市民とマスコミが協力して地域課題解決する可能性 -新しいジャーナリズム概念における 市民とマスコミの活動上の関係-

竹内裕二 ( Takeuchi¸ Yuji ) 한국일본근대학회 2021 일본근대학연구 Vol.- No.74

ジャーナリズムに関する既往研究は、時代に応じて新しい概念が登場する。この新しい概念は、ジャーナリストがマスコミ業務という仕事を中心に取材する中から生まれた。このようにして新しく誕生した概念は、時代の変化を踏襲しながら、新たな段階に向けてのストーリー展開が行われていることがわかった。その事例から新しい概念によるジャーナリズムを具体的かつ明確に説明する「考え方」や「手法」を見出せていない。つまり、ジャーナリストによる「市民の声を中立的な立場で聞く手法」が明確になっておらず、市民による「自分たちの声を中立的な立場で伝える手法」が明らかになっていない。そこで、本研究では、市民側に焦点を当て、マスコミ(本稿では新聞)に取り上げられた事例を基にマスコミと市民団体、その事例が置かれた環境や状況を考慮し上で、新しいジャーナリズムの概念における「自分たちの声を中立的な立場で伝える」方法を明らかにすることを目的とする。結果としてマスコミは、①どんな活動であっても取り上げることをしない。②マスコミが取材対象にする視点は、「公共性」、「公益性」、「今日性」であり、この3つが揃わなければ報道対象になりづらい。③当然「常に動き、継続性、持続性」ある活動でなければならないが、その活動が関係者のみならず、外部の地域住民にも、活動の趣旨が伝播しているかどうかが重要になる。以上のことから、市民団体自身の声を対外的に中立的な立場で伝えることができる方法として、前述の3条件が必要だということがわかった。 In past research on journalism, new concepts have emerged according to the times. These concepts developed as journalists focused on working in conventional fields of journalism. The newly-born concept of Constructive Collaborative Journalism has grown out of these preceding developments. However, from these prior concepts, we have not been able to find ideas or methods to explain this new concept of journalism concretely and clearly. In addition, neither journalists’ methods of “listening to citizens voices form a neutral standpoint” nor citizens’ methods of “transmitting their voices from a neutral standpoint” has been clarified ). Accordingly, this study focuses on the citizens’ perspective, and aims to clarify the method of “conveying their voices from a neutral standpoint”. We take into account the media and citizens’ groups, as well as the environment and circumstances of the case, based on the examples covered by the mass media (in this case, newspapers). Results suggest: 1. The media will not necessarily cover all activities 2. The viewpoints that the media targets are “public,” “public interest,” and “contemporary”. If these three areas are not present, then it is unlikely an activity will be reported. 3. Naturally, the activities must be “constantly developing, continuous, and sustainable”. It is also important to ensure that the purpose of the activities is transmitted not only to the people involved, but also to the local residents who may not be aware of the activities. We found that the three conditions mentioned are necessary as a way to convey the voices of citizens’ groups to the outside world from an external standpoint.

Efficient Exciton Quenching by Hole Polarons in the Conjugated Polymer MEH-PPV

Yu, Ji,Song, Nam Woong,Mcneill, Jason D.,Barbara, Paul F. Wiley (John WileySons) 2004 Israel journal of chemistry Vol.44 No.1

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resins Modified by a Novel Thermoplastic-polyimide

Yu Ji,Yan Zhang,Ping Wang,Yuanyuan Li,Jianhua Sui 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.1

In this paper, a novel polyimide with trifluoromethyl group (PIS) was synthesized successfully and used toimprove the toughness of epoxy resins. Five modified epoxy resins (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 wt%) were prepared andinvestigated, respectively. The structure, thermal properties, tensile properties, viscoelastic properties, toughness andmorphology of modified epoxy resins were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA), Instron 5967, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Theresults showed that the epoxy resins modified with PIS exhibited good thermal stability which the glass transitiontemperatures increased from 135.9 oC to 146.4 oC. Tensile strength of modified epoxy resins increased from 40.4 MPa to92.3 MPa. The KIC values increased from 0.86 MPa·m1/2 to 1.56 MPa·m1/2 indicated that the toughness enhancement wasmarkedly. The fracture modes also were examined by SEM images and exhibited the fracture mode changed from the brittleone to ductile fracture with varied weight of the novel trifluoromethyl-polyimide.

