Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Antibiotic-Impregnated Shunt Catheters on Anti-Infective Effect of Hydrocephalus Shunt

Zhou, Wen-xiu,Hou, Wen-bo,Zhou, Chao,Yin, Yu-xia,Lu, Shou-tao,Liu, Guang,Fang, Yi,Li, Jian-wen,Wang, Yan,Liu, Ai-hua,Zhang, Hai-jun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2021 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.64 No.2

Objective : Shunt infection is a common complication while treating hydrocephalus. The antibiotic-impregnated shunt catheter (AISC) was designed to reduce shunt infection rate. A meta-analysis was conducted to study the effectiveness of AISCs in reduction of shunt infection in terms of age, follow-up time and high-risk patient population. Methods : This study reviewed literature from three databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (from 2000 to March 2019). Clinical studies from controlled trials for shunt operation were included in this analysis. A subgroup analysis was performed based on the patient's age, follow-up time and high-risk population. The fixed effect in RevMan 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for this meta-analysis. Results : This study included 19 controlled clinical trials including 10105 operations. The analysis demonstrated that AISC could reduce the infection rate in shunt surgery compared to standard shunt catheter (non-AISC) from 8.13% to 4.09% (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.58; p=0.01; I2=46%). Subgroup analysis of different age groups showed that AISC had significant antimicrobial effects in all three groups (adult, infant, and adolescent). Follow-up time analysis showed that AISC was effective in preventing early shunt infections (within 6 months after implant). AISC is more effective in high-risk population (OR, 0.24;95% CI, 0.14-0.40; p=0.60; I2=0%) than in general patient population. Conclusion : The results of meta-analysis indicated that AISC is an effective method for reducing shunt infection. We recommend that AISC should be considered for use in infants and high-risk groups. For adult patients, the choice for AISC could be determined based on the treatment cost.

Effects of Different Medium Composition and Exogenous Hormones on Browning of Tree Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) Callus in Tissue Cultu

Fang Fang Zhou,Zheng Wang,Li Yun Shi,Jia Jia Niu,Wen Qian Shang,Dan He,Song Lin He 한국화훼학회 2016 화훼연구 Vol.24 No.2

Browning is one of the key factors that influenced the callus subculture of tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.). Effects of medium composition and exogenous hormones: macro elements of Murashige and Skoog (MS salts) and iron salt (Fe2+), pH, agar and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and kinetin (KT) on the callus browning of P. suffruticosa ‘Shan Hu Tai’ in vitro were studied in this paper. Results showed that the browning of P. suffruticosa callus were more sensitive to KT than 6-BA in different concentrations of 6-BA and KT separately with different concentrations of NAA, and reduced to the lowest (13.3%) under 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA plus 0.3 mg·L-1 KT. 1/4 × MS plus 1/4 × Fe2+ was the best basic medium in which the browning rate was only 18.2%. The browning rate of the callus was the lowest of 4.0% under pH 6.5 and the callus grew better in 7.0 g·L-1 agar than others. This study indicated that the best medium preventing P. suffruticosa callus in vitro from browning was: 1/4 × MS medium supplemented with 6.95 mg·L-1Fe2+, 0.3 mg·L-1 KT, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA, 6.0 g·L-1 agar and 30 g·L-1 sucrose in pH 6.5.

Effect of activated carbon modified with oxalic acid on the production of IPA from MX catalyzed by H3PW12O40@carbon and cobalt

Zhou-wen Fang,Hua-jie Liu,Zhi-hao Wang,Di Wen,Xiang-li Long 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.68 No.-

The production of IPA from the oxidation of MX is completed under the catalysis of H3PW12O40 (HPW) loaded on carbon and cobalt. Oxalic acid is tried to modify the carbon to upgrade the catalytic activity of HPW@C catalyst. The experiments show that the best carbon is acquired by carbonizing the carbon at 450 °C for 2 h in N2 after being soaked in a 0.20 mol l−1 oxalic acid solution for 16 h. The IPA produced by the HPW@C catalysts prepared with the carbon modified is 58.9% over that obtained by the catalysts prepared with the original carbon.

