FATIGUE ASSESSMENT OF REAR AXLE UNDER SERVICE LOADING HISTORIES CONSIDERING THE STRENGTHENING AND DAMAGING EFFECTS OF LOADS BELOW FATIGUE LIMIT

L. H. ZHAO,S. L. ZHENG,J. Z. FENG,H. F. ZHOU,Y. F. XING 한국자동차공학회 2014 International journal of automotive technology Vol.15 No.5

Accurately predicting the fatigue life is the basis for the reliability and lightweight design of automobile parts. However, the predicted lives under service loadings on the basis of the S-N curve from constant amplitude loads from existingmethods often seems conservative compared with real lives, because of ignoring the strengthening effect of loads belowfatigue limit. In this paper, a fatigue damage model, which is modification of Miner's Rule, was established for the fatigueassessment under service loadings by means of taking into account the strengthening and damaging effects of loads belowfatigue limit. Then this model and conventional Miner's Rule are applied to the estimate the fatigue life of a torsion beam rearaxle using the loading history recorded on proving ground. Finally, verification tests are performed on MTS road loadsimulator test bed. Results of predicted lives and fatigue tests demonstrate that the accuracy of the predicted life could begreatly improved by taking into account the strengthening and damaging effect of loads below fatigue limit.

Sequencing, Genomic Structure, Chromosomal Mapping and Association Study of the Porcine ADAMTS1 Gene with Litter Size

Yue, K.,Peng, J.,Zheng, R.,Li, J.L.,Chen, J.F.,Li, F.E.,Dai, L.H.,Ding, SH.H.,Guo, W.H.,Xu, N.Y.,Xiong, Y.ZH.,Jiang, S.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.7

A disintegrin-like and metalloprotease (reprolysin type) with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS1) plays a critical role in follicular rupture and represents a major advance in the proteolytic events that control ovulation. In this study, a 9,026-bp DNA sequence containing the full coding region, all 8 introns and part of the 5'and 3' untranslated region of the porcine ADAMTS1 gene was obtained. Analysis of the ADAMTS1 gene using the porcine radiation hybrid panel indicated that pig ADAMTS1 is closely linkage with microsatellite marker S0215, located on SSC13q49. The open reading frame of its cDNA covered 2,844 bp and encoded 947 amino acids. The coding region of porcine ADAMTS1 as determined by sequence alignments shared 85% and 81% identity with human and mouse cDNAs, respectively. The deduced protein contained 947 amino acids showing 85% sequence similarity both to the human and mouse proteins, respectively. Comparative sequencing of three pig breeds revealed one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within exon 7 of which a G-C substitution at position 6006 changes a codon for arginine into a codon for proline. The substitution was situated within a PvuII recognition site and developed as a PCR-RFLP marker for further use in population variation investigations and association analysis with litter size. Allele frequencies of this SNP were investigated in seven pig breeds/lines. An association analysis in a new Qingping female line suggested that different ADAMTS1 genotypes have significant differences in litter size (p<0.01).

DNA 분석을 통한 한우 , 연변황우 및 화우의 유전적 특성

신원집,여정수,김재우,신수길,정진우,이지홍 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.4

This study was conducted to identify the genetic parameters and genetic relationships among 3 cattle breeds of Hanwoo (Korea), Yanbian yellow cattle (China), and Wagyu (Japan). DNA fingerprinting was prepared using M13 probe and Pst 1 enzyme. Genetic homogencities of Hanwoo and Yanbian yellow cattle were comparatively lower than that of Wagyu, suggesting genetic improvement by active breeding program for Wagyu compared to Hanwoo and Yanbian yellow cattle and possibility of improvement capacity for Hanwoo and Yanbian yellow cattle. Genetic similarities between breeds were not significantly different among them, suggesting that these 3 breeds have been raised independently without any inflow or outflow of gene source for a while.

New Evidence of Alleles (V199I and G52S) at the PRKAG3 (RN) Locus Affecting Pork Meat Quality

Chen, J.F.,Dai, L.H.,Peng, J.,Li, J.L.,Zheng, R.,Zuo, B.,Li, F.E.,Liu, M.,Yue, K.,Lei, M.G.,Xiong, Y.Z.,Deng, C.Y.,Jiang, S.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.4