Evaluation of anatomical landmark position differences between respiration-gated MRI and four-dimensional CT for radiation therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Yu, J.I.,Kim, J.S.,Park, H.C.,Lim, D.H.,Han, Y.Y.,Lim, H.C.,Paik, S.W. BRIT INSTITUTE OF RADIOLOGY 2013 The British journal of radiology Vol.86 No.1021

Effectiveness and Safety of Tissue Expander for Adjuvant Helical Tomotherapy in Curatively Resected Retroperitoneal Sarcoma

Yu, J. I.,Lim, D. H.,Park, H. C.,Jung, S. H.,Jeon, S. J.,Nam, H.,Kim, B.,Kim, S.-J.,Park, J. B. Potamitis Press 2018 Anticancer research Vol.38 No.4

<P>Background/Aim: We investigated the effectiveness and safety of using a tissue expander (TE) for adjuvant helical tomotherapy (HT) for curatively resected retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with 60 RPS patients who underwent curative resection with or without TE insertion followed by HT from June 2009 to December 2016. Among the patients, TE was inserted in 37 (61.7%). The quality of TE insertion was evaluated. Median follow-up after surgery was 19.4 months (range= 4.5-93.2 months). Results: A higher biologically-equivalent dose (alpha/ss= 10) was used with patients who had TE insertion (median, 72.0 gray [Gy] vs. 67.1 Gy, p= 0.02). The quality of TE insertion was excellent in 18 patients (48.6%), good in 10 (27.0%), fair in seven (18.9%), and poor in two (5.4%). Toxicity was not significantly different according to TE insertion. Local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was 78.2%, and overall survival was 95.6% at 3 years. TE insertion was not a significant factor for LRFS (91.1% in TE vs. 62.9% in non-TE group at 3 years, p= 0.62). In the subgroup of patients with R1 or unknown tumor margin status, however, LRFS was marginally higher in the TE insertion group (100.0% in TE vs. 62.9% non-TE group at 3 years, p= 0.05). Conclusion: HT with TE insertion as adjuvant RT for curatively resected RPS was feasible with acceptable toxicity. In the patients with R1 or unknown tumor margin status, LRFS was marginally higher in the TE insertion group after HT.</P>

Clinical impact of combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: An external validation study

Yu, J.I.,Park, J.W.,Park, H.C.,Yoon, S.M.,Lim, D.H.,Lee, J.H.,Lee, H.C.,Kim, S.W.,Kim, J.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Radiotherapy and oncology Vol.118 No.2

<P>Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) response and clinical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization followed by radiotherapy (TACE-RT). Materials and methods: The study enrolled 329 patients in the training set and 179 patients in the validation set. All patients who were treated with TACE-RT from 2002 to 2008 and satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up period was 11.7 months (range, 1.6-108.6) in the training set and 11.9 months (range, 1.7-105.1) in the validation set. Results: After TACE-RT, PVTT response was complete or partial in 32 (9.7%) and 134 (40.7%) patients of the training set and in 18 (10.1%) and 96 (53.6%) patients in the validation set, respectively. Failure to obtain PVTT response was significantly related with elevated post-treatment Child-Pugh score (P < 0.001). Furthermore, progression-free survival was significantly related with PVTT response (P < 0.001, hazard ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.42) in multivariate analysis. In receiver operating characteristics analysis of 1-year progression prediction, the PVTT response showed an area under the curve of 0.74. Most of the findings were successfully reproduced in the independent external validation set. Conclusions: Positive PVTT response was closely associated with favorable clinical outcomes. The PVTT response to TACE-RT reduces metastasis and makes it possible to maintain normal liver function and achieve longer survival. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Defect control for polarization switching in BiFeO₃ single crystals

Chishima, Yuji,Noguchi, Yuji,Kitanaka, Yuuki,Miyayama, Masaru IEEE 2010 and Frequency Control Vol.57 No.10

<P>BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> (BFO) single crystals were grown and the effects of Zn and Mn co-doping on the polarization and leakage current properties were investigated at 25°C for establishing materials design based on defect chemistry. Although Zn doping or Mn doping led to a deterioration in the properties, Zn-Mn co-doping led to a large remanent polarization (36 μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), a low coercive field (19 kV/cm), and a relatively low leakage current density (~10<SUP>-8</SUP> A/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). It is proposed that defect dipoles composed of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> and Mn<SUP>4+</SUP> act as effective nucleation sites for ferroelectric domains during polarization switching in BFO crystals.</P>

Surgical Results of Patients with Myelopathy due to Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum with Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament or a Vertebral Fracture at the Same Level of the Thoracic Spine: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Yuji Kasukawa,Naohisa Miyakoshi,Michio Hongo,Yoshinori Ishikawa,Daisuke Kudo,Ryota Kimura,Yuichi Ono,Jumpei Iida,Chiaki Sato,Yoichi Shimada 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.5