Effect of H2O2 modification of H3PW12O40@carbon for m-xylene oxidation to isophthalic acid

Zhou-wen Fang,Di Wen,Zhi-hao Wang,Xiang-li Long 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.11

The production of isophthalic acid (IPA) from the oxidation of m-xylene (MX) by air is catalyzed by H3PW12O40 (HPW) loaded on carbon and cobalt. We used H2O2 solution to oxidize the carbon to improve the catalytic activity of HPW@C catalyst. Experiments reveal that the best carbon sample is obtained by calcining the carbon at 700oC for 4h after being impregnated in the 3.75% H2O2 solution at 40oC for 7h. The surface characterization displays that the H2O2 modification leads to an increase in the acidic groups and a reduction in the basic groups on the carbon surface. The catalytic capability of the HPW@C catalyst depends on its surface chemical characteristics and physical property. The acidic groups play a more important part than the physical property. The MX conversion after 180min reaction acquired by the HPW@C catalysts prepared from the activated carbon modified in the best condition is 3.81% over that obtained by the HPW@C catalysts prepared from the original carbon. The IPA produced by the former is 46.2% over that produced by the latter.

Study on Corner Reflectors Identification in Highway Deformation Monitoring

Xue Min Xing,De Bao Wen,Fang Bin Zhou 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.12

CRInSAR is a newly developed technique to monitor ground deformation. In CRInSAR algorithm, the identification of Corner Reflectors in SAR images is necessary. Due to the uncertainty of traditional identification method, a new method based on the intensity and correlation coefficient of each CR candidates in SAR images is presented. The method has been successfully used to determine the locations of 11 CRs installed along a highway in six SAR images over the study area. The results show that the identification accuracy of the new method is about 1 pixel. It is effective and reliable especially in the area with lots of lightspots around the CR points. The method proposed can play important role in the highway deformation monitoring within CRInSAR algorithm.

Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Extracted from Lycium barbarum Leaves Ameliorates Asthma in Mice by Reducing Inflammation and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Fang Cui,Chun-li Shi,Xiao-jing Zhou,Wang Wen,Xiao-ping Gao,Li-ying Wang,Bin He,Mei Yin,Jia-qing Zhao 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.7

This study was designed to explore the impact of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on inflammation and gut microbiota in mice with allergic asthma. Mice were divided into four groups: control group, OVA (ovalbumin) group, Con+LBP group, OVA+LBP group. After 28 days of LBP intervention, mice were euthanized and associated indications were investigated. Histopathological examination demonstrated that LBP reduced lung injury. The results of our current study provide evidence that supplementation with LBP in asthmatic mice decreases TNF, IL-4, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-17A in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Sequencing and analysis of gut microbiota indicated that compared with the OVA group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were increased, but Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Alistipes, and Clostridiales were decreased in the OVA+LBP group. We also found that gut microbiota were related to inflammation-related factors. Therefore, we speculate that LBP may improve allergic asthma by altering gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammation in mice.

Distinct mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 genes in Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) families from China

( Wen Qian Wei ),( Fang Qi Liu ),( Lei Liu ),( Zuo Feng Li ),( Xiao Yan Zhang ),( Fan Jiang ),( Qu Shi ),( Xiao Yan Zhou ),( Wei Qi Sheng ),( San Jun Cai ),( Xuan Li ),( Ye Xu ),( Peng Nan ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.5

Hereditary non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant inheritance syndrome. HNPCC is the most common hereditary variant of colorectal cancer (CRC), which accounts for 2-5% CRCs, mainly due to hMLH1 and hMSH2 mutations that impair DNA repair functions. Our study aimed to identify the patterns of hMSH2 and hMLH1 mutations in Chinese HNPCC patients. Ninety-eight unrelated families from China meeting Amsterdam or Bethesda criteria were included in our study. Germline mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 genes, located in the exons and the splice-site junctions, were screened in the 98 probands by direct sequencing. Eleven mutations were found in ten patients (11%), with six in MLH1 (54.5%) and five in MSH2 (45.5%) genes. One patient had mutations in both MLH1 and MSH2 genes. Three novel mutations in MLH1 gene (c.157_160delGAGG, c.2157dupT and c.-64G>T) were found for the first time, and one suspected hotspot in MSH2 (c.1168C>T) was revealed. [BMB reports 2011; 44(5): 317-322]