The porcine PRKAG3 (RN) gene encodes the regulatory gamma subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a good candidate gene affecting meat quality. In this study, the effects of two missense mutations A595G (Ile199Val) and G154A (Gly52Ser) in porcine PRKAG3 gene on meat quality traits were studied in M. Longissimus dorsi (LD), M. Semispinalis capitis (SC) and M. Biceps femoris (BF) from different populations of 326 pigs. The PRKAG3 alleles 199I, 199IV, 52S and 52G were identified with PCR-RFLPs and all genotypes - 199I/199I, 199I/199V, 199V/199V, 52S/52S, 52S/52G and 52G/52G - were found. The frequency of V allele was larger than that of I allele in all populations. I allele frequency was zero in Chinese Meishan pigs (population D) especially. G allele frequency was larger than that of S allele in all populations except Large White (population A). Both variations at the PRKAG3 locus significantly affected these meat quality traits. The pork meat quality has not previously been established in Meishan or crosses thereof. The results suggested that generally pH of LD, SC and BF was higher in Meishan pigs than that in other populations. Moreover, Meishan pigs showed higher water-holding capacity and intramuscular fat (IMF), lower water content and water loss percentage compared to other populations in terms of the two variations. The results present here supply new evidence that alleles V199I and G52S at the PRKAG3 locus affect pork meat quality and provide useful information on pork production.

Photoprotective Effect of Carpomitra costata Extract against Ultraviolet B-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Keratinocytes

Zheng, J.,Hewage, S.R.K. Madduma,Piao, Mei Jing,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Han, X,Kang, H.K.,Yoo, E.S.,Koh, Y.S.,Lee, N.H.,Ko, C. S.,Lee, J. C.,Ko, Mi Hee,Hyuna, Jin Won Begell House Inc. 2016 Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology, an Vol.35 No.1

<P>Natural marine products show various biological properties such as antiphotoaging, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammation. This study evaluated the protective effects of the brown alga Carpomitra costata (Stackhouse) Batters (Sporochnaceae) against ultraviolet B (UVB)-provoked damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. C. costata extract (CCE) effectively reduced superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and UVB-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. CCE also restored the expression and activity of UVB-suppressed antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, CCE decreased UVB-triggered oxidative damage to cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid and defended the cells against mitochondrial membrane depolarization-medicated apoptosis. The results of this study indicate that CCE can safeguard human keratinocytes against UVB-induced cellular damage via a potent antioxidant mechanism. CCE may find utility as part of a therapeutic arsenal against the damaging effects of UVB radiation on the skin.</P>

Facile Fabrication of WO₃ Nanoplates Thin Films with Dominant Crystal Facet of (002) for Water Splitting

Zheng, J.Y.,Song, G.,Hong, J.,Van, T.K.,Pawar, A.U.,Kim, D.Y.,Kim, C.W.,Haider, Z.,Kang, Y.S. MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014 The American mineralogist Vol.99 No.11

COMPARISON OF PMP AND DP IN FUEL CELL HYBRID VEHICLES

C. H. ZHENG,G. Q. XU,Y. I. PARK,W. S. LIM,차석원 한국자동차공학회 2014 International journal of automotive technology Vol.15 No.1

Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) and Dynamic Programming (DP) are both from the optimal controltheory and can both achieve optimal trajectories when they are applied to power management strategies of hybrid vehicles. However they have totally different control concepts. In order to select the superior one, the PMP-based and the DP-basedpower management strategies are introduced and compared for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV) in this paper. The two powermanagement strategies are applied to the FCHV in a computer simulation environment, and the simulation results from thetwo strategies are compared when the control variable for the PMP is fuel cell system (FCS) net power and for the DP isbattery power. As a result, the superiority of the PMP-based power management strategy is proved.

PANCHROMATIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE TEXTBOOK GRB 110205A: CONSTRAINING PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF PROMPT EMISSION AND AFTERGLOW

Zheng, W.,Shen, R. F.,Sakamoto, T.,Beardmore, A. P.,De Pasquale, M.,Wu, X. F.,Gorosabel, J.,Urata, Y.,Sugita, S.,Zhang, B.,Pozanenko, A.,Nissinen, M.,Sahu, D. K.,Im, M.,Ukwatta, T. N.,Andreev, M.,Klun IOP Publishing 2012 The Astrophysical journal Vol.751 No.2

