term (1986-2021) continuous time series of land cover maps with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. Derived from the surface reflectance data of the Landsat satellite series, a total of 44 input variables were generated, including various spectral bands and indices related to land cover. For accuracy verification of the maps, 4,824 reference data were established using areas where land cover remained unchanged, identified by comparing the most recent (2018) and historical (1988) land cover maps from the Ministry of Environment. The Random Forest model was employed to classify seven land cover types (settlements, cropland, forest land, grassland, wetlands, bare land, and water bodies), with an overall accuracy of 0.97 and a Macro F1-score of 0.91, indicating a generally high performance of the model. However, considering the annual variability, potentially due to unidentified or untraceable errors, a composite land cover map dataset, integrated in five-year intervals, was suggested to ensure the generation of stable data.

항공 초분광영상-LiDAR를 이용한 완도 수목원 일대 식생 분포 조사 연구

김덕엽,이정현,김남신 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

Research oThe average temperature of the Korean Peninsula over the past 30 years has risen 1.4°C compared to the early 20th century (1912-1941), exceeding the global temperature increase trend. Vegetation responds very sensitively to climate change. Changes in phenological response, such as fall fliage, fruiting time of vascular plants, and appearance of insects, have occurred. Areas around Wando Arboretum, the target area of this study, belongs to the subtropical climate zone. In this study, we aimed to provide basic data for systematic management of biological resources through out the survey of vegetation distribution in the area around Wando Arboretum where warm-temperate plants distribute, using hyperspectral imaging- LiDAR. As a result of converting the classification images of individual information using hyperspectral images and Lidar into objects by vegetation correlation, a total of 27 classifications were confirmed with 18 families, 24 species, and three varieties. In addition, a total of 29,884 individuals were identified.n the Vegetation Distribution around Wando Arboretum using Aerial Hyperspectral Imaging-Lidar

원격탐사 기술을 이용한 세종특별자치시 금남면 금병산 일대 교목 군집 연구(2020-2021년)

김기현,송의근,이정현,김남신 (사)지오에이아이데이터학회 2023 GEO DATA Vol.5 No.4

Korea consists of 63% forested land, more than twice the global average (31%). Despite ongoing reforestation efforts since the initiation of erosion contron and greening project in 1973, many of the species planted during that plan were nonnative, such as <i>Pinus rigida</i> and <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i>. The study area, Sejong City, is undergoing various development activities. Given the anticipated influx of nonnative species and the reduction of plant biodiversity, accurate survey and analysis are essential for the conservation of Sejong City. In recent years, remote sensing techniques have been utilized as an alternative to traditional vegetation surveys. Remote sensing employs hyperspectral imagery, and LiDAR, allowing for faster and more accurate data collection and analysis without direct on-site access. This study utilized remote sensing technologies, including hyperspectral imagery and LiDAR, to collect forest resource information in Mt. Geumbyeong, Sejong City. The area around Mt. Geumbyeong, is characterized by <i>Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia</i>, and <i>Pinus rigida</i>. In total, there are 19 species, with 43,657 individual trees, an average height of 16.91 m, an average breast height diameter of 38.85 cm, and an average age of 68.99 years. The aim is to provide fundamental data for forest management, urban forestry, and restoration efforts amid various disturbances, such as development activities, in the area. Subsequent and ongoing data collection through additional surveys and environmental assessments in the vicinity would enable the analysis of species-specific growth rates, the impact of disturbance factors, forest management, and health assessments over multiple years.