The thermal stability of atomic layer deposited HfLaOx: Material and electrical characterization

Wen Yang,Qing-Qing Sun,Run-Chen Fang,Lin Chen,Peng Zhou,Shi-Jin Ding,David Wei Zhang 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.6

HfLaOx based Metaleoxideesemiconductor capacitors were fabricated by atomic layer deposition in this work. The material and electrical properties of the films along with the high temperature thermal treatment were investigated. It was found that samples undergoing annealing at 900 ℃ exhibited the best performance. The film was found to be crystallized to a cubic structure at 900 ℃, and the roughness of the films was estimated to be 0.332 nm. For electrical characterization, the C-V curve of the film is in good agreement with the corresponding simulated curve, and the capacitor does not show any hysteresis. Moreover, the Dit near the center of silicon band gap exhibits lowest value, and it was calculated to be 2.28 × 1011 eV-1 cm-2. HfLaOx based Metaleoxideesemiconductor capacitors were fabricated by atomic layer deposition in this work. The material and electrical properties of the films along with the high temperature thermal treatment were investigated. It was found that samples undergoing annealing at 900 ℃ exhibited the best performance. The film was found to be crystallized to a cubic structure at 900 ℃, and the roughness of the films was estimated to be 0.332 nm. For electrical characterization, the C-V curve of the film is in good agreement with the corresponding simulated curve, and the capacitor does not show any hysteresis. Moreover, the Dit near the center of silicon band gap exhibits lowest value, and it was calculated to be 2.28 × 1011 eV-1 cm-2.

Comparison of the Effects of Propofol and Midazolam on Inflammation and Oxidase Stress in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Wen-fang Xia,Qing-shan Zhou,Yu Liu,Qi-zhu Tang,Han-dong Zou 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.2

Purpose: To investigate and compare the effects of propofol and midazolam on inflammation and oxidase stress in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two ASA class I-II children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups: propofol combined with low dose fentanyl (PF group, n = 16) and midazolam combined with low dose fentanyl (MF group, n = 16). Tracheal extubation time and length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay were recorded. Blood samples were taken before operation (T_0), at 2 h after release of the aorta cross-clamp (T_3) and at 24 h after operation (T_4) to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Myocardium samples were collected at 10-20 min after aorta cross-clamp (T_1) and at 10-20 min after the release of the aorta cross-clamp (T_2) to detect heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Results: Tracheal extubation time and length of ICU stay in PF group were significantly shorter than those of the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). After cardiopulmonary bypass, IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels were significantly increased, and the SOD level was significantly reduced in both two groups, but PF group exhibited lower IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels and higher SOD levels than the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). The HO-1 expression in the PF group was significantly higher than that in MF group at the corresponding time points (p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Propofol is superior to midazolam in reducing inflammation and oxidase stress and in improving post-operation recovery in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

Proteomic Analysis on Exosomes Derived from Patients’ Sera Infected with Echinococcus granulosus

Wen Wang,Xiaojing Zhou,Fang Cui,Chunli Shi,Yulan Wang,Yanfei Men,Wei Zhao,Jiaqing Zhao 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.5

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus at the larval stage, predominantly develops in the liver and lungs of intermediate hosts and eventually results in organ malfunction or even death. The interaction between E. granulosus and human body is incompletely understood. Exosomes are nanosized particles ubiquitously present in human body fluids. Exosomes carry biomolecules that facilitate communication between cells. To the best of our knowledge, the role of exosomes in patients with CE is not reported. Here, we isolated exosomes from the sera of patients with CE (CE-exo) and healthy donors and subjected them to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Proteomic analysis identified 49 proteins specifically expressed in CE-exo, including 4 proteins of parasitic origin. The most valuable parasitic proteins included tubulin alpha-1C chain and histone H4. And 8 proteins were differentially regulated in CE-exo (fold change>1.5), as analyzed with bioinformatic methods such as annotation and functional enrichment analyses. These findings may improve our understanding about the interaction between E. granulosus and human body, and may contribute to the diagnosis and prevention of CE.