<P>We present a comprehensive analysis of a bright, long-duration (T-90 similar to 257 s) GRB 110205A at redshift z = 2.22. The optical prompt emission was detected by Swift/UVOT, ROTSE-IIIb, and BOOTES telescopes when the gamma-ray burst (GRB) was still radiating in the gamma-ray band, with optical light curve showing correlation with gamma-ray data. Nearly 200 s of observations were obtained simultaneously from optical, X-ray, to gamma-ray (1 eV to 5 MeV), which makes it one of the exceptional cases to study the broadband spectral energy distribution during the prompt emission phase. In particular, we clearly identify, for the first time, an interesting two-break energy spectrum, roughly consistent with the standard synchrotron emission model in the fast cooling regime. Shortly after prompt emission (similar to 1100 s), a bright (R = 14.0) optical emission hump with very steep rise (alpha similar to 5.5) was observed, which we interpret as the reverse shock (RS) emission. It is the first time that the rising phase of an RS component has been closely observed. The full optical and X-ray afterglow light curves can be interpreted within the standard reverse shock (RS) + forward shock (FS) model. In general, the high-quality prompt and afterglow data allow us to apply the standard fireball model to extract valuable information, including the radiation mechanism (synchrotron), radius of prompt emission (R-GRB similar to 3 x 10(13) cm), initial Lorentz factor of the outflow (Gamma(0) similar to 250), the composition of the ejecta (mildly magnetized), the collimation angle, and the total energy budget.</P>

The Dietary Effects of Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT^®) on Production Performance, Liver Lipids and Intestinal Microflora in Laying Hens

Zheng, L.,Oh, S.T.,Jeon, J.Y.,Moon, B.H.,Kwon, H.S.,Lim, S.U.,An, B.K.,Kang, C.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.2

Fermented Chlorella vulgaris CBT$^{(R)}$ was evaluated for its effects on egg production, egg quality, liver lipids and intestinal microflora in laying hens. One hundred and eight Hy-line Brown layers (n = 108), 80 wk of age, were fed a basal diet supplemented with CBT$^{(R)}$ at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 42 d. Egg production was measured daily and egg quality was measured every two weeks. Five eggs from each replicate were collected randomly to determine egg quality. Egg production increased linearly with increasing levels of CBT$^{(R)}$ supplementation (p<0.05), although there was no significant effect of treatment on feed intake. Egg yolk color (p<0.001) and Haugh unit (p<0.01) improved linearly with increasing dietary CBT$^{(R)}$. Hepatic triacylglycerol level was linearly decreased with increasing dietary CBT$^{(R)}$ (p<0.05). The supplemental CBT$^{(R)}$ resulted in linear (p<0.001) and quadratic (p<0.01) response in population of cecal lactic acid bacteria. In conclusion, fermented Chlorella vulgaris supplemented to laying hen diets improved egg production, egg yolk color, Haugh unit and positively affected the contents of hepatic triacylglycerol and the profiles of cecal microflora.

Preparation of HIFU-triggered tumor-targeted hyaluronic acid micelles for controlled drug release and enhanced cellular uptake

Zheng, S.,Jin, Z.,Han, J.,Cho, S.,Nguyen, V.D.,Ko, S.Y.,Park, J.O.,Park, S. Elsevier 2016 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Vol.143 No.-

<P>In this study, a novel type of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-triggered active tumor-targeting polymeric micelle was prepared and investigated for controlled drug release and enhanced cellular uptake. Amphiphilic hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugates were synthesized to form docetaxel loaded micelles in aqueous conditions with high encapsulation efficiencies of over 80%. The micelle sizes were limited to less than 150 nm, and they varied slightly according to the encapsulated drug amount. Modifying the micellar surface modification with polyethylene glycol diamine successfully inhibited premature drug leakage at a certain level, and it can be expected to prolong the circulation time of the particles in blood. In addition, high-intensity focused ultrasound was introduced to control the release of docetaxel from micelles, to which the release behavior of a drug can be tuned. The in-vitro cell cytotoxicity of docetaxel-loaded micelles was verified against CT-26 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The IC50 values of drug loaded micelles to CT-26 and MDA-MB-231 cells were 1230.2 and 870.9 ng/mL, respectively. However, when exposed to HIFU, the values decreased significantly, to 181.9 and 114.3 ng/mL, suggesting that HIFU can enhance cell cytotoxicity by triggering the release of a drug from the micelles. Furthermore, cellular uptake tests were conducted via the quantitative analysis of intracellular drug concentration within CT-26 (CD44 negative), MDA-MB-231 (CD44 positive), and MDA-MB-231 (CD44 blocked), and then imaged with coumarin-6 loaded micelles. The results verified that intracellular drug delivery can be enhanced efficiently via the CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis of HA micelles. Moreover, HIFU enhanced the cellular uptake behavior by altering the permeability of the cell membrane. It was also able to aid with the extravasation of micelles into the interior of tumors, which will be explained in further research. Therefore, the present study demonstrates that the micelles prepared in this study can emerge as promising nanocarriers of chemotherapeutic agents for controlled drug release and tumor targeting in cancer treatment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>