Study Design: Retrospective and comparative study. Purpose: We assessed surgical treatment outcomes in patients with thoracic myelopathy due to ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF), and OLF combined with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) or vertebral fracture (VF) at the same level. Overview of Literature: OLF and OPLL cause severe thoracic myelopathy. Osteoporotic VF commonly occurs at the thoracolumbar junction. There have been no investigations of thoracic myelopathy due to OLF and VF. Methods: Forty patients were divided among three groups: the OLF group (n=23): myelopathy due to OLF, the OLF+OPLL group (n=12): myelopathy due to OLF and OPLL, and the OLF+VF group (n=5): myelopathy due to OLF and VF. We recorded OLF, OPLL, and VF sites and operative procedures. Each patient’s neurological status, according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and walking ability were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. Results: Patients in the OLF+OPLL group were significantly younger than those in the other two groups. The preoperative JOA score was significantly lower in the OLF+VF than OLF group. The final JOA score was significantly lower in the OLF+VF than OLF and OLF+OPLL groups. The JOA score recovery rate was significantly lower in the OLF+VF than OLF group. Final walking ability was significantly worse in the OLF+OPLL and OLF+VF groups than in the OLF group and significantly worse in the OLF+VF than OLF+OPLL group. Conclusions: Thoracic myelopathy due to OLF+VF occurs primarily in older females, who also exhibit worse preoperative and postoperative neurological status, and worse walking ability, than patients with thoracic myelopathy due to OLF or OLF+OPLL.

Risk of surgery in patients with stricturing type of Crohn’s disease at the initial diagnosis: a single center experience

Yuji Maehata,Yutaka Nagata,Tomohiko Moriyama,Yuichi Matsuno,Atsushi Hirano,Junji Umeno,Takehiro Torisu,Tatsuya Manabe,Takanari Kitazono,Motohiro Esaki 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: It remains uncertain which patients with stricturing-type Crohn’s disease (CD) require early small bowel surgery after the initial diagnosis. We aimed to clarify clinical characteristics associated with the intervention in such condition of CD. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of 53 patients with CD and small bowel strictures who were initially treated with medications after the initial diagnosis. We investigated possible associations between small bowel surgery and the following: clinical factors and radiologic findings at initial diagnosis and the types of medications administered during follow-up. Results: Twenty-eight patients (53%) required small bowel resection during a median follow-up period of 5.0 years (range, 0.5–14.3 years). The cumulative incidence rates of small bowel surgery at 2, 5, and 10 years were 26.4%, 41.0%, and 63.2%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that obstructive symptoms (P=0.036), long-segment stricture (P<0.0001), and prestenotic dilation (P<0.0001) on radiography were associated with small bowel surgery, and immunomodulatory (P=0.037) and biological therapy (P=0.008) were significant factors during follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that long-segment stricture (hazard ratio [HR], 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–10.53; P=0.001) and prestenotic dilation (HR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.24–9.62; P=0.018) on radiography showed a positive correlation with small bowel surgery, and biological therapy (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.15–0.99; P=0.048) showed a negative correlation. Conclusions: CD patients with long-segment stricture and prestenotic dilation on radiography seem to be at a higher risk of needing small bowel surgery. For such patients, early surgical intervention might be appropriate, even at initial diagnosis.

MEASUREMENT OF AEROSOLS IN ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS FACTORIES FOR RISK ASSESSMENT

YUJI FUJITANI,TAKAHIRO KOBAYASHI 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2008 NANO Vol.3 No.4

In relation to potential health risks, there is little available information on exposure to aerosols containing nanometer-size particles in work environments in factories producing engineered nanomaterials. We measured the concentrations and size distributions of particles of nanometer-sized to coarse-sized particles in an engineered carbon nanomaterial factory and a titanium dioxide factory. In addition, particles were collected with a quartz fiber filter in the engineered carbon nanomaterial factory, and their morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy and their carbon composition was examined with a carbon analyzer. In the carbon nanomaterial factory, the particle number increased to more than 105 cm-3 when a vacuum cleaner was used to clean the inside of the producing device, and the particle number increased for particles with a diameter of about 100 nm compared with the background. This is the only case an increase in particle numbers is observed during this measurement. The emitted particles appear to consist of agglomerates of carbon nanomaterial particles smaller than 100 nm. The major fraction was the EC3 fraction (EC: elemental carbon; combustion at 800°C in a 98:2 He/O2 atmosphere), which is a minor fraction in diesel engine particulate matter. This suggests that the combustion temperature can be used to differentiate atmospheric particulate matter from engineered carbon material. Personal sampling conducted in addition to stationary measurements in the titanium dioxide factory indicated that stationary measurements can be used to generate representative data on the basis of the particle number but not the particle